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'''Utapau''' is a planet featured in the [[Star Wars]] fictional universe. Located in the [[Outer Rim (Star Wars)|Outer Rim,]] it orbits a star of the same name. It is most famous for being the scene of the Battle of Utapau, marked by the duel where [[Obi-Wan Kenobi]] kills [[General Grievous]]. It is also known as the homeworld of the [[Grand Inquisitor (Star Wars)|Grand Inquisitor]] of the [[Galactic Empire (Star Wars)|Galactic Empire]], an agent under the orders of [[Darth Vader]].
'''Utapau''' is a planet featured in the ''[[Star Wars]]'' fictional universe. Located in the [[Outer Rim (Star Wars)|Outer Rim]], it orbits a star of the same name. It is most famous for being the scene of the Battle of Utapau, marked by the duel where [[Obi-Wan Kenobi]] kills [[General Grievous]]. It is also known as the homeworld of the [[Grand Inquisitor (Star Wars)|Grand Inquisitor]] of the [[Galactic Empire (Star Wars)|Galactic Empire]], an agent under the orders of [[Darth Vader]].


Despite its mostly desert surface, Utapau is the home world of the [[Utai (Star Wars)|Utais]], [[Pau'an|Pau'ans]] and [[Amanin (Star Wars)|Amanins]]. Historically neutral during the major galactic conflicts, the final moments of the [[Clone Wars (Star Wars)|Clone Wars]] saw Utapau occupied by the [[Clone Wars (Star Wars)|Confederation of Independent Systems]] and then by the [[Galactic Empire (Star Wars)|Galactic Empire]].
Despite its mostly desert surface, Utapau is the home world of the [[Utai (Star Wars)|Utais]], [[Pau'an]]s and [[Amanin (Star Wars)|Amanins]]. Historically neutral during the major galactic conflicts, the final moments of the [[Clone Wars (Star Wars)|Clone Wars]] saw Utapau occupied by the [[Clone Wars (Star Wars)|Confederation of Independent Systems]] and then by the [[Galactic Empire (Star Wars)|Galactic Empire]].


The planet was created for the film [[Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith|Revenge of the Sith]]. It was created using a number of cinematographic disciplines, largely using [[Computer-generated imagery|computer-generated images]] (CGI), but also models, live-action shots and inset actors.
The planet was created for the film ''[[Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith|Revenge of the Sith]]''. It was created using a number of cinematographic disciplines, largely using [[Computer-generated imagery|computer-generated images]] (CGI), but also models, live-action shots and inset actors.


Utapau is also featured in the TV series [[Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)|The Clone Wars]], in the novelisation of the film, and in a number of [[Novel|novels]], [[Video game|video games]] and [[Comic strip|comic strips]].
Utapau is also featured in the TV series ''[[Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)|The Clone Wars]]'', in the novelisation of the film, and in a number of [[novel]]s, [[video game]]s and [[comic strip]]s.


== Context ==
==Context==
The Star Wars universe is set in a [[galaxy]] that is the scene of clashes between the [[Jedi|Jedi Knights]] and the [[Sith|Dark Lords of the Sith,]] people who are sensitive to the [[The Force|Force]], a mysterious energy field that gives them parapsychic powers. The Jedi master the Light Side of the Force, a beneficial and defensive power, to maintain peace in the galaxy. The Sith use the Dark Side, a harmful and destructive power, for their own purposes and to dominate the galaxy.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Lucasfilm Magazine|1999}}</ref>
The ''Star Wars'' universe is set in a [[galaxy]] that is the scene of clashes between the [[Jedi|Jedi Knights]] and the [[Sith|Dark Lords of the Sith]], people who are sensitive to the [[The Force|Force]], a mysterious energy field that gives them parapsychic powers. The Jedi master the Light Side of the Force, a beneficial and defensive power, to maintain peace in the galaxy. The Sith use the Dark Side, a harmful and destructive power, for their own purposes and to dominate the galaxy.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Lucasfilm Magazine|1999}}</ref>


Although the [[Galactic Republic]] and the Jedi Order seem to have succeeded in securing peace across the galaxy, the discovery of a Sith apprentice on [[Naboo]] in 32 BC BY<ref group="Notes">The reference point (ground zero in the [[Star Wars chronology]]) is the [[Battle of Yavin]], which takes place in [[Episode IV: A New Hope|Episode IV]] of the saga. For example, this discovery takes place thirty-two years before that battle.</ref> leads Jedi Knight [[Obi-Wan Kenobi]] to take young [[Anakin Skywalker]], who possesses a previously unseen affinity for the Force, under his wing. A war then begins between the Galactic Republic, led by Supreme Chancellor [[Palpatine]], and the secessionists of the [[Confederacy of Independent Systems]] and their [[Droid (Star Wars)|droid]] army. As the war comes to an end, the separatist leaders are forced to retreat to the remote planet Utapau.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Lucasfilm Magazine|2005}}</ref>
Although the [[Galactic Republic]] and the Jedi Order seem to have succeeded in securing peace across the galaxy, the discovery of a Sith apprentice on [[Naboo]] in 32 BC BY<ref group="Notes">The reference point (ground zero in the ''[[Star Wars]]'' chronology) is the [[Battle of Yavin]], which takes place in [[Star Wars (film)|Episode IV]] of the saga. For example, this discovery takes place thirty-two years before that battle.</ref> leads Jedi Knight [[Obi-Wan Kenobi]] to take young [[Anakin Skywalker]], who possesses a previously unseen affinity for the Force, under his wing. A war then begins between the Galactic Republic, led by Supreme Chancellor [[Palpatine]], and the secessionists of the [[Confederacy of Independent Systems]] and their [[Droid (Star Wars)|droid]] army. As the war comes to an end, the separatist leaders are forced to retreat to the remote planet Utapau.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Lucasfilm Magazine|2005}}</ref>


