LionzPunjab (talk | contribs) Undid revision 736886759 by Sitush (talk) Stop undoing this unnecessarily and vandalizing the article. All sources are valid. |
|||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Multiple issues| |
|||
{{prose|date=January 2010}} |
|||
{{confusing|date=January 2010}} |
|||
{{cleanup|date=January 2010}} |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Infobox settlement |
{{Infobox settlement |
||
| name = Patti |
| name = Patti |
||
| Line 34: | Line 28: | ||
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]] |
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]] |
||
| subdivision_name2 = [[Tarn taran district|Tarn Taran]] |
| subdivision_name2 = [[Tarn taran district|Tarn Taran]] |
||
| subdivision_type3 = Region |
|||
| subdivision_name3 = [[Majha]] |
|||
| established_title = <!-- Established --> |
| established_title = <!-- Established --> |
||
| established_date = |
| established_date = |
||
| Line 65: | Line 61: | ||
| footnotes = |
| footnotes = |
||
}} |
}} |
||
'''Patti''' is an old town and a [[municipal council]] of the [[Tarn Taran district]] in the [[Majha]] region of [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]], located 45 km from [[Amritsar]]. It is the main town on the border belt of India bordering Pakistan. It is connected through rail starting from Amritsar station to [[Khemkaran]] station, with Khemkaran being |
'''Patti''' is an old town and a [[municipal council]] of the [[Tarn Taran district]] in the [[Majha]] region of [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]], located 45 km from [[Amritsar]]. It is the main town on the border belt of India bordering Pakistan. It is connected through rail starting from Amritsar station to [[Khemkaran]] station, with Khemkaran being the last station of India. |
||
Patti was a residence of Rai Duni Chand, a rich landlord, one of whose daughters, Bibi Rajni was a known devotee of Guru Ram Das Ji.<ref>The Golden Temple Amritsar official site. http://www.goldentempleamritsar.org/places-to-visit-in-golden-temple-amritsar/dukh-bhanjani-beri.php</ref> Mughal Governor of Punjab during Mughal period also lived in Patti. Before independence, Patti was a Tehsil of the Lahore district. The town houses the historic Mughal Fort and remains of the |
It has been an important hub of power and trade of Panjab during medieval India.<ref name="medievalPatti"/> Patti was a residence of Rai Duni Chand, a rich landlord, one of whose daughters, Bibi Rajni was a known devotee of Guru Ram Das Ji.<ref>The Golden Temple Amritsar official site. http://www.goldentempleamritsar.org/places-to-visit-in-golden-temple-amritsar/dukh-bhanjani-beri.php</ref> Mughal Governor of Punjab during Mughal period also lived in Patti. Before independence, Patti was a Tehsil of the Lahore district. The town houses the historic Mughal Fort and remains of the town wall. It also houses a number of other historical and religious places. |
||
| ⚫ | Before [[Partition of India|partition]] Patti was a tehsil of the Lahore district. After bifurcation of Amritsar revenue district, it is part of the Tarn Taran district. The town is situated on a mound which adds to its altitude. To the south-east of the town is a smaller but higher mound which projects a Shiv Temple. Patti houses a fortress built in 1755 A.D. which housed the local police station up-till the year 2003.<ref name="kartarpur.com"/> |
||
==Etymology== |
==Etymology== |
||
Patti (Punjabi: ਪੱਟੀ) in Punjabi means street. The town was also known as 'Nau [[lakh|Lakhi]] Patti', due to the wealth and revenue it generated during medieval India.<ref name="medievalPatti"/> The town's name was changed to 'Patti-Haibatpur' named after Haibat Khan by Abul Fazl at the time of [[Humayun]] under Mughal rule,<ref>Sir Alexander Cunningham. The Ancient Geography of India: I. The Buddhist Period, Including The Campaigns of Alexander, And The Travels of Hwen-Thsang. London: Trubner And Co., 60, Paternoster Row. 1871.</ref> but it was renamed back to Patti when the locals reclaimed it back from Mughals. |
|||
Patti (Punjabi: ਪੱਟੀ) in Punjabi means street. The original name of this town was Patti Haibatpura, but over a certain period Patti became its name and stuck with it.<ref name="kartarpur.com">[http://www.kartarpur.com/Arch/patti.htm Patti ''from kartarpur.com'']</ref> It was also known as 9 [[lakh]]i Patti, due to the wealth and revenue it generated during medieval days. |
|||
==History== |
==History== |
||
Patti is one of the oldest towns of the Panjab region, identified as old as 7th century.<ref>Reeta Grewal. Urban Patterns in the Punjab Region |
|||
Before [[Partition of India|partition]] Patti was a tehsil of Lahore district. After bifurcation of Amritsar revenue district it becomes part of the newly created Tarn Taran district. Patti has been a power centre and by some estimates it has been so for as long as 1000 years. In the medieval days it was known as 9 [[lakh]]i Patti. That means it generated high revenue of 9 Lakhs. The town has stories of a certain haveli of its rulers Mirzas, which was destroyed to farming activity, as they migrated to Lahore (Pakistan) in 1947.<ref name="kartarpur.com"/> |
