Richard Henderson (or variants) may refer to:
- Richard Henderson (jurist) (1734–1785), Colonial American judge and land speculator
- Richard McNeil Henderson, (1886 - 1972) British engineer and colonial HK administrator
- Richard Alexander Henderson (1895–1958), First World War stretcher-bearer at Gallipoli and the Somme
- Dickie Henderson (1922–1985), English music hall, theatre, film and television entertainer
- Rick Henderson (1928–2004), American jazz saxophonist, composer and arranger
- Richard Henderson (biologist) (born 1945), Scottish molecular biologist
- Richard Henderson (solicitor) (born 1947), Scottish solicitor
- Richard Henderson (bishop) (born 1957), Irish Anglican bishop
- Richard Henderson (mayor) (1815–1878), American politician
- Rickey Henderson (born 1958), American baseball player
- Richard Henderson (Kentucky politician) (born 1971), member of the Kentucky House of Representatives
- Richard Henderson (Hawaii politician), member of the Hawaii Senate