Cannabis Sativa

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reverted edits by Coffman. Editor needs to know something about WWII. Ignorance of this man's importance in Fall Gelb.
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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2012}}
#REDIRECT [[List of Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross recipients (W)]]
{{Infobox military person
|name=Rudolf Witzig
|birth_date={{birth date|1916|8|14|df=y}}
|death_date={{death date and age|2001|10|3|1916|8|14|df=y}}
|birth_place=Röhlinghausen in [[Wanne-Eickel]]
|death_place=[[Oberschleißheim]]
|image=Rudolf Witzig.jpg
|caption=Rudolf Witzig
|nickname=
|allegiance={{flag|Nazi Germany}} (to 1945)<br/>{{flag|West Germany}}
|branch=[[Luftwaffe]]
|serviceyears=1935–45, 1956–74
|rank=''[[Major (Germany)|Major]]'' (Wehrmacht)<br/>''[[Oberst]]'' (Bundeswehr)
|commands=I./Fallschirm-Pionier-Regiment 21<br>Fallschirmjäger-Regiment 18
|unit=
|battles=[[World War II]]
*[[Invasion of Poland]]
*[[Battle of Fort Eben-Emael]]
*[[Invasion of Crete]]
*[[Battle of Tunisia]]
*[[Eastern Front (World War II)|Eastern Front]]
|awards=[[Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves]]
|laterwork=}}

'''Rudolf Witzig''' (14 August 1916 in Röhlinghausen, [[Wanne-Eickel]] – 3 October 2001 in [[Oberschleißheim]]) was a German [[Fallschirmjäger]] during [[World War II]] and [[Oberst]] in the [[Bundeswehr]]. He was also a recipient of the [[Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves]]. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership. Witzig fought in the German attack against the [[Belgian]] fortress [[Fort Eben-Emael]].

==Early life and career==
Witzig, the son of an engineer, was born on 14 August 1916 in Röhlinghausen, present-day a borough of [[Herne, North Rhine-Westphalia|Herne]], at the time in the [[Province of Westphalia]] of the [[Kingdom of Prussia]]. In 1927, the family moved to [[Kiel]] where Witzig graduated from a ''Realgymnasium''—a secondary school built on the mid-level ''[[Realschule]]'' to achieve the ''[[Abitur]]'' (university entry qualification).{{sfn|Stockert|2011|p=156}}

Witzig volunteered for military service in the [[Wehrmacht]] on 1 April 1935, as a ''[[Fahnenjunker]]'' (officer candidate), joining ''Pionier-Bataillon'' 16 (16th Pioneer Battalion) at [[Höxter]]. Starting in February 1936, he attended the ''[[Kriegsschule (Wehrmacht)|Kriegsschule]]'' (military school) at [[Dresden]].{{sfn|Stockert|2011|p=156}} Two years later, on 20 April 1937, he was promoted to ''[[Leutnant]]'' and served as a ''[[Zugführer (military)|Zugführer]]'' (platoon leader) in the 31st Pioneer Battalion. Witzig volunteered for service in the Fallschirmjäger on 1 August 1938, and joined the Parachute Infantry Battalion under the command of ''[[Major (Germany)|Major]]'' [[Richard Heidrich]]. A year later, after transferring to the [[Luftwaffe]] and then holding the rank of [[Oberleutnant]], he was leader of the ''[[Sturmabteilung Koch]]'' pioneer platoon. This unit was named after ''[[Hauptmann]]'' [[Walter Koch (Fallschirmjäger)|Walter Koch]].

==World War II==
Witzig's greatest military achievement was the capture of Fort Eben-Emael in the [[Battle of Fort Eben-Emael]] on 10 May 1940; that same day, Oberleutnant Witzig was awarded the [[Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross]] ({{lang|de|''Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes''}}). A special announcement of the ''[[Wehrmachtbericht]]'', a [[propaganda]] radio report, the first of two such mentions, on 11 May lauded the accomplishments of Witzig and his airborne landing group.