|||
since Protohistoric Times. Panjab University, Chandigarh |
|||
http://www.global.ucsb.edu/punjab/sites/secure.lsit.ucsb.edu.gisp.d7_sp/files/sitefiles/journals/volume20/12-Reeta%20Sharma%2020.pdf</ref> It has been an important center of power, trade and industry of Panjab during medieval India.<ref name="medievalPatti">Studies in History, Volume 1, Issue 2. Page 208. 1979</ref> In the medieval days it was known as Nau(9)-Lakhi Patti, which means that it generated high revenues of up to 9 Lakhs. Due to this reason, it has been an attractive place for foreign looters and invaders, such as [[Pathans of Punjab|Pathans]] and [[Mughals]]. |
|||
When [[Mughals]] invaded India, they tried to rush upon the Sikhs of Patti with a view to drive them out of their town but the people of Patti retaliated against Mughals.<ref>Mohibbul Hasan. Historians of Medieval India. Meenakshi Prakashan, 1968 - India - 290 pages</ref> Patti was eventually taken back by the local residents and remained under the [[Jat]] Zamindars [[parganas]] with a military strength of 700 cavalry and 10000 infantry.<ref>Dr. Vir Singh. The Jats: Their Role & Contribution to the Socio-economic Life and Polity of North & North-west India, Volume 2. Originals, 1 Jan 2006</ref> The Jats being the dominant caste around the area of Patti replaced Patti from the Afghan invaders.<ref>Social Sciences Research Journal - Volume 7. Panjab University 1982. Page 78</ref> |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
Patti finds rich references in the Sikh history especially when there were increased atrocities from declining [[mughals]] on Sikh Jatthedars (raiders) who looted the residents of the |
Patti finds rich references in the Sikh history especially when there were increased atrocities from declining [[mughals]] on Sikh Jatthedars (raiders) who looted the residents of the town. The fortress of Patti built by Mughals in 1755 A.D. was used to prosecute rebellions. The tales of which became a part of everyday [[Ardās|Sikh prayer]].<ref name="kartarpur.com"/> |
||
In the battle of [[misls]], Patti was ultimately won by Faisailpuria(Singhpuria) Misl. Rumours suggest that [[Ranjit Singh|Maharaja Ranjit Singh]] sent his army to siege the town when Mirza Talib Ali Baig rebelled against him for Sikh atrocities on Muslims, particularly banning of their call for prayer (Azan). During this siege, part of the outer wall was demolished. |
In the battle of [[misls]], Patti was ultimately won by Faisailpuria (Singhpuria) Misl. Rumours suggest that [[Ranjit Singh|Maharaja Ranjit Singh]] sent his army to siege the town when Mirza Talib Ali Baig rebelled against him for Sikh atrocities on Muslims, particularly banning of their call for prayer (Azan). During this siege, part of the outer wall was demolished. |
||
Patti is also referenced as a place of the [[Pir (Sufism)]] and there were many houses of Pirs who belonged to Gillani's family.<ref name="kartarpur.com"/> |
Patti is also referenced as a place of the [[Pir (Sufism)]] and there were many houses of Pirs who belonged to Gillani's family.<ref name="kartarpur.com"/> The town has stories of a certain haveli of its rulers Mirzas, which was destroyed to farming activity, as they migrated to Lahore (Pakistan) in 1947.<ref name="kartarpur.com">http://www.kartarpur.com/Arch/patti.htm</ref> |
||
==Institutions== |
==Institutions== |
||
| Line 108: | Line 108: | ||
*Sacred Heart Convent School, Thakkarpura, Patti, |
*Sacred Heart Convent School, Thakkarpura, Patti, |
||
S.U.S. Convent School, Sarhali Road Patti |
S.U.S. Convent School, Sarhali Road Patti |
||
==Villages of Patti== |
|||
Ahmedpura Akbarpura Algon Alipur Amin Shah Amirke Asal Asal Uttar Bahadur Nagar Bahmani Wala Bainka Balarke Baler Ballian Wala Bangla Rai Bargari Barwala Basarke Bathe Bhaini Begepur Beharwal Bhadal Bhaggupura Bhagwan Pura Bhaini Gurmukh Singh Bhaini Massa Singh Bhaneke Bhangala Bhaowal Bhojoke Bhura Hithar Bhura Karimpura Bhura Kohna Boparai Buh Bur Chand Burj Deva Singh Burj Puhla |
|||
==Demographics== |
==Demographics== |
||
{{As of|2001}} India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archivedate=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|accessdate=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Patti had a population of 34,432. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Patti has an average literacy rate of 65%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 70%, and female literacy is 60%. In Patti, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age. |