== Geography ==
== Geography ==
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=== Topography ===
=== Topography ===
Utapau is particularly arid. Its surface is covered with desert plains. However, it is also covered by numerous chasms, faults, fossilised dunes and [[Sinkhole|sinkholes]].<ref name=":1">{{Harvtxt|Beecroft|Dougherty|Luceno|Lund|2006|pp=104-105}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Sherlock|2021}}</ref> While violent winds batter the surface, the bottoms of the sinkholes shelter bodies of water, as well as a large subterranean ocean.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Harvtxt|Hart|2021}}</ref> Utapau's nine moons exert a strong gravitational pull on the planet, giving rise to strong tides that erode the planet's rock and cause major earthquakes.<ref name=":1" />
Utapau is particularly arid. Its surface is covered with desert plains. However, it is also covered by numerous chasms, faults, fossilised dunes and [[sinkhole]]s.<ref name=":1">{{Harvtxt|Beecroft|Dougherty|Luceno|Lund|2006|pp=104–105}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Sherlock|2021}}</ref> While violent winds batter the surface, the bottoms of the sinkholes shelter bodies of water, as well as a large subterranean ocean.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Harvtxt|Hart|2021}}</ref> Utapau's nine moons exert a strong gravitational pull on the planet, giving rise to strong tides that erode the planet's rock and cause major earthquakes.<ref name=":1" />
{{Multiple image
{{Multiple image
| image1 = South rim of the grand canyon.jpg
| image1 = South rim of the grand canyon.jpg
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==== Intelligent species ====
==== Intelligent species ====
This planet is home to two intelligent species: the [[Utai (Star Wars)|utai]] and the [[Pau'an|pau'ans]]. Collectively known as "utapauns", most of them live in cities within the chasms.<ref name=":0" />
This planet is home to two intelligent species: the [[Utai (Star Wars)|utai]] and the [[pau'an]]s. Collectively known as "utapauns", most of them live in cities within the chasms.<ref name=":0" />


The Utai make up the majority of the Utapau<ref name=":2">{{Harvtxt|Luceno|2005|pp=46-47}}</ref> population. Humble by nature, they form the working class of the planet. They generally live in underground caves, thanks to their night vision.<ref name=":2" /> They have pedunculated eyes and are small.<ref name=":3">{{Harvtxt|Barr|Bray|Horton|2017|p=40}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Harvtxt|Lewis|Keier|2006|pp=170-171}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Beecroft|Hidalgo|2016|p=209}}</ref>
The Utai make up the majority of the Utapau<ref name=":2">{{Harvtxt|Luceno|2005|pp=46–47}}</ref> population. Humble by nature, they form the working class of the planet. They generally live in underground caves, thanks to their night vision.<ref name=":2" /> They have pedunculated eyes and are small.<ref name=":3">{{Harvtxt|Barr|Bray|Horton|2017|p=40}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Harvtxt|Lewis|Keier|2006|pp=170–171}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Beecroft|Hidalgo|2016|p=209}}</ref>


The Pau'ans are nicknamed "Ancients" because of their long [[life expectancy]], which is counted in centuries. Carnivores, they have sharp teeth and are large in stature. They have long limbs<ref name=":5">{{Harvtxt|McGinley|2021}}</ref> and no ears.<ref name=":2" /> Their eyes are ringed with red, while their skin is grey and cracked.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Harvtxt|Pallant|Clubb|2019|p=40}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Harvtxt|Sippie|2020}}</ref> They are closely related to the Utapau fauna, which they have mostly domesticated, and which they use to move around Utapau's rugged surface, or to defend themselves.<ref name=":7">{{Harvtxt|Buxton|2019}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{Harvtxt|Hyun-woo|Christenson|Presley|Balmet|Le Merrer|Rueping|2014|p=}}</ref> Although they are a minority on the planet, they are its ruling elite, acting as administrators, diplomats and bureaucrats.<ref name=":2" /> They prefer darkness to light, and raw meat to cooked meat.<ref name=":2" /> Despite their gruff appearance, they are peaceful and conciliatory.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Lavoisard|2017|p=77}}</ref> Cooperation between Utais and Pau'ans is essential in Utapau societies, and each species respects and appreciates members of the other.<ref name=":8">{{Harvtxt|Lewis|Keier|2006|p=171}}</ref>
The Pau'ans are nicknamed "Ancients" because of their long [[life expectancy]], which is counted in centuries. Carnivores, they have sharp teeth and are large in stature. They have long limbs<ref name=":5">{{Harvtxt|McGinley|2021}}</ref> and no ears.<ref name=":2" /> Their eyes are ringed with red, while their skin is grey and cracked.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Harvtxt|Pallant|Clubb|2019|p=40}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Harvtxt|Sippie|2020}}</ref> They are closely related to the Utapau fauna, which they have mostly domesticated, and which they use to move around Utapau's rugged surface, or to defend themselves.<ref name=":7">{{Harvtxt|Buxton|2019}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{Harvtxt|Hyun-woo|Christenson|Presley|Balmet|Le Merrer|Rueping|2014|p=}}</ref> Although they are a minority on the planet, they are its ruling elite, acting as administrators, diplomats and bureaucrats.<ref name=":2" /> They prefer darkness to light, and raw meat to cooked meat.<ref name=":2" /> Despite their gruff appearance, they are peaceful and conciliatory.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Lavoisard|2017|p=77}}</ref> Cooperation between Utais and Pau'ans is essential in Utapau societies, and each species respects and appreciates members of the other.<ref name=":8">{{Harvtxt|Lewis|Keier|2006|p=171}}</ref>


