Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Roundabout homolog 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ROBO1 gene .[5] [6] [7]
Function [ edit ]
Bilateral symmetric nervous systems have special midline structures that establish a partition between the two mirror image halves. Some axons project toward and across the midline in response to long-range chemoattractants emanating from the midline. The protein encoded by ROBO1 is structurally similar to a Drosophila integral membrane protein which is encoded by the Drosophila roundabout gene (a member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily) and is both an axon guidance receptor and a cell adhesion receptor, known to be involved in the decision by axons to cross the central nervous system midline. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for ROBO1.[7]
Clinical significance [ edit ]
ROBO1 was implicated in a communication disorder based on a Finnish pedigree with severe dyslexia . Analyses revealed a translocation had occurred disrupting ROBO1 .[8] Study of the phonological memory component of the language acquisition system suggests that ROBO1 polymorphisms are associated with functioning in this system.[9] The gene is thought to be related to the brain's ability to represent quantities , and is correlated with better math scores of young children in one limited study.[10]
References [ edit ]
^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000169855 – Ensembl , May 2017
^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000022883 – Ensembl , May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .
^ Kidd T, Brose K, Mitchell KJ, Fetter RD, Tessier-Lavigne M, Goodman CS, Tear G (Feb 1998). "Roundabout controls axon crossing of the CNS midline and defines a novel subfamily of evolutionarily conserved guidance receptors" . Cell . 92 (2): 205–15. doi :10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80915-0 . PMID 9458045 . S2CID 2036419 .
^ Sundaresan V, Roberts I, Bateman A, Bankier A, Sheppard M, Hobbs C, Xiong J, Minna J, Latif F, Lerman M, Rabbitts P (Aug 1998). "The DUTT1 gene, a novel NCAM family member is expressed in developing murine neural tissues and has an unusually broad pattern of expression". Mol Cell Neurosci . 11 (1–2): 29–35. doi :10.1006/mcne.1998.0672 . PMID 9608531 . S2CID 7168171 .
^ a b "Entrez Gene: ROBO1 roundabout, axon guidance receptor, homolog 1 (Drosophila)" .
^ Hannula-Jouppi K, Kaminen-Ahola N, Taipale M, Eklund R, Nopola-Hemmi J, Kääriäinen H, Kere J (October 2005). "The axon guidance receptor gene ROBO1 is a candidate gene for developmental dyslexia" . PLOS Genet . 1 (4): e50. doi :10.1371/journal.pgen.0010050 . PMC 1270007 . PMID 16254601 .
^ Bates TC, Luciano M, Medland SE, Montgomery GW, Wright MJ, Martin NG (January 2011). "Genetic variance in a component of the language acquisition device: ROBO1 polymorphisms associated with phonological buffer deficits". Behav. Genet . 41 (1): 50–7. doi :10.1007/s10519-010-9402-9 . PMID 20949370 . S2CID 13129473 .
^ "How genetic variation gives rise to differences in mathematical ability" .
Further reading [ edit ]
Sundaresan V, Chung G, Heppell-Parton A, et al. (1998). "Homozygous deletions at 3p12 in breast and lung cancer" . Oncogene . 17 (13): 1723–9. doi :10.1038/sj.onc.1202103 . PMID 9796701 .
Zhao XC, Zhang LM, Li Q, Tong DY, Fan LC, An P, Wu XY, Chen WM, Zhao P, Wang J (2013). "Isoflurane post-conditioning protects primary cultures of cortical neurons against oxygen and glucose deprivation injury via upregulation of Slit2/Robo1" . Brain Res . 1537 : 283–9. doi :10.1016/j.brainres.2013.08.036 . PMC 3820100 . PMID 23994690 .
Brose K, Bland KS, Wang KH, et al. (1999). "Slit proteins bind Robo receptors and have an evolutionarily conserved role in repulsive axon guidance" . Cell . 96 (6): 795–806. doi :10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80590-5 . PMID 10102268 . S2CID 16301178 .
Yuan W, Zhou L, Chen JH, et al. (1999). "The mouse SLIT family: secreted ligands for ROBO expressed in patterns that suggest a role in morphogenesis and axon guidance" . Dev. Biol . 212 (2): 290–306. doi :10.1006/dbio.1999.9371 . PMID 10433822 .