On 16 May 1940, Witzig was promoted to ''[[Hauptmann]]'' (captain). He was then posted to the ''[[Reichsluftfahrtministerium]]'' (RLM—Ministry of Aviation) in Berlin, serving as [[Hermann Göring]]'s adjutant in the ''Stabsamt'' (headquarters unit) of the RLM from 27 May until 31 July 1940.{{sfn|Stockert|2011|p=160}}

Rudolf Witzig led the 9th Company of the Parachute Assault Regiment during the [[Invasion of Crete]]. Wounded in the course of the battle, he was transferred from the Luftwaffe hospital in Athens to several other hospitals.

On 10 May 1942, Witzig was placed in command of the Corps Parachute Pioneer Battalion. He received promotion to Major on 24 August 1942. From November 1942, he and his battalion served in Tunisia under the command of ''Oberst'' [[Hasso von Manteuffel]], General [[Friedrich Freiherr von Broich]], and General [[Alfred Bülowius]], incorporated into the Barenthin Luftwaffe Regiment. The defensive successes in the northern sector of the Tunisian Front are closely linked with Rudolf Witzig.

Witzig served as the commanding officer of I Battalion, 21st Parachute Pioneer Regiment, from 15 June 1944, and simultaneously as commanding officer of the regiment. Witzig and his unit were mentioned a second time in the ''[[Wehrmachtbericht]]'' on 8 August 1944, after the destruction of 27 enemy tanks near [[Biała Piska|Kumele]].

His last service in World War II was as commanding officer of the 18th Parachute Regiment, from 16 December 1944. He was captured by the British on 8 May 1945 along with his regiment, and went into captivity. Witzig's last honor of the war had come the previous day, when his name was placed on the Honor Roll of the Luftwaffe.

==Later life==
Rudolf Witzig re-joined the military service in the newly created [[Bundeswehr]] of the [[Federal Republic of Germany]] on 16 January 1956. He retired on 30 September 1974 holding the rank of Oberst.

==Awards==
* [[Iron Cross]] (1939)
** 2nd Class (12 May 1940){{sfn|Thomas|Wegmann|1986|p=369}}{{sfn|Thomas|1998|p=454}}
** 1st Class (13 May 1940){{sfn|Thomas|Wegmann|1986|p=369}}{{sfn|Thomas|1998|p=454}}
* [[Wound Badge]] (1939) in Black (18 October 1941){{sfn|Thomas|Wegmann|1986|p=369}}
* [[Cuff title]]
** "Kreta" (12 November 1942){{sfn|Thomas|Wegmann|1986|p=369}}
** "Afrika" (6 January 1943){{sfn|Thomas|Wegmann|1986|p=369}}
* [[Ground Assault Badge of the Luftwaffe]] (1 August 1943){{sfn|Thomas|Wegmann|1986|p=369}}
* [[German Cross]] in Gold on 17 October 1943 as ''[[Major (Germany)|Major]]'' in the Korps-Fallschirm-Pionier-Bataillon/XI. Flieger-Korps{{sfn|Patzwall|Scherzer|2001|p=519}}
* [[Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves]]
** Knight's Cross on 10 May 1940 as ''[[Oberleutnant]]'' and leader of the Sturmgruppe "Granit" in the Fallschirmjäger-Sturm-Abteilung "Koch"{{sfn|Scherzer|2007|p=793}}{{sfn|Fellgiebel|2000|p=450}}{{sfn|Von Seemen|1976|p=363}}
** 662nd Oak Leaves on 25 November 1944 as ''Major'' and commander of the I./Fallschirm-Pionier-Regiment 21{{sfn|Scherzer|2007|p=793}}{{sfn|Fellgiebel|2000|p=92}}{{sfn|Von Seemen|1976|p=52}}
* Mentioned two times in the ''[[Wehrmachtbericht]]''
* Mentioned on Honor Roll of the Luftwaffe on 7 May 1945{{sfn|Thomas|Wegmann|1986|p=369}}