Utapau is also home to another intelligent species, the amanins.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Fortune|McDonagh|Touboul|2016}}</ref> Although they originated on [[Maridun]], many tribes settled on the plains of Utapau, with a more primitive lifestyle, close to that of [[Hunter-gatherer|hunter-gatherers]]. They rarely ventured into the towns.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Barr|Bray|Horton|2017|p=360}}</ref> Tall, lanky bipeds, their skin secretes a poisonous mucus, and their small mouths are filled with sharp teeth. They possess several strange abilities, such as the ability to roll into a perfect ball, enabling them to pursue their prey over long distances, or the ability to give birth to two identical individuals if cut in half.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Giacobbe|2021}}</ref>
Utapau is also home to another intelligent species, the amanins.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Fortune|McDonagh|Touboul|2016}}</ref> Although they originated on [[Maridun]], many tribes settled on the plains of Utapau, with a more primitive lifestyle, close to that of [[hunter-gatherer]]s. They rarely ventured into the towns.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Barr|Bray|Horton|2017|p=360}}</ref> Tall, lanky bipeds, their skin secretes a poisonous mucus, and their small mouths are filled with sharp teeth. They possess several strange abilities, such as the ability to roll into a perfect ball, enabling them to pursue their prey over long distances, or the ability to give birth to two identical individuals if cut in half.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Giacobbe|2021}}</ref>


Some of the most famous people in the Galaxy are from Utapau. One of the best-known representatives of the amanin species is the bounty hunter Amanaman, who frequented the court of the crime lord [[Jabba the Hutt|Jabba]] the [[Hutt (Star Wars)|Hutt]].<ref>{{Harvtxt|Pierce-Bohen|2021}}</ref> As for the pau'an species, one of its best-known representatives is the [[Grand Inquisitor (Star Wars)|Grand Inquisitor]] of the [[Galactic Empire (Star Wars)|Galactic Empire]], formerly a guard at the [[Jedi]] Temple.<ref name=":6" /><ref>{{Harvtxt|Berger|2019}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Parker|2022}}</ref>
Some of the most famous people in the Galaxy are from Utapau. One of the best-known representatives of the amanin species is the bounty hunter Amanaman, who frequented the court of the crime lord [[Jabba the Hutt|Jabba]] the [[Hutt (Star Wars)|Hutt]].<ref>{{Harvtxt|Pierce-Bohen|2021}}</ref> As for the pau'an species, one of its best-known representatives is the [[Grand Inquisitor (Star Wars)|Grand Inquisitor]] of the [[Galactic Empire (Star Wars)|Galactic Empire]], formerly a guard at the [[Jedi]] Temple.<ref name=":6" /><ref>{{Harvtxt|Berger|2019}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Parker|2022}}</ref>
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=== Living and technology ===
=== Living and technology ===
Despite the inhospitable surface, the inhabitants of Utapau created cities built on the walls of the underground Utapau caves. These cities grew rich mainly through mining.<ref name=":2" /> Precious minerals are found beneath the surface of the planet, in the large underground ocean.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> The Pau'ans are also experts at harnessing the wind, which they use to power their vertical cities<ref name=":13">{{Harvtxt|Wallace|2006|pp=48-49}}</ref>
Despite the inhospitable surface, the inhabitants of Utapau created cities built on the walls of the underground Utapau caves. These cities grew rich mainly through mining.<ref name=":2" /> Precious minerals are found beneath the surface of the planet, in the large underground ocean.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> The Pau'ans are also experts at harnessing the wind, which they use to power their vertical cities<ref name=":13">{{Harvtxt|Wallace|2006|pp=48–49}}</ref>


