Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 19 (CCL19) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCL19 gene .[5] [6]
This gene is one of several CC cytokine genes clustered on the p-arm of chromosome 9. Cytokines are a family of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The CC cytokines are proteins characterized by two adjacent cysteines. The cytokine encoded by this gene may play a role in normal lymphocyte recirculation and homing. It also plays an important role in trafficking of T cells in thymus, and in T cell and B cell migration to secondary lymphoid organs. It specifically binds to chemokine receptor CCR7 .[6]
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 19 (CCL19) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family that is also known as EBI1 ligand chemokine (ELC) and macrophage inflammatory protein-3-beta (MIP-3-beta). CCL19 is expressed abundantly in thymus and lymph nodes , with moderate levels in trachea and colon and low levels in stomach, small intestine , lung , kidney and spleen .[7] The gene for CCL19 is located on human chromosome 9 .[8] This chemokine elicits its effects on its target cells by binding to the chemokine receptor chemokine receptor CCR7 .[7] It attracts certain cells of the immune system , including dendritic cells and antigen-engaged B cells ,[9] [10] CCR7+ central-memory T-Cells.[11]
References [ edit ]
^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000172724 – Ensembl , May 2017
^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000118633 – Ensembl , May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .
^ Yoshida R, Imai T, Hieshima K, Kusuda J, Baba M, Kitaura M, Nishimura M, Kakizaki M, Nomiyama H, Yoshie O (Jul 1997). "Molecular cloning of a novel human CC chemokine EBI1-ligand chemokine that is a specific functional ligand for EBI1, CCR7" . J Biol Chem . 272 (21): 13803–9. doi :10.1074/jbc.272.21.13803 . PMID 9153236 .
^ a b "Entrez Gene: CCL19 chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 19" .
^ a b Yoshida R, Imai T, Hieshima K, Kusuda J, Baba M, Kitaura M, Nishimura M, Kakizaki M, Nomiyama H, Yoshie O (1997). "Molecular cloning of a novel human CC chemokine EBI1-ligand chemokine that is a specific functional ligand for EBI1, CCR7" . J. Biol. Chem . 272 (21): 13803–9. doi :10.1074/jbc.272.21.13803 . PMID 9153236 .
^ Rossi DL, Vicari AP, Franz-Bacon K, McClanahan TK, Zlotnik A (1997). "Identification through bioinformatics of two new macrophage proinflammatory human chemokines: MIP-3alpha and MIP-3beta" . J. Immunol . 158 (3): 1033–6. doi :10.4049/jimmunol.158.3.1033 . PMID 9013939 . S2CID 39291729 .
^ Robbiani DF, Finch RA, Jäger D, Muller WA, Sartorelli AC, Randolph GJ (2000). "The leukotriene C(4) transporter MRP1 regulates CCL19 (MIP-3beta, ELC)-dependent mobilization of dendritic cells to lymph nodes" . Cell . 103 (5): 757–68. doi :10.1016/S0092-8674(00)00179-3 . PMID 11114332 . S2CID 15592251 .
^ Reif K, Ekland EH, Ohl L, Nakano H, Lipp M, Förster R, Cyster JG (2002). "Balanced responsiveness to chemoattractants from adjacent zones determines B-cell position". Nature . 416 (6876): 94–9. Bibcode :2002Natur.416...94R . doi :10.1038/416094a . PMID 11882900 . S2CID 4403093 .
^ Bromley SK, Thomas SY, Luster AD (2005). "Chemokine receptor CCR7 guides T cell exit from peripheral tissues and entry into afferent lymphatics". Nat. Immunol . 6 (9): 895–901. doi :10.1038/ni1240 . PMID 16116469 . S2CID 443455 .
Further reading [ edit ]
Weber C, Koenen RR (2006). "Fine-tuning leukocyte responses: towards a chemokine 'interactome' ". Trends Immunol . 27 (6): 268–73. doi :10.1016/j.it.2006.04.002 . PMID 16678487 .
Rossi DL, Vicari AP, Franz-Bacon K, et al. (1997). "Identification through bioinformatics of two new macrophage proinflammatory human chemokines: MIP-3alpha and MIP-3beta" . J. Immunol . 158 (3): 1033–6. doi :10.4049/jimmunol.158.3.1033 . PMID 9013939 . S2CID 39291729 .
Nagira M, Imai T, Hieshima K, et al. (1997). "Molecular cloning of a novel human CC chemokine secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine that is a potent chemoattractant for lymphocytes and mapped to chromosome 9p13" . J. Biol. Chem . 272 (31): 19518–24. doi :10.1074/jbc.272.31.19518 . PMID 9235955 .