===Promotions===
{| style="background:none;"
! Wehrmacht
|-
| 20 April 1937: || ''[[Leutnant]]'' (second lieutenant), effective as of 1 April 1937 with rank age dated 1 April 1937{{sfn|Thomas|Wegmann|1986|p=369}}
|-
| 31 July 1939: || ''[[Oberleutnant]]'' (first lieutenant), effective as of 1 August 1939 with rank age dated 1 August 1939{{sfn|Thomas|Wegmann|1986|p=369}}
|-
| 16 May 1940: || ''[[Hauptmann]]'' (captain){{sfn|Thomas|Wegmann|1986|p=369}}
|-
| 24 August 1942: || ''[[Major (Germany)|Major]]'' (major), effective as of 1 September 1942 with rank age dated 1 September 1942{{sfn|Thomas|Wegmann|1986|p=369}}
|-
! Bundeswehr
|-
| 16 January 1956: || ''[[Oberstleutnant]]'' (lieutenant colonel), effective as of 23 December 1955{{sfn|Thomas|Wegmann|1986|p=369}}
|-
| 26 June 1956: || named a professional soldier{{sfn|Thomas|Wegmann|1986|p=369}}
|-
| 18 October 1965: || ''[[Oberst]]'' (colonel), effective as of 1 October 1965{{sfn|Thomas|Wegmann|1986|p=369}}
|}