The planet's main astroport is that of its capital: Pau City.<ref name=":1" /> During the Battle of Utapau, the administrator of this port was the pau'an [[Tion Medon]]<ref name=":5" />, descendant of the man who unified the different populations of Utapau.<ref name=":8" /> Due to the lack of vegetation on the planet's surface, bone is the main building material. This architectural style, known as "ossic", uses the skeletons of various gigantic creatures inhabiting the subterranean ocean to construct the planet's buildings. The bones are used in their raw state, dried or fossilised as required.<ref name=":1" /> Utapau's cities, located on the surface of the large chasms covering the planet, often extend several levels below the surface.<ref name=":1" /> Several underground passages link the various cities together.<ref name=":1" />
The planet's main astroport is that of its capital: Pau City.<ref name=":1" /> During the Battle of Utapau, the administrator of this port was the pau'an [[Tion Medon]],<ref name=":5" /> descendant of the man who unified the different populations of Utapau.<ref name=":8" /> Due to the lack of vegetation on the planet's surface, bone is the main building material. This architectural style, known as "ossic", uses the skeletons of various gigantic creatures inhabiting the subterranean ocean to construct the planet's buildings. The bones are used in their raw state, dried or fossilised as required.<ref name=":1" /> Utapau's cities, located on the surface of the large chasms covering the planet, often extend several levels below the surface.<ref name=":1" /> Several underground passages link the various cities together.<ref name=":1" />


To make it easier for the inhabitants to get around between the planet's crevasses, the large vertical shafts and the rocky mountainsides, Utais and Pau'ans use "motor-wheels ",<ref group="Notes">The term "wheel bike" is also used.</ref> made up of two cylindrical discs covered with toothed teeth. Generally for civilian use, a motorbike was hijacked by General Grievous for use as a combat vehicle during the Battle of Utapau.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Wallace|2005b|pp=53}}</ref> The planet also has a space defence force, managed by the administrator of Pau City.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Saxton|Jenssen|Chasemore|2005|p=23}}</ref>
To make it easier for the inhabitants to get around between the planet's crevasses, the large vertical shafts and the rocky mountainsides, Utais and Pau'ans use "motor-wheels ",<ref group="Notes">The term "wheel bike" is also used.</ref> made up of two cylindrical discs covered with toothed teeth. Generally for civilian use, a motorbike was hijacked by General Grievous for use as a combat vehicle during the Battle of Utapau.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Wallace|2005b|pp=53}}</ref> The planet also has a space defence force, managed by the administrator of Pau City.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Saxton|Jenssen|Chasemore|2005|p=23}}</ref>
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=== Clone Wars and the Battle of Utapau ===
=== Clone Wars and the Battle of Utapau ===
[[File:SWC4 - Airborne Trooper (512684885).jpg|thumb|Cosplay of clone troopers present at the Battle of Utapau: a member of the Airborne Infantry]]
[[File:SWC4 - Airborne Trooper (512684885).jpg|thumb|Cosplay of clone troopers present at the Battle of Utapau: a member of the Airborne Infantry]]
[[File:SWC4 - Costume Pageant- Commander Cody (514412052).jpg|thumb|Cosplay of clone troopers present at the Battle of Utapau: le commandant Cody ]]
[[File:SWC4 - Costume Pageant- Commander Cody (514412052).jpg|thumb|Cosplay of clone troopers present at the Battle of Utapau: le commandant Cody]]
During the [[Clone Wars (Star Wars)|Clone Wars]], the [[Jedi]] learn that a Jedi master has been found dead in Pau City. [[Obi-Wan Kenobi]] and [[Darth Vader|Anakin Skywalker]] go there and discover that the [[Clone Wars (Star Wars)|Confederation of Independent Systems (]]CSI), an enemy of the [[Galactic Republic|Galactic Republic,]] is linked to the incident.<ref name=":11">{{Harvtxt|Colbert|2021}}</ref> The separatists, led by the cyborg general of the droid armies [[General Grievous|Grievious]], wanted to buy a gigantic kyber crystal from Utapau, the main component of many weapons, including [[Lightsaber|lightsabers]]. <ref name=":14">{{Harvtxt|Colbert|2016}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Meenan|2020}}</ref> However, the two Jedi decide to destroy the crystal rather than let General Grievous escape with it.<ref name=":11" /><ref name=":15">{{Harvtxt|Erdmann|2021}}</ref> This allowed them to deprive the enemy camp of such an advantage.<ref name=":0" />
During the [[Clone Wars (Star Wars)|Clone Wars]], the [[Jedi]] learn that a Jedi master has been found dead in Pau City. [[Obi-Wan Kenobi]] and [[Darth Vader|Anakin Skywalker]] go there and discover that the [[Clone Wars (Star Wars)|Confederation of Independent Systems]] (CSI), an enemy of the [[Galactic Republic]], is linked to the incident.<ref name=":11">{{Harvtxt|Colbert|2021}}</ref> The separatists, led by the cyborg general of the droid armies [[General Grievous|Grievious]], wanted to buy a gigantic kyber crystal from Utapau, the main component of many weapons, including [[lightsaber]]s.<ref name=":14">{{Harvtxt|Colbert|2016}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Meenan|2020}}</ref> However, the two Jedi decide to destroy the crystal rather than let General Grievous escape with it.<ref name=":11" /><ref name=":15">{{Harvtxt|Erdmann|2021}}</ref> This allowed them to deprive the enemy camp of such an advantage.<ref name=":0" />


