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==Notable residents==
==Notable residents==
* '''Sardar Baj Singh Bal''', a Jat of Patti, one of the bravest warriors, led Sikh contingents under his command and liberated the Sarhind Province and was appointed as a custodian of Sirhind by Banda Singh Bahadur.<ref>J. S. Grewal. Sikh Ideology Polity, and Social Order: From Guru Nanak to Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Manohar, 1 Jan 2007 - Sikhism - 303 pages.</ref>
* '''[[Baj Singh|Sardar Baj Singh Bal]]''', one of the bravest Jat warriors of Patti in the eighteenth-century who fought with Banda Singh Bahadur, became the first governor of Khalsa Raj, and a great martyr.<ref>J. S. Grewal. Sikh Ideology Polity, and Social Order: From Guru Nanak to Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Manohar, 1 Jan 2007 - Sikhism - 303 pages.</ref>
* '''Sardar Nidhan Singh Waraich''', husband of [[Mai Bhago]], and one of the 'Chalih Muktay' or 40 Sikhs who fought ferociously and embraced martyrdom in battle at Mukatsar, on December 29, 1705.
* '''Sardar Nidhan Singh Waraich''', husband of [[Mai Bhago]], and one of the 'Chalih Muktay' or 40 Sikhs who fought ferociously and embraced martyrdom in battle at Mukatsar, on December 29, 1705.
* '''[[Sardar Bhagwant Singh Bangeshwar|Sardar Bhagwant Singh]]''', elder brother of Sardar Baj Singh Bal, was a great Sikh warrior who conquered and ruled Bangash of Pakistan in the 18th century.


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 09:13, 29 August 2016

Patti
ਪੱਟੀ
city
Country India
StatePunjab
DistrictTarn Taran
RegionMajha
Elevation
209 m (686 ft)
Population
 (2001)
 • Total34,432
Languages
 • OfficialPunjabi
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
Telephone code01851[area code]

Patti is an old town and a municipal council of the Tarn Taran district in the Majha region of Indian state of Punjab, located 45 km from Amritsar. It is the main town on the border belt of India bordering Pakistan. It is connected through rail starting from Amritsar station to Khemkaran station, with Khemkaran being the last station of India.

It has been an important hub of power and trade of Panjab during medieval India.[1] Patti was a residence of Rai Duni Chand, a rich landlord, one of whose daughters, Bibi Rajni was a known devotee of Guru Ram Das Ji.[2] Mughal Governor of Punjab during Mughal period also lived in Patti. Before independence, Patti was a Tehsil of the Lahore district. The town houses the historic Mughal Fort and remains of the town wall. It also houses a number of other historical and religious places.

Before partition Patti was a tehsil of the Lahore district. After bifurcation of Amritsar revenue district, it is part of the Tarn Taran district. The town is situated on a mound which adds to its altitude. To the south-east of the town is a smaller but higher mound which projects a Shiv Temple. Patti houses a fortress built in 1755 A.D. which housed the local police station up-till the year 2003.[3]

Etymology

Patti (Punjabi: ਪੱਟੀ) in Punjabi means street. The town was also known as 'Nau lakh Patti', due to the wealth and revenue it generated during medieval India.[1] The town's name was changed to 'Patti-Haibatpur' named after Haibat Khan by Abul Fazl at the time of Humayun under Mughal rule,[4] but it was renamed back to Patti when the locals reclaimed it back from Mughals.

History

Patti is one of the oldest towns of the Panjab region, identified as old as 7th century.[5] It has been an important center of power, trade and industry of Panjab during medieval India.[1] In the medieval days it was known as Nau(9)-Lakhi Patti, which means that it generated high revenues of up to 9 Lakhs. Due to this reason, it has been an attractive place for foreign looters and invaders, such as Pathans and Mughals.

When Mughals invaded India, they tried to rush upon the Sikhs of Patti with a view to drive them out of their town but the people of Patti retaliated against Mughals.[6] Patti was eventually taken back by the local residents and remained under the Jat Zamindars parganas with a military strength of 700 cavalry and 10000 infantry.[7] The Jats being the dominant caste around the area of Patti replaced Patti from the Afghan invaders.[8]

Patti finds rich references in the Sikh history especially when there were increased atrocities from declining mughals on Sikh Jatthedars (raiders) who looted the residents of the town. The fortress of Patti built by Mughals in 1755 A.D. was used to prosecute rebellions. The tales of which became a part of everyday Sikh prayer.[3]

In the battle of misls, Patti was ultimately won by Faisailpuria (Singhpuria) Misl. Rumours suggest that Maharaja Ranjit Singh sent his army to siege the town when Mirza Talib Ali Baig rebelled against him for Sikh atrocities on Muslims, particularly banning of their call for prayer (Azan). During this siege, part of the outer wall was demolished.