==References==

===Citations===
{{Reflist|25em}}

===Bibliography===
{{Refbegin|30em}}
* {{Cite book
|last=Fellgiebel
|first=Walther-Peer
|authorlink=Walther-Peer Fellgiebel
|year=2000
|origyear=1986
|title=Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile
|trans_title=The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945 — The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches
|language=German
|location=Friedberg, Germany
|publisher=Podzun-Pallas
|isbn=978-3-7909-0284-6
|ref=harv
}}
* {{Cite book
|last=Kurowski
|first=Franz
|year=1995
|title=Knights of the Wehrmacht Knight's Cross Holders of the Fallschirmjäger
|location=Atglen, PA
|publisher=[[Schiffer Publishing|Schiffer Military]]
|isbn=978-0-88740-749-9
|ref=harv
}}
* {{Cite book
|last1=Patzwall
|first1=Klaus D.
|last2=Scherzer
|first2=Veit
|year=2001
|title=Das Deutsche Kreuz 1941 – 1945 Geschichte und Inhaber Band II
|trans_title=The German Cross 1941 – 1945 History and Recipients Volume 2
|language=German
|location=Norderstedt, Germany
|publisher=Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall
|isbn=978-3-931533-45-8
|ref=harv
}}
* {{Cite book
|last=Scherzer
|first=Veit
|year=2007
|title=Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives
|trans_title=The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives
|language=German
|location=Jena, Germany
|publisher=Scherzers Miltaer-Verlag
|isbn=978-3-938845-17-2
|ref=harv
}}
* {{Cite book
|last=Stockert
|first=Peter
|year=2011
|edition=2nd
|title=Die Eichenlaubträger 1939–1945 Band 7
|trans_title=The Oak Leaves Bearers 1939–1945 Volume 7
|language=German
|location=Bad Friedrichshall, Germany
|publisher=Friedrichshaller Rundblick
|oclc=76072662
|ref=harv
}}
* {{Cite book
|last1=Thomas
|first1=Franz
|last2=Wegmann
|first2=Günter
|year=1986
|title=Die Ritterkreuzträger der Deutschen Wehrmacht 1939–1945 Teil II: Fallschirmjäger
|trans_title=The Knight's Cross Bearers of the German Wehrmacht 1939–1945 Part II: Paratroopers
|language=German
|location=Osnabrück, Germany
|publisher=Biblio-Verlag
|isbn=978-3-7648-1461-8
|ref=harv
}}
* {{Cite book
|last=Thomas
|first=Franz
|year=1998
|title=Die Eichenlaubträger 1939–1945 Band 2: L–Z
|trans_title=The Oak Leaves Bearers 1939–1945 Volume 2: L–Z
|language=German
|location=Osnabrück, Germany
|publisher=Biblio-Verlag
|isbn=978-3-7648-2300-9
|ref=harv
}}
* {{Cite book
|last=Von Seemen
|first=Gerhard
|year=1976
|title=Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 : die Ritterkreuzträger sämtlicher Wehrmachtteile, Brillanten-, Schwerter- und Eichenlaubträger in der Reihenfolge der Verleihung : Anhang mit Verleihungsbestimmungen und weiteren Angaben
|trans_title=The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 : The Knight's Cross Bearers of All the Armed Services, Diamonds, Swords and Oak Leaves Bearers in the Order of Presentation: Appendix with Further Information and Presentation Requirements
|language=German
|location=Friedberg, Germany
|publisher=Podzun-Verlag
|isbn=978-3-7909-0051-4
|ref=harv
}}
* {{Cite book
|last1=Williamson
|first1=Gordon
|last2=Bujeiro
|first2=Ramiro
|year=2004
|title=Knight's Cross and Oak Leaves Recipients 1939–40
|location=Oxford, UK
|publisher=[[Osprey Publishing]]
|isbn=978-1-84176-641-6
}}
* {{Cite book
|year=1985
|title=Die Wehrmachtberichte 1939–1945 Band 1, 1. September 1939 bis 31. Dezember 1941
|trans_title=The Wehrmacht Reports 1939–1945 Volume 1, 1 September 1939 to 31 December 1941
|language=German
|location=München, Germany
|publisher=Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag GmbH & Co. KG
|isbn=978-3-423-05944-2
|ref={{sfnRef|The Wehrmacht Reports 1939–1945 Volume 1}}
}}
* {{Cite book
|year=1985
|title=Die Wehrmachtberichte 1939–1945 Band 3, 1. Januar 1944 bis 9. Mai 1945
|trans_title=The Wehrmacht Reports 1939–1945 Volume 3, 1 January 1944 to 9 May 1945
|language=German
|location=München, Germany
|publisher=Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag GmbH & Co. KG
|isbn=978-3-423-05944-2
|ref={{sfnRef|The Wehrmacht Reports 1939–1945 Volume 3}}
}}
* [[Gerhard Frey (politician)|Frey, Gerhard]]; [[Hajo Herrmann|Herrmann, Hajo]]: ''Helden der Wehrmacht II - Unsterbliche deutsche Soldaten'' (in German). München, Germany: FZ-Verlag GmbH, 2003. ISBN 3-924309-62-0.
{{Refend}}

==External links==
* {{Cite journal
|work=[[Der Spiegel]]
|volume=20
|year=1959
|title=Todesfall: Beileid auf Befehl
|trans_title=Fatality: Condolences on Command
|url=http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-46162554.html
|language=German
|issn=0038-7452
|accessdate=4 May 2016
}}

{{KCwithOL}}
{{Knight's Cross recipients of the Fallschirmjäger}}
{{Knight's Cross recipients in the Bundeswehr and Bundesgrenzschutz}}

{{Authority control}}
{{Subject bar
| portal1=Biography
| portal2=Military of Germany
| portal3=World War II
}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Witzig, Rudolf}}
[[Category:1916 births]]
[[Category:2001 deaths]]
[[Category:People from the Province of Westphalia]]
[[Category:Fallschirmjäger of World War II]]
[[Category:German Army personnel]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Gold German Cross]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves]]
[[Category:Military personnel referenced in the Wehrmachtbericht]]