In 19 BC, in the final moments of the war, after the [[Battle of Coruscant]] and the rout of the Confederacy of Independent Systems, the survivors of the Separatist Council, such as [[Nute Gunray]] and [[Shu Mai (Star Wars)|Shu Mai]], temporarily fled to Utapau. The Confederation's secret leader, [[Darth Sidious]], then orders General Grievous to relocate the Council to [[Mustafar]]. Grievous was unable to get there, but the rest of the Council left Utapau for Mustafar.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Wallace|Fry|p=154|2016}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Miller|2021}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Wallace|2013|p=45}}</ref>
In 19 BC, in the final moments of the war, after the [[Battle of Coruscant]] and the rout of the Confederacy of Independent Systems, the survivors of the Separatist Council, such as [[Nute Gunray]] and [[Shu Mai (Star Wars)|Shu Mai]], temporarily fled to Utapau. The Confederation's secret leader, [[Darth Sidious]], then orders General Grievous to relocate the Council to [[Mustafar]]. Grievous was unable to get there, but the rest of the Council left Utapau for Mustafar.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Wallace|Fry|p=154|2016}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Miller|2021}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Wallace|2013|p=45}}</ref>


Chancellor Palpatine, still hiding his secret identity as Darth Sidious, reveals to the Republic the location of the Separatist general and the other leaders of the organisation: the remote world of Utapau. The [[Jedi]] [[Obi-Wan Kenobi]] was therefore sent there on a mission to stop Grievous.<ref>{{harvtxt|Barr|Bray|p=86|Wallace|Windham|2015}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Labrousse|Schall|p=318|2015}}</ref>Landing in Pau City, Obi-Wan is informed of the presence of the man he is tracking by Administrator [[Tion Medon]]. Medon wants to repel the Separatist presence with the help of the Republic. The CSI has been occupying Utapau since its recent arrival, although the planet prefers to remain neutral.<ref name=":7" /><ref>{{Harvtxt|Formica|2020}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Vervisch|2015|p=78}}</ref>
Chancellor Palpatine, still hiding his secret identity as Darth Sidious, reveals to the Republic the location of the Separatist general and the other leaders of the organisation: the remote world of Utapau. The [[Jedi]] [[Obi-Wan Kenobi]] was therefore sent there on a mission to stop Grievous.<ref>{{harvtxt|Barr|Bray|p=86|Wallace|Windham|2015}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Labrousse|Schall|p=318|2015}}</ref> Landing in Pau City, Obi-Wan is informed of the presence of the man he is tracking by Administrator [[Tion Medon]]. Medon wants to repel the Separatist presence with the help of the Republic. The CSI has been occupying Utapau since its recent arrival, although the planet prefers to remain neutral.<ref name=":7" /><ref>{{Harvtxt|Formica|2020}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Vervisch|2015|p=78}}</ref>


The Battle of Utapau, which takes place in the final moments of the Clone Wars, should mark the end of the war. When the Jedi arrive at Utapau to defeat Grievous, the two generals engage in a [[lightsaber]] duel that leads to a chase. While Grievous travels by motorbike, he is chased by Obi-Wan, who has the varactyl Boga as his mount. Having lost his weapon, the Jedi grabs that of his enemy and forces his adversary to leave his vehicle. He ends the confrontation by firing a blaster at the cyborg general, destroying his armour.<ref name=":21">{{Harvtxt|Sherlock|2021b}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Martin|2021}}</ref><ref>{{harvtxt|Windham|2012|p=84}}</ref><ref>{{harvtxt|Barr|Bray|p=87|Wallace|Windham|2015}}</ref><ref>{{harvtxt|Wallace|2013|p=49}}</ref><ref>{{harvtxt|Walker|2018|p=70}}</ref>
The Battle of Utapau, which takes place in the final moments of the Clone Wars, should mark the end of the war. When the Jedi arrive at Utapau to defeat Grievous, the two generals engage in a [[lightsaber]] duel that leads to a chase. While Grievous travels by motorbike, he is chased by Obi-Wan, who has the varactyl Boga as his mount. Having lost his weapon, the Jedi grabs that of his enemy and forces his adversary to leave his vehicle. He ends the confrontation by firing a blaster at the cyborg general, destroying his armour.<ref name=":21">{{Harvtxt|Sherlock|2021b}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Martin|2021}}</ref><ref>{{harvtxt|Windham|2012|p=84}}</ref><ref>{{harvtxt|Barr|Bray|p=87|Wallace|Windham|2015}}</ref><ref>{{harvtxt|Wallace|2013|p=49}}</ref><ref>{{harvtxt|Walker|2018|p=70}}</ref>


