Authors
Marilyn J Essex, Helena C Kraemer, Jeffrey M Armstrong, W Thomas Boyce, H Hill Goldsmith, Marjorie H Klein, Hermi Woodward, David J Kupfer
Publication date
2006/11/1
Journal
Archives of general psychiatry
Volume
63
Issue
11
Pages
1246-1256
Publisher
American Medical Association
Description
Context
Exploratory studies that generate testable models of how risk factors for childhood mental health problems work together over time are critical for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.
Objective
To build models addressing the following 2 questions: (1) How early can we identify children at risk for mental health problems in third grade? (2) How do the risk factors work together over time?
Design and Participants
We assessed a Wisconsin community sample 8 times, beginning during pregnancy. Three hundred seventy-nine families completed multi-informant reports (mothers, teachers, and children) of children's mental health symptoms in third grade.
Main Outcome Measures
Symptom severity and directionality (externalizing vs internalizing).
Results
The hypothesis was generated that family socioeconomic status (SES) defined different pathways to symptom severity. In low/middle SES families …
Total citations
Scholar articles
MJ Essex, HC Kraemer, JM Armstrong, WT Boyce… - Archives of general psychiatry, 2006