Revision as of 20:23, 24 February 2017

Rudolf Witzig
File:Rudolf Witzig.jpg
Rudolf Witzig
Born(1916-08-14)14 August 1916
Röhlinghausen in Wanne-Eickel
Died3 October 2001(2001-10-03) (aged 85)
Oberschleißheim
Allegiance Nazi Germany (to 1945)
 West Germany
Service/branchLuftwaffe
Years of service1935–45, 1956–74
RankMajor (Wehrmacht)
Oberst (Bundeswehr)
Commands heldI./Fallschirm-Pionier-Regiment 21
Fallschirmjäger-Regiment 18
Battles/warsWorld War II
AwardsKnight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves

Rudolf Witzig (14 August 1916 in Röhlinghausen, Wanne-Eickel – 3 October 2001 in Oberschleißheim) was a German Fallschirmjäger during World War II and Oberst in the Bundeswehr. He was also a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross and its higher grade Oak Leaves was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership. Witzig fought in the German attack against the Belgian fortress Fort Eben-Emael.

Early life and career

Witzig, the son of an engineer, was born on 14 August 1916 in Röhlinghausen, present-day a borough of Herne, at the time in the Province of Westphalia of the Kingdom of Prussia. In 1927, the family moved to Kiel where Witzig graduated from a Realgymnasium—a secondary school built on the mid-level Realschule to achieve the Abitur (university entry qualification).[1]

Witzig volunteered for military service in the Wehrmacht on 1 April 1935, as a Fahnenjunker (officer candidate), joining Pionier-Bataillon 16 (16th Pioneer Battalion) at Höxter. Starting in February 1936, he attended the Kriegsschule (military school) at Dresden.[1] Two years later, on 20 April 1937, he was promoted to Leutnant and served as a Zugführer (platoon leader) in the 31st Pioneer Battalion. Witzig volunteered for service in the Fallschirmjäger on 1 August 1938, and joined the Parachute Infantry Battalion under the command of Major Richard Heidrich. A year later, after transferring to the Luftwaffe and then holding the rank of Oberleutnant, he was leader of the Sturmabteilung Koch pioneer platoon. This unit was named after Hauptmann Walter Koch.

World War II

Witzig's greatest military achievement was the capture of Fort Eben-Emael in the Battle of Fort Eben-Emael on 10 May 1940; that same day, Oberleutnant Witzig was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross ([Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)). A special announcement of the Wehrmachtbericht, a propaganda radio report, the first of two such mentions, on 11 May lauded the accomplishments of Witzig and his airborne landing group.

On 16 May 1940, Witzig was promoted to Hauptmann (captain). He was then posted to the Reichsluftfahrtministerium (RLM—Ministry of Aviation) in Berlin, serving as Hermann Göring's adjutant in the Stabsamt (headquarters unit) of the RLM from 27 May until 31 July 1940.[2]

Rudolf Witzig led the 9th Company of the Parachute Assault Regiment during the Invasion of Crete. Wounded in the course of the battle, he was transferred from the Luftwaffe hospital in Athens to several other hospitals.

On 10 May 1942, Witzig was placed in command of the Corps Parachute Pioneer Battalion. He received promotion to Major on 24 August 1942. From November 1942, he and his battalion served in Tunisia under the command of Oberst Hasso von Manteuffel, General Friedrich Freiherr von Broich, and General Alfred Bülowius, incorporated into the Barenthin Luftwaffe Regiment. The defensive successes in the northern sector of the Tunisian Front are closely linked with Rudolf Witzig.

Witzig served as the commanding officer of I Battalion, 21st Parachute Pioneer Regiment, from 15 June 1944, and simultaneously as commanding officer of the regiment. Witzig and his unit were mentioned a second time in the Wehrmachtbericht on 8 August 1944, after the destruction of 27 enemy tanks near Kumele.

His last service in World War II was as commanding officer of the 18th Parachute Regiment, from 16 December 1944. He was captured by the British on 8 May 1945 along with his regiment, and went into captivity. Witzig's last honor of the war had come the previous day, when his name was placed on the Honor Roll of the Luftwaffe.