Although Grievous' defeat seemed to mark the end of the war, the leader of the Republican army at Utapau, Commander Cody, was nevertheless ordered by [[Darth Sidious]] to betray the [[Jedi]], who were now considered enemies of the Republic48. However, Obi-Wan Kenobi, who had fallen into a crater on the planet, managed to escape the soldiers' betrayal. He then left Utapau aboard [[List of Star Wars: The Clone Wars episodes|Grievous's]] ship, the Soulless, to go to Coruscant.<ref>{{harvtxt|Windham|2012|p=86}}</ref><ref>{{harvtxt|Barr|Bray|p=79|Wallace|Windham|2015}}</ref><ref>{{harvtxt|Wallace|2013|p=52}}</ref><ref>{{harvtxt|Walker|2018|p=94}}</ref>
Although Grievous' defeat seemed to mark the end of the war, the leader of the Republican army at Utapau, Commander Cody, was nevertheless ordered by [[Darth Sidious]] to betray the [[Jedi]], who were now considered enemies of the Republic48. However, Obi-Wan Kenobi, who had fallen into a crater on the planet, managed to escape the soldiers' betrayal. He then left Utapau aboard [[List of Star Wars: The Clone Wars episodes|Grievous's]] ship, the Soulless, to go to Coruscant.<ref>{{harvtxt|Windham|2012|p=86}}</ref><ref>{{harvtxt|Barr|Bray|p=79|Wallace|Windham|2015}}</ref><ref>{{harvtxt|Wallace|2013|p=52}}</ref><ref>{{harvtxt|Walker|2018|p=94}}</ref>

=== After the Clone Wars ===
=== After the Clone Wars ===
In 13 BC, Pau'an Fyzen Gor, a medical student, was kidnapped by Utai pirates in Utapau. Desperate for revenge, he decides to build himself a team of droids equipped with organic limbs. Attacked and captured again by pirates, this time amanin, Fyzen Gor resigned himself to working for the pirates for three years. He then left Utapau and designed a weapon, the Phylanx, with which he attempted to take control of the galaxy.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Older|2018}}</ref>
In 13 BC, Pau'an Fyzen Gor, a medical student, was kidnapped by Utai pirates in Utapau. Desperate for revenge, he decides to build himself a team of droids equipped with organic limbs. Attacked and captured again by pirates, this time amanin, Fyzen Gor resigned himself to working for the pirates for three years. He then left Utapau and designed a weapon, the Phylanx, with which he attempted to take control of the galaxy.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Older|2018}}</ref>
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== "Legends" universe ==
== "Legends" universe ==
{{Main|Star Wars in other media}}
{{Main|Star Wars in other media}}
Following the takeover of [[Lucasfilm]] by [[The Walt Disney Company|The Walt Disney Company,]] all elements told in derivative products dating prior to 26 April 2014 were declared to be outside of [[Star Wars canon|canon]] and were then grouped together as "[[Star Wars Legends]] ".<ref>{{Harvtxt|StarWars.com|2014}}</ref>
Following the takeover of [[Lucasfilm]] by [[The Walt Disney Company]], all elements told in derivative products dating prior to 26 April 2014 were declared to be outside of [[Star Wars canon|canon]] and were then grouped together as "[[Star Wars Legends]] ".<ref>{{Harvtxt|StarWars.com|2014}}</ref>


=== Before the imperial era ===
=== Before the imperial era ===
As major storms swept across the surface of Utapau, the [[Utai (Star Wars)|Utais]] built underground dwellings. As the storms intensified, the [[Pau'an|Pau'ans]] also eventually settled in the chasms. A military defence fleet was set up, but Utapau remained as neutral as possible during the [[Clone Wars (Star Wars)|Clone Wars]].<ref name=":10" />
As major storms swept across the surface of Utapau, the [[Utai (Star Wars)|Utais]] built underground dwellings. As the storms intensified, the [[Pau'an]]s also eventually settled in the chasms. A military defence fleet was set up, but Utapau remained as neutral as possible during the [[Clone Wars (Star Wars)|Clone Wars]].<ref name=":10" />


=== After the Clone Wars ===
=== After the Clone Wars ===
The army of the [[Galactic Republic]] eventually occupied [[Utapau]] as the [[Galactic Empire (Star Wars)|Galactic Empire]] emerged. The [[Palpatine|Emperor]] then set up one of his secret warehouses there. Initially, the planet was ruled by an Imperial leader. Later, the human Fey family took control of Utapau. Once liberated, the planet decided to join the [[New Republic (Star Wars)|New Republic]].<ref name=":10" />
The army of the [[Galactic Republic]] eventually occupied Utapau as the [[Galactic Empire (Star Wars)|Galactic Empire]] emerged. The [[Palpatine|Emperor]] then set up one of his secret warehouses there. Initially, the planet was ruled by an Imperial leader. Later, the human Fey family took control of Utapau. Once liberated, the planet decided to join the [[New Republic (Star Wars)|New Republic]].<ref name=":10" />


