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{{for|the genus of scale insects|Coccus (insect)}} |
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This is TRASH!!! DO NOT USE WIKAPEDIA AGAIN!! |
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{{redirect|Cocci|the fungal disease|Coccidioidomycosis}} |
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{{distinguish|Cocchi}} |
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[[File:Arrangement of cocci bacteria en.svg|thumb|300px]] |
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[[File:Staphylococcus aureus Gram.jpg|thumb|300px|''Staphylococcus'' bacteria]] |
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A '''coccus''' (plural '''cocci''') is any [[bacterium]] or [[archaeon]] that has a spherical, ovoid, or generally round shape.<ref name="arrangement">{{cite book|last1=Pommerville|first1=J.C.|title=Fundamentals of Microbiology|date=2013|publisher=Jones & Bartlett|location=Sudbury, MA|isbn=9781449647964|page=106|edition=10th}}</ref> It is one of the three distinct bacterial shapes, the other two being [[bacillus (shape)|bacillus]] (rod-shaped) and [[spiral bacteria |spiral-shaped]] cells. |
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Cocci is an English [[loanword]] of a [[New Latin|modern or neo-Latin]] noun, which in turn stems from the [[Ancient Greek language|Greek]] masculine noun ''cóccos (κόκκος)'' meaning "berry".<ref>{{LSJ|ko/kkos|κόκκος|ref}}</ref> |
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== Arrangements == |
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Cocci may occur as single cells or remain attached following cell division. Those that remain attached can be classified based on cellular arrangement:<ref name="arrangement"/> |
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*'''[[Diplococci]]''' are pairs of cocci (e.g. ''[[Streptococcus pneumoniae]]'' and ''[[Neisseria gonorrhoeae]]'') |
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*'''[[Streptococci]]''' are chains of cocci (e.g. ''[[Streptococcus pyogenes]]''). |
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*'''[[Staphylococci]]''' are irregular (grape-like) clusters of cocci (e.g. ''[[Staphylococcus aureus]]''). |
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*'''[[wikt:tetrad|Tetrads]]''' are clusters of four cocci arranged within the same plane (e.g. ''[[Micrococcus]] sp.''). |
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*'''[[Sarcina (genus)|''Sarcina'']]''' is a genus of bacteria that are found in cuboidal arrangements of eight cocci. |
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== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2011}} |
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{{Bacteria}} |
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[[Category:Bacteria]] |
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Revision as of 23:00, 22 October 2018
A coccus (plural cocci) is any bacterium or archaeon that has a spherical, ovoid, or generally round shape.[1] It is one of the three distinct bacterial shapes, the other two being bacillus (rod-shaped) and spiral-shaped cells.
Cocci is an English loanword of a modern or neo-Latin noun, which in turn stems from the Greek masculine noun cóccos (κόκκος) meaning "berry".[2]
Arrangements
Cocci may occur as single cells or remain attached following cell division. Those that remain attached can be classified based on cellular arrangement:[1]
- Diplococci are pairs of cocci (e.g. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria gonorrhoeae)
- Streptococci are chains of cocci (e.g. Streptococcus pyogenes).
- Staphylococci are irregular (grape-like) clusters of cocci (e.g. Staphylococcus aureus).
- Tetrads are clusters of four cocci arranged within the same plane (e.g. Micrococcus sp.).
- Sarcina is a genus of bacteria that are found in cuboidal arrangements of eight cocci.
References
- ^ a b Pommerville, J.C. (2013). Fundamentals of Microbiology (10th ed.). Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett. p. 106. ISBN 9781449647964.
- ^ κόκκος. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
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