| Incus | |
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Incus
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Left incus. A. From within. B. From the front.
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Auditory tube, laid open by a cut in its long axis.
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| Details | |
| Latin | Incus |
| Precursor | 1st branchial arch[1] |
| Articulations | Incudomalleolar and incudostapedial joint |
| Identifiers | |
| Gray's | p.1044 |
| MeSH | A09.246.397.247.362 |
| TA | A15.3.02.038 |
| FMA | 52752 |
| Anatomical terms of bone | |
The incus /ˈɪŋkəs/ is a bone in the middle ear. The anvil-shaped small bone is one of three ossicles in the middle ear. The incus receives vibrations from the malleus, to which it is connected laterally, and transmits these to the stapes, medially. The incus is so-called because of its resemblance to an anvil (Latin: Incus).
Contents
Structure[edit]
The incus is the second of the ossicles, three bones in the middle ear which act to transmit sound. It is shaped like an anvil, and has a long limb and a short limb that protrude from the point of articulation with the malleus.[2]:862
Function[edit]
Vibrations in the middle ear are received via the tympanic membrane. The malleus, resting on the membrane, conveys vibrations to the incus. This in turn conveys vibrations to the stapes.[2]:862
History[edit]
Incus means "anvil" in Latin. It was first described by Alessandro Achillini of Bologna. The final part of the long limb, was once described as a "fourth ossicle" by Pieter Paaw in 1615.[3]
Additional images[edit]
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Head and neck of a human embryo eighteen weeks old, with Meckel’s cartilage and hyoid bar exposed.
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External and middle ear, opened from the front. Right side.
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Chain of ossicles and their ligaments, seen from the front in a vertical, transverse section of the tympanum.
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Ossicles
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Tympanic cavity. Facial canal. Internal carotid artery.
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Auditory ossicles. Tympanic cavity. Deep dissection.
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Aditory ossicles.Incus and malleus.Deep dissection.
See also[edit]
- This article uses anatomical terminology; for an overview, see anatomical terminology.
References[edit]
- ^ hednk-023 — Embryo Images at University of North Carolina
- ^ a b Drake, Richard L.; Vogl, Wayne; Tibbitts, Adam W.M. Mitchell; illustrations by Richard; Richardson, Paul (2005). Gray's anatomy for students. Philadelphia: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone. ISBN 978-0-8089-2306-0.
- ^ Graboyes, Evan M.; Chole, Richard A.; Hullar, Timothy E. (September 2011). "The Ossicle of Paaw". Otology & Neurotology 32 (7): 1185–1188. doi:10.1097/MAO.0b013e31822a28df.
External links[edit]
- The Anatomy Wiz Incus
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