Patti is also referenced as a place of the Pir (Sufism) and there were many houses of Pirs who belonged to Gillani's family.[3] The town has stories of a certain haveli of its rulers Mirzas, which was destroyed to farming activity, as they migrated to Lahore (Pakistan) in 1947.[3]

Institutions

Patti has many Government and Private educational institutions. Some of them are listed by

  • Kalgidhar Academy Public School Khem Karan Road, Near Ware House, Tehsil Patti, Bhikhiwind Distt, Tarn Taran,
  • Government Elementary School, Garden Colony, Patti,
  • Government Elementary School, Kahiyan Wala Chowk, Patti,
  • Government Girls Senior Secondary School, Patti,
  • Government Boys Senior Secondary School, Patti
  • Wood Blossom School, Garden Colony, Patti Wood Blossom School
  • Sh. G. M Arya Sen.Sec. School for Girls, Patti
  • Mahavir Jain Model School
  • D.A.V Sen.Sec.School, Patti
  • Shri Guru Harkrishan Public School
  • Dashmesh Public School
  • Central Convent Senior Secondary School, Patti(C.B.S.E Affiliated)
  • St. Farid Public School, Sarhali Road, Patti.
  • Shaheed Bhagat Singh High School
  • Government College, Patti
  • Shaheed Bhagat Singh College of Pharmacy, Patti,
  • Shaheed Bhagat Singh College of Education, Kairon Road, Patti,
  • Shaheed Bhagat Singh Polytechnic College, Patti,
  • Shiv Shankar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patti,
  • Government Elementary School, ward No.2, Patti
  • Futech Computer Education Centre, Near Punjab&Sind bank,patti
  • Sacred Heart Convent School, Thakkarpura, Patti,

S.U.S. Convent School, Sarhali Road Patti

Demographics

As of 2001 India census,[9] Patti had a population of 34,432. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Patti has an average literacy rate of 65%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 70%, and female literacy is 60%. In Patti, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Notable residents

  • Sardar Baj Singh Bal, one of the bravest Jat warriors of Patti in the eighteenth-century who fought with Banda Singh Bahadur, became the first governor of Khalsa Raj, and a great martyr.[10]
  • Sardar Nidhan Singh Waraich, husband of Mai Bhago, and one of the 'Chalih Muktay' or 40 Sikhs who fought ferociously and embraced martyrdom in battle at Mukatsar, on December 29, 1705.
  • Sardar Bhagwant Singh, elder brother of Sardar Baj Singh Bal, was a great Sikh warrior who conquered and ruled Bangash of Pakistan in the 18th century.

References

  1. ^ a b c Studies in History, Volume 1, Issue 2. Page 208. 1979
  2. ^ The Golden Temple Amritsar official site. http://www.goldentempleamritsar.org/places-to-visit-in-golden-temple-amritsar/dukh-bhanjani-beri.php
  3. ^ a b c d http://www.kartarpur.com/Arch/patti.htm
  4. ^ Sir Alexander Cunningham. The Ancient Geography of India: I. The Buddhist Period, Including The Campaigns of Alexander, And The Travels of Hwen-Thsang. London: Trubner And Co., 60, Paternoster Row. 1871.
  5. ^ Reeta Grewal. Urban Patterns in the Punjab Region since Protohistoric Times. Panjab University, Chandigarh http://www.global.ucsb.edu/punjab/sites/secure.lsit.ucsb.edu.gisp.d7_sp/files/sitefiles/journals/volume20/12-Reeta%20Sharma%2020.pdf
  6. ^ Mohibbul Hasan. Historians of Medieval India. Meenakshi Prakashan, 1968 - India - 290 pages
  7. ^ Dr. Vir Singh. The Jats: Their Role & Contribution to the Socio-economic Life and Polity of North & North-west India, Volume 2. Originals, 1 Jan 2006
  8. ^ Social Sciences Research Journal - Volume 7. Panjab University 1982. Page 78
  9. ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
  10. ^ J. S. Grewal. Sikh Ideology Polity, and Social Order: From Guru Nanak to Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Manohar, 1 Jan 2007 - Sikhism - 303 pages.
source: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=&diff=prev&oldid=736706402

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