The Genauni (Gaulish: *Genaunoi, earlier *Gēnomnoi, 'the natives') or Genaunes were a Gallic tribe dwelling in the eastern valley of the Inn river, in Tyrol, during the Iron Age and the Roman period.
Name[edit]
They are mentioned as Genaunos by Horace (1st c. BC),[1] as Genaúnōn (Γεναύνων) by Strabo (early 1st c. AD),[2] and as Genaunes by Pliny (1st c. AD).[3]
The ethnic name Genauni is a latinized form of Gaulish *Genaunoi (sing. Genaunos), which can be translated 'the natives'. It stems from an earlier form *Géno-mnoi, based on the stem gen(o)- ('descendants, family').[4]
Geography[edit]
The Genauni lived in the eastern valley of the Inn river, in Raetia.[5][6] Their territory was located north of the Focunates, east of the Breuni, south of the Estiones, Licates and Cosuanetes, west of the Vennones.[7]
History[edit]
They are mentioned by Pliny the Elder as one of the Alpine tribes conquered by Rome in 16–15 BC, and whose name was engraved on the Tropaeum Alpium.[3]
References[edit]
- ^ Horace. Carm., 4:14:10.
- ^ Strabo. Geōgraphiká, 4:3:3.
- ^ a b Pliny. Naturalis Historia, 3:20.
- ^ de Bernardo Stempel 2015, p. 88.
- ^ Anreiter 1997, pp. 8–9, 173.
- ^ Dietz 2006.
- ^ Talbert 2000, Map 19: Raetia.
Primary sources[edit]
Bibliography[edit]
- Anreiter, Peter (1997). Breonen, Genaunen und Fokunaten: vorrömisches Namengut in den Tiroler Alpen. Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Kulturwissenschaft. ISBN 978-963-8046-18-5.
- de Bernardo Stempel, Patrizia (2015). "Zu den keltisch benannten Stämmen im Umfeld des oberen Donauraums". In Lohner-Urban, Ute; Scherrer, Peter (eds.). Der obere Donauraum 50 v. bis 50 n. Chr. Frank & Timme. ISBN 978-3-7329-0143-2.
- Dietz, Karlheinz (2006). "Genauni". Brill's New Pauly. doi:10.1163/1574-9347_bnp_e421340.
- Talbert, Richard J. A. (2000). Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0691031699.