{{As of|2001}} India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archivedate=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|accessdate=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Patti had a population of 34,432. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Patti has an average literacy rate of 65%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 70%, and female literacy is 60%. In Patti, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age. |
||
==Notable residents== |
|||
* '''[[Baj Singh|Sardar Baj Singh Bal]]''', one of the bravest Jat warriors of Patti in the eighteenth-century who fought with Banda Singh Bahadur, became the first governor of Khalsa Raj, and a great martyr.<ref>J. S. Grewal. Sikh Ideology Polity, and Social Order: From Guru Nanak to Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Manohar, 1 Jan 2007 - Sikhism - 303 pages.</ref> |
|||
* '''Sardar Nidhan Singh Waraich''', husband of [[Mai Bhago]], and one of the 'Chalih Muktay' or 40 Sikhs who fought ferociously and embraced martyrdom in battle at Mukatsar, on December 29, 1705. |
|||
* '''[[Sardar Bhagwant Singh Bangeshwar|Sardar Bhagwant Singh]]''', elder brother of Sardar Baj Singh Bal, was a great Sikh warrior who conquered and ruled Bangash of Pakistan in the 18th century. |
|||
* '''[[Sukhdev Singh Babbar|Jathedar Sukhdev Singh Babbar]]''', leader of the [[Babbar Khalsa International]] (BKI). |
|||
==References== |
==References== |
||
Revision as of 13:47, 30 August 2016
Patti
ਪੱਟੀ | |
|---|---|
city | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Punjab |
| District | Tarn Taran |
| Region | Majha |
| Elevation | 209 m (686 ft) |
| Population (2001) | |
| • Total | 34,432 |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Punjabi |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Telephone code | 01851[area code] |
Patti is an old town and a municipal council of the Tarn Taran district in the Majha region of Indian state of Punjab, located 45 km from Amritsar. It is the main town on the border belt of India bordering Pakistan. It is connected through rail starting from Amritsar station to Khemkaran station, with Khemkaran being the last station of India.
It has been an important hub of power and trade of Panjab during medieval India.[1] Patti was a residence of Rai Duni Chand, a rich landlord, one of whose daughters, Bibi Rajni was a known devotee of Guru Ram Das Ji.[2] Mughal Governor of Punjab during Mughal period also lived in Patti. Before independence, Patti was a Tehsil of the Lahore district. The town houses the historic Mughal Fort and remains of the town wall. It also houses a number of other historical and religious places.
Before partition Patti was a tehsil of the Lahore district. After bifurcation of Amritsar revenue district, it is part of the Tarn Taran district. The town is situated on a mound which adds to its altitude. To the south-east of the town is a smaller but higher mound which projects a Shiv Temple. Patti houses a fortress built in 1755 A.D. which housed the local police station up-till the year 2003.[3]
Etymology
Patti (Punjabi: ਪੱਟੀ) in Punjabi means street. The town was also known as 'Nau Lakhi Patti', due to the wealth and revenue it generated during medieval India.[1] The town's name was changed to 'Patti-Haibatpur' named after Haibat Khan by Abul Fazl at the time of Humayun under Mughal rule,[4] but it was renamed back to Patti when the locals reclaimed it back from Mughals.
History
Patti is one of the oldest towns of the Panjab region, identified as old as 7th century.[5] It has been an important center of power, trade and industry of Panjab during medieval India.[1] In the medieval days it was known as Nau(9)-Lakhi Patti, which means that it generated high revenues of up to 9 Lakhs. Due to this reason, it has been an attractive place for foreign looters and invaders, such as Pathans and Mughals.
When Mughals invaded India, they tried to rush upon the Sikhs of Patti with a view to drive them out of their town but the people of Patti retaliated against Mughals.[6] Patti was eventually taken back by the local residents and remained under the Jat Zamindars parganas with a military strength of 700 cavalry and 10000 infantry.[7] The Jats being the dominant caste around the area of Patti replaced Patti from the Afghan invaders.[8]
Patti finds rich references in the Sikh history especially when there were increased atrocities from declining mughals on Sikh Jatthedars (raiders) who looted the residents of the town. The fortress of Patti built by Mughals in 1755 A.D. was used to prosecute rebellions. The tales of which became a part of everyday Sikh prayer.[3]
In the battle of misls, Patti was ultimately won by Faisailpuria (Singhpuria) Misl. Rumours suggest that Maharaja Ranjit Singh sent his army to siege the town when Mirza Talib Ali Baig rebelled against him for Sikh atrocities on Muslims, particularly banning of their call for prayer (Azan). During this siege, part of the outer wall was demolished.