== Concept and creation ==
== Concept and creation ==


=== Origin of the concept ===
=== Origin of the concept ===
The name of the planet Utapau appears as early as [[George Lucas|George Lucas's]] first drafts, when he wrote the first draft of the narrative for The Star Wars, in May 1974. The main character in this draft, Annikin, was living in hiding on a desert planet called Utapau, with his brother and father.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Gramuglia|2020}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Labrousse|Schall|p=57|2015}}</ref> Although the name of the desert planet was later changed to [[Tatooine]], the original name was retained for the planet riddled with wells that served as the setting for the duel between [[Obi-Wan Kenobi vs. Anakin Skywalker|Obi-Wan Kenobi]] and the separatist general [[Grievous]].<ref>{{Harvtxt|Rinzler|2007|p=17}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Labrousse|Schall|p=335|2015}}</ref>
The name of the planet Utapau appears as early as [[George Lucas]]'s first drafts, when he wrote the first draft of the narrative for ''[[Star Wars (film)|Star Wars]]'', in May 1974. The main character in this draft, Annikin, was living in hiding on a desert planet called Utapau, with his brother and father.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Gramuglia|2020}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Labrousse|Schall|p=57|2015}}</ref> Although the name of the desert planet was later changed to [[Tatooine]], the original name was retained for the planet riddled with wells that served as the setting for the duel between [[Obi-Wan Kenobi vs. Anakin Skywalker|Obi-Wan Kenobi]] and the separatist general [[Grievous]].<ref>{{Harvtxt|Rinzler|2007|p=17}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Labrousse|Schall|p=335|2015}}</ref>

⚫
The first sketches of the planet Utapau were made in June 2002 by Erik Tiemens, a concept artist working on ''[[Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith|Revenge of the Sith]]''. The concept for the planet Utapau came from ideas that had not been used for the planet [[Geonosis]], featured in ''[[Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones|Attack of the Clones]]''. Indeed, Erik Tiemens wanted to incorporate mud puddles or springs into this desert planet, ideas rejected by George Lucas, who wanted "something dry ".<ref name=":16" /> These ideas were nevertheless retained, and were used in the design of the Utapau planet. To complete his initial idea, Tiemens then added a surface riddled with wells and sinkholes, in which rotting water stagnated. For the architecture of the pau'ans, Tiemens drew inspiration from some of [[Ralph McQuarrie|Ralph McQuarrie's]] unused drawings.<ref name=":16">{{Harvtxt|Rinzler|2005|pp=42–45}}</ref> Like several planets in the ''Star Wars'' universe, Utapau's architecture was inspired by the American architect [[Frank Lloyd Wright]], creating a modern, technological atmosphere that is fully integrated into its natural environment.<ref name=":17">{{Harvtxt|Hidalgo|2005|pp=33–34}}</ref>


⚫
The first sketches of the planet Utapau were made in June 2002 by Erik Tiemens, a concept artist working on [[Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith|Revenge of the Sith]]. The concept for the planet Utapau came from ideas that had not been used for the planet [[Geonosis]], featured in [[Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones|Attack of the Clones]]. Indeed, Erik Tiemens wanted to incorporate mud puddles or springs into this desert planet, ideas rejected by George Lucas, who wanted "something dry ".<ref name=":16" /> These ideas were nevertheless retained, and were used in the design of the Utapau planet. To complete his initial idea, Tiemens then added a surface riddled with wells and sinkholes, in which rotting water stagnated. For the architecture of the pau'ans, Tiemens drew inspiration from some of [[Ralph McQuarrie|Ralph McQuarrie's]] unused drawings.<ref name=":16">{{Harvtxt|Rinzler|2005|pp=42-45}}</ref> Like several planets in the Star Wars universe, Utapau's architecture was inspired by the American architect [[Frank Lloyd Wright]], creating a modern, technological atmosphere that is fully integrated into its natural environment.<ref name=":17">{{Harvtxt|Hidalgo|2005|pp=33-34}}</ref>
=== Creation of the inhabitants ===
=== Creation of the inhabitants ===
The first concepts of utapauns were those of a hairy, [[lemur]]-like species. George Lucas came up with the idea, wanting very fragile creatures in a very fragile world. Several preparatory drawings of these people were made, before the idea was abandoned. Lee Sang-jun, artist on the film [[Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith|Revenge of the Sith]], then recycled a concept representing the inhabitants of the planet [[Mustafar]], large humanoids dressed in purple robes, organised around a religious society, for the design of the Pau'ans , at the request of George Lucas, who greatly appreciated the concept. These creatures were transposed to Utapau and given a more important role in the film's story.<ref name=":13" />
The first concepts of utapauns were those of a hairy, [[lemur]]-like species. George Lucas came up with the idea, wanting very fragile creatures in a very fragile world. Several preparatory drawings of these people were made, before the idea was abandoned. Lee Sang-jun, artist on the film ''[[Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith|Revenge of the Sith]]'', then recycled a concept representing the inhabitants of the planet [[Mustafar]], large humanoids dressed in purple robes, organised around a religious society, for the design of the Pau'ans , at the request of George Lucas, who greatly appreciated the concept. These creatures were transposed to Utapau and given a more important role in the film's story.<ref name=":13" />