Kim CH, Pelus LM, White JR, et al. (1998). "CK beta-11/macrophage inflammatory protein-3 beta/EBI1-ligand chemokine is an efficacious chemoattractant for T and B cells" . J. Immunol . 160 (5): 2418–24. doi :10.4049/jimmunol.160.5.2418 . PMID 9498785 . S2CID 82739698 .
Yanagihara S, Komura E, Nagafune J, et al. (1998). "EBI1/CCR7 is a new member of dendritic cell chemokine receptor that is up-regulated upon maturation" . J. Immunol . 161 (6): 3096–102. doi :10.4049/jimmunol.161.6.3096 . PMID 9743376 . S2CID 26084149 .
Gosling J, Dairaghi DJ, Wang Y, et al. (2000). "Cutting edge: identification of a novel chemokine receptor that binds dendritic cell- and T cell-active chemokines including ELC, SLC, and TECK" . J. Immunol . 164 (6): 2851–6. doi :10.4049/jimmunol.164.6.2851 . PMID 10706668 .
Annunziato F, Romagnani P, Cosmi L, et al. (2000). "Macrophage-derived chemokine and EBI1-ligand chemokine attract human thymocytes in different stage of development and are produced by distinct subsets of medullary epithelial cells: possible implications for negative selection" . J. Immunol . 165 (1): 238–46. doi :10.4049/jimmunol.165.1.238 . PMID 10861057 .
Ueno T, Hara K, Willis MS, et al. (2002). "Role for CCR7 ligands in the emigration of newly generated T lymphocytes from the neonatal thymus" . Immunity . 16 (2): 205–18. doi :10.1016/S1074-7613(02)00267-4 . PMID 11869682 .
Phillips R, Ager A (2002). "Activation of pertussis toxin-sensitive CXCL12 (SDF-1) receptors mediates transendothelial migration of T lymphocytes across lymph node high endothelial cells" . Eur. J. Immunol . 32 (3): 837–47. doi :10.1002/1521-4141(200203)32:3<837::AID-IMMU837>3.0.CO;2-Q . PMID 11870628 . S2CID 41323072 .
Till KJ, Lin K, Zuzel M, Cawley JC (2002). "The chemokine receptor CCR7 and alpha4 integrin are important for migration of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells into lymph nodes" . Blood . 99 (8): 2977–84. doi :10.1182/blood.V99.8.2977 . PMID 11929789 .
Townson JR, Nibbs RJ (2002). "Characterization of mouse CCX-CKR, a receptor for the lymphocyte-attracting chemokines TECK/mCCL25, SLC/mCCL21 and MIP-3beta/mCCL19: comparison to human CCX-CKR". Eur. J. Immunol . 32 (5): 1230–41. doi :10.1002/1521-4141(200205)32:5<1230::AID-IMMU1230>3.0.CO;2-L . PMID 11981810 . S2CID 21911348 .
Page G, Lebecque S, Miossec P (2002). "Anatomic localization of immature and mature dendritic cells in an ectopic lymphoid organ: correlation with selective chemokine expression in rheumatoid synovium" . J. Immunol . 168 (10): 5333–41. doi :10.4049/jimmunol.168.10.5333 . PMID 11994492 .
Katou F, Ohtani H, Nakayama T, et al. (2003). "Differential expression of CCL19 by DC-Lamp+ mature dendritic cells in human lymph node versus chronically inflamed skin". J. Pathol . 199 (1): 98–106. doi :10.1002/path.1255 . PMID 12474232 . S2CID 25424987 .
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences" . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A . 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode :2002PNAS...9916899M . doi :10.1073/pnas.242603899 . PMC 139241 . PMID 12477932 .
Scandella E, Men Y, Legler DF, et al. (2004). "CCL19/CCL21-triggered signal transduction and migration of dendritic cells requires prostaglandin E2" . Blood . 103 (5): 1595–601. doi :10.1182/blood-2003-05-1643 . PMID 14592837 .
Corcione A, Arduino N, Ferretti E, et al. (2004). "CCL19 and CXCL12 trigger in vitro chemotaxis of human mantle cell lymphoma B cells". Clin. Cancer Res . 10 (3): 964–71. doi :10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-1182-3 . PMID 14871974 . S2CID 9041635 .
Daikoku N, Kitaya K, Nakayama T, et al. (2004). "Expression of macrophage inflammatory protein-3beta in human endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle" . Fertil. Steril . 81 (Suppl 1): 876–81. doi :10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.09.036 . PMID 15019823 .
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)" . Genome Res . 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi :10.1101/gr.2596504 . PMC 528928 . PMID 15489334 .
Paoletti S, Petkovic V, Sebastiani S, et al. (2005). "A rich chemokine environment strongly enhances leukocyte migration and activities" . Blood . 105 (9): 3405–12. doi :10.1182/blood-2004-04-1648 . PMID 15546958 .
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