Patti is also referenced as a place of the Pir (Sufism) and there were many houses of Pirs who belonged to Gillani's family.[3] The town has stories of a certain haveli of its rulers Mirzas, which was destroyed to farming activity, as they migrated to Lahore (Pakistan) in 1947.[3]
Institutions
Patti has many Government and Private educational institutions. Some of them are listed by
- Kalgidhar Academy Public School Khem Karan Road, Near Ware House, Tehsil Patti, Bhikhiwind Distt, Tarn Taran,
- Government Elementary School, Garden Colony, Patti,
- Government Elementary School, Kahiyan Wala Chowk, Patti,
- Government Girls Senior Secondary School, Patti,
- Government Boys Senior Secondary School, Patti
- Wood Blossom School, Garden Colony, Patti Wood Blossom School
- Sh. G. M Arya Sen.Sec. School for Girls, Patti
- Mahavir Jain Model School
- D.A.V Sen.Sec.School, Patti
- Shri Guru Harkrishan Public School
- Dashmesh Public School
- Central Convent Senior Secondary School, Patti(C.B.S.E Affiliated)
- St. Farid Public School, Sarhali Road, Patti.
- Shaheed Bhagat Singh High School
- Government College, Patti
- Shaheed Bhagat Singh College of Pharmacy, Patti,
- Shaheed Bhagat Singh College of Education, Kairon Road, Patti,
- Shaheed Bhagat Singh Polytechnic College, Patti,
- Shiv Shankar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patti,
- Government Elementary School, ward No.2, Patti
- Futech Computer Education Centre, Near Punjab&Sind bank,patti
- Sacred Heart Convent School, Thakkarpura, Patti,
S.U.S. Convent School, Sarhali Road Patti
Villages of Patti
Ahmedpura Akbarpura Algon Alipur Amin Shah Amirke Asal Asal Uttar Bahadur Nagar Bahmani Wala Bainka Balarke Baler Ballian Wala Bangla Rai Bargari Barwala Basarke Bathe Bhaini Begepur Beharwal Bhadal Bhaggupura Bhagwan Pura Bhaini Gurmukh Singh Bhaini Massa Singh Bhaneke Bhangala Bhaowal Bhojoke Bhura Hithar Bhura Karimpura Bhura Kohna Boparai Buh Bur Chand Burj Deva Singh Burj Puhla
Demographics
As of 2001[update] India census,[9] Patti had a population of 34,432. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Patti has an average literacy rate of 65%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 70%, and female literacy is 60%. In Patti, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Notable residents
- Sardar Baj Singh Bal, one of the bravest Jat warriors of Patti in the eighteenth-century who fought with Banda Singh Bahadur, became the first governor of Khalsa Raj, and a great martyr.[10]
- Sardar Nidhan Singh Waraich, husband of Mai Bhago, and one of the 'Chalih Muktay' or 40 Sikhs who fought ferociously and embraced martyrdom in battle at Mukatsar, on December 29, 1705.
- Sardar Bhagwant Singh, elder brother of Sardar Baj Singh Bal, was a great Sikh warrior who conquered and ruled Bangash of Pakistan in the 18th century.
- Jathedar Sukhdev Singh Babbar, leader of the Babbar Khalsa International (BKI).
References
- ^ a b c Studies in History, Volume 1, Issue 2. Page 208. 1979
- ^ The Golden Temple Amritsar official site. http://www.goldentempleamritsar.org/places-to-visit-in-golden-temple-amritsar/dukh-bhanjani-beri.php
- ^ a b c d http://www.kartarpur.com/Arch/patti.htm
- ^ Sir Alexander Cunningham. The Ancient Geography of India: I. The Buddhist Period, Including The Campaigns of Alexander, And The Travels of Hwen-Thsang. London: Trubner And Co., 60, Paternoster Row. 1871.
- ^ Reeta Grewal. Urban Patterns in the Punjab Region since Protohistoric Times. Panjab University, Chandigarh http://www.global.ucsb.edu/punjab/sites/secure.lsit.ucsb.edu.gisp.d7_sp/files/sitefiles/journals/volume20/12-Reeta%20Sharma%2020.pdf
- ^ Mohibbul Hasan. Historians of Medieval India. Meenakshi Prakashan, 1968 - India - 290 pages
- ^ Dr. Vir Singh. The Jats: Their Role & Contribution to the Socio-economic Life and Polity of North & North-west India, Volume 2. Originals, 1 Jan 2006
- ^ Social Sciences Research Journal - Volume 7. Panjab University 1982. Page 78
- ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
- ^ J. S. Grewal. Sikh Ideology Polity, and Social Order: From Guru Nanak to Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Manohar, 1 Jan 2007 - Sikhism - 303 pages.