Bashaw GJ, Kidd T, Murray D, et al. (2000). "Repulsive axon guidance: Abelson and Enabled play opposing roles downstream of the roundabout receptor" . Cell . 101 (7): 703–15. doi :10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80883-1 . PMID 10892742 . S2CID 2715852 .
Nguyen Ba-Charvet KT, Brose K, Ma L, et al. (2001). "Diversity and specificity of actions of Slit2 proteolytic fragments in axon guidance" . J. Neurosci . 21 (12): 4281–9. doi :10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-12-04281.2001 . PMC 6762758 . PMID 11404413 .
Wong K, Ren XR, Huang YZ, et al. (2001). "Signal transduction in neuronal migration: roles of GTPase activating proteins and the small GTPase Cdc42 in the Slit-Robo pathway" . Cell . 107 (2): 209–21. doi :10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00530-X . PMID 11672528 . S2CID 2458943 .
Dallol A, Forgacs E, Martinez A, et al. (2002). "Tumour specific promoter region methylation of the human homologue of the Drosophila Roundabout gene DUTT1 (ROBO1) in human cancers" . Oncogene . 21 (19): 3020–8. doi :10.1038/sj.onc.1205421 . PMID 12082532 .
Latil A, Chêne L, Cochant-Priollet B, et al. (2003). "Quantification of expression of netrins, slits and their receptors in human prostate tumors" . Int. J. Cancer . 103 (3): 306–15. doi :10.1002/ijc.10821 . PMID 12471613 . S2CID 22859295 .
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences" . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A . 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode :2002PNAS...9916899M . doi :10.1073/pnas.242603899 . PMC 139241 . PMID 12477932 .
Hivert B, Liu Z, Chuang CY, et al. (2003). "Robo1 and Robo2 are homophilic binding molecules that promote axonal growth". Mol. Cell. Neurosci . 21 (4): 534–45. doi :10.1006/mcne.2002.1193 . PMID 12504588 . S2CID 19664833 .
Wang B, Xiao Y, Ding BB, et al. (2004). "Induction of tumor angiogenesis by Slit-Robo signaling and inhibition of cancer growth by blocking Robo activity" . Cancer Cell . 4 (1): 19–29. doi :10.1016/S1535-6108(03)00164-8 . PMID 12892710 .
Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs" . Nat. Genet . 36 (1): 40–5. doi :10.1038/ng1285 . PMID 14702039 .
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)" . Genome Res . 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi :10.1101/gr.2596504 . PMC 528928 . PMID 15489334 .
Hannula-Jouppi K, Kaminen-Ahola N, Taipale M, et al. (2006). "The axon guidance receptor gene ROBO1 is a candidate gene for developmental dyslexia" . PLOS Genet . 1 (4): e50. doi :10.1371/journal.pgen.0010050 . PMC 1270007 . PMID 16254601 .
Werbowetski-Ogilvie TE, Seyed Sadr M, Jabado N, et al. (2006). "Inhibition of medulloblastoma cell invasion by Slit" . Oncogene . 25 (37): 5103–12. doi :10.1038/sj.onc.1209524 . PMC 2072874 . PMID 16636676 .
Muzny DM, Scherer SE, Kaul R, et al. (2006). "The DNA sequence, annotation and analysis of human chromosome 3" . Nature . 440 (7088): 1194–8. Bibcode :2006Natur.440.1194M . doi :10.1038/nature04728 . PMID 16641997 .
Gröne J, Doebler O, Loddenkemper C, et al. (2007). "Robo1/Robo4: differential expression of angiogenic markers in colorectal cancer" . Oncol. Rep . 15 (6): 1437–43. doi :10.3892/or.15.6.1437 . PMID 16685377 .
Ito H, Funahashi S, Yamauchi N, et al. (2007). "Identification of ROBO1 as a novel hepatocellular carcinoma antigen and a potential therapeutic and diagnostic target" . Clin. Cancer Res . 12 (11 Pt 1): 3257–64. doi :10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-2787 . PMID 16740745 .