Later life

Rudolf Witzig re-joined the military service in the newly created Bundeswehr of the Federal Republic of Germany on 16 January 1956. He retired on 30 September 1974 holding the rank of Oberst.

Awards

Promotions

Wehrmacht
20 April 1937: Leutnant (second lieutenant), effective as of 1 April 1937 with rank age dated 1 April 1937[3]
31 July 1939: Oberleutnant (first lieutenant), effective as of 1 August 1939 with rank age dated 1 August 1939[3]
16 May 1940: Hauptmann (captain)[3]
24 August 1942: Major (major), effective as of 1 September 1942 with rank age dated 1 September 1942[3]
Bundeswehr
16 January 1956: Oberstleutnant (lieutenant colonel), effective as of 23 December 1955[3]
26 June 1956: named a professional soldier[3]
18 October 1965: Oberst (colonel), effective as of 1 October 1965[3]

References

Citations

  1. ^ a b Stockert 2011, p. 156.
  2. ^ Stockert 2011, p. 160.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Thomas & Wegmann 1986, p. 369.
  4. ^ a b Thomas 1998, p. 454.
  5. ^ Patzwall & Scherzer 2001, p. 519.
  6. ^ a b Scherzer 2007, p. 793.
  7. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 450.
  8. ^ Von Seemen 1976, p. 363.
  9. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 92.
  10. ^ Von Seemen 1976, p. 52.

Bibliography

  • Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer (2000) [1986]. Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile (in German). Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas. ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help); Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  • Kurowski, Franz (1995). Knights of the Wehrmacht Knight's Cross Holders of the Fallschirmjäger. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Military. ISBN 978-0-88740-749-9. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Patzwall, Klaus D.; Scherzer, Veit (2001). Das Deutsche Kreuz 1941 – 1945 Geschichte und Inhaber Band II (in German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall. ISBN 978-3-931533-45-8. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help); Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  • Scherzer, Veit (2007). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Miltaer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help); Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  • Stockert, Peter (2011). Die Eichenlaubträger 1939–1945 Band 7 (in German) (2nd ed.). Bad Friedrichshall, Germany: Friedrichshaller Rundblick. OCLC 76072662. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help); Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  • Thomas, Franz; Wegmann, Günter (1986). Die Ritterkreuzträger der Deutschen Wehrmacht 1939–1945 Teil II: Fallschirmjäger (in German). Osnabrück, Germany: Biblio-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-7648-1461-8. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help); Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  • Thomas, Franz (1998). Die Eichenlaubträger 1939–1945 Band 2: L–Z (in German). Osnabrück, Germany: Biblio-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-7648-2300-9. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help); Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  • Von Seemen, Gerhard (1976). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 : die Ritterkreuzträger sämtlicher Wehrmachtteile, Brillanten-, Schwerter- und Eichenlaubträger in der Reihenfolge der Verleihung : Anhang mit Verleihungsbestimmungen und weiteren Angaben (in German). Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-7909-0051-4. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help); Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  • Williamson, Gordon; Bujeiro, Ramiro (2004). Knight's Cross and Oak Leaves Recipients 1939–40. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84176-641-6.
  • Die Wehrmachtberichte 1939–1945 Band 1, 1. September 1939 bis 31. Dezember 1941 (in German). München, Germany: Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag GmbH & Co. KG. 1985. ISBN 978-3-423-05944-2. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  • Die Wehrmachtberichte 1939–1945 Band 3, 1. Januar 1944 bis 9. Mai 1945 (in German). München, Germany: Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag GmbH & Co. KG. 1985. ISBN 978-3-423-05944-2. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  • Frey, Gerhard; Herrmann, Hajo: Helden der Wehrmacht II - Unsterbliche deutsche Soldaten (in German). München, Germany: FZ-Verlag GmbH, 2003. ISBN 3-924309-62-0.

External links

Template:KCwithOL Template:Knight's Cross recipients of the Fallschirmjäger Template:Knight's Cross recipients in the Bundeswehr and Bundesgrenzschutz

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