The Pau'ans are created with a mixture of make-up, prosthetics and digital effects, and were always intended to be physical characters.<ref name=":18">{{Harvtxt|Salisbury|2018|p=101}}</ref> [[Bruce Spence]], who plays Tion Medon, reports that the make-up took over four hours to apply and over an hour to remove. Coupled with modern prosthetics, this make-up allows the actor to show more facial expressions.<ref name=":18" /> Although only a male version of the make-up can be seen in the film, several tests were also carried out on female versions.<ref name=":13" /> The utais, a smaller species than the pau'ans, are generated entirely in computer-generated images.<ref name=":13" />
The Pau'ans are created with a mixture of make-up, prosthetics and digital effects, and were always intended to be physical characters.<ref name=":18">{{Harvtxt|Salisbury|2018|p=101}}</ref> [[Bruce Spence]], who plays Tion Medon, reports that the make-up took over four hours to apply and over an hour to remove. Coupled with modern prosthetics, this make-up allows the actor to show more facial expressions.<ref name=":18" /> Although only a male version of the make-up can be seen in the film, several tests were also carried out on female versions.<ref name=":13" /> The utais, a smaller species than the pau'ans, are generated entirely in computer-generated images.<ref name=":13" />
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=== Models and inlay ===
=== Models and inlay ===
[[File:Whaleskeleton.jpg|thumb|A [[Cetacea|cetacean]] skeleton, the inspiration for Utapau's architecture]]
[[File:Whaleskeleton.jpg|thumb|A [[cetacea]]n skeleton, the inspiration for Utapau's architecture]]
As with many of the planets in [[Revenge of the Sith]], Utapau's background is made up of a mixture of real images and [[Computer-generated imagery|computer-generated images]], or "digital paintings", in reference to [[Matte painting|cache painting]].<ref name=":19">{{Harvtxt|Parisi|2007|pp=44-49}}</ref> Most of the discussions between the administrators of Pau City and Obi-Wan Kenobi are filmed in the [[20th Century Studios|Fox studios in Sydney]], on a blue screen, before a background is added.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Lucciardi|2017|p=257}}</ref>
As with many of the planets in [[Revenge of the Sith]], Utapau's background is made up of a mixture of real images and [[Computer-generated imagery|computer-generated images]], or "digital paintings", in reference to [[Matte painting|cache painting]].<ref name=":19">{{Harvtxt|Parisi|2007|pp=44–49}}</ref> Most of the discussions between the administrators of Pau City and Obi-Wan Kenobi are filmed in the [[20th Century Studios|Fox studios in Sydney]], on a blue screen, before a background is added.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Lucciardi|2017|p=257}}</ref>


The landscapes of Utapau were also created from scale models, to which digital effects were later added, under the supervision of Brian Gernand, ILM's head of models.<ref name=":17" /> To give the models a three-dimensional look, this work was carried out in close collaboration with the film's art department61.<ref name=":19" /> Two large [[Scale model|scale models]], at different scales, were built: one representing one of the planet's wells, created at the two-hundredth scale and measuring 5.50 m by 1.80 m, and another reconfigurable model representing Pau City, created at the ninetieth scale and measuring 4.80 m by 7.30 m.<ref name=":19" /> Thousands of architectural structures were moulded before being hand-painted, then inserted around the crevices <ref name=":19" />, cut out using copper [[engraving]] or a [[Laser cutting|laser]].<ref name=":17" /> The bone structures representing the architecture of Utapau are built in such a way that they can be dismantled and then reassembled in different ways to create other buildings.<ref name=":17" /> The entire model is covered in miniature spotlights, which highlight certain details of the buildings. Some of the bulbs measure less than a millimetre, but are needed to illuminate the model. It was filmed in two stages, first intact for the shots of Obi-Wan Kenobi's arrival on the planet, and then after several parts of the model had been twisted, burnt and broken, for the shots of the battle.<ref name=":19" />
The landscapes of Utapau were also created from scale models, to which digital effects were later added, under the supervision of Brian Gernand, ILM's head of models.<ref name=":17" /> To give the models a three-dimensional look, this work was carried out in close collaboration with the film's art department61.<ref name=":19" /> Two large [[scale model]]s, at different scales, were built: one representing one of the planet's wells, created at the two-hundredth scale and measuring 5.50 m by 1.80 m, and another reconfigurable model representing Pau City, created at the ninetieth scale and measuring 4.80 m by 7.30 m.<ref name=":19" /> Thousands of architectural structures were moulded before being hand-painted, then inserted around the crevices,<ref name=":19" /> cut out using copper [[engraving]] or a [[Laser cutting|laser]].<ref name=":17" /> The bone structures representing the architecture of Utapau are built in such a way that they can be dismantled and then reassembled in different ways to create other buildings.<ref name=":17" /> The entire model is covered in miniature spotlights, which highlight certain details of the buildings. Some of the bulbs measure less than a millimetre, but are needed to illuminate the model. It was filmed in two stages, first intact for the shots of Obi-Wan Kenobi's arrival on the planet, and then after several parts of the model had been twisted, burnt and broken, for the shots of the battle.<ref name=":19" />


To allow a high level of detail, the model representing Utapau's main shaft is made entirely of [[foam]]. In order to simulate the flaked rock appearance of the shaft, [[wax]] mixed with [[clay]] was then brushed over the entire model, before a few bushes were added.<ref name=":19" /> [[Foam board]] models were used to obtain scale references. Several digital models are then added to complete the landscape.<ref name=":20">{{Harvtxt|Sansweet|Hidalgo|2006|pp=272-277}}</ref> Inhabitants were also modelled on the basis of actors who had already been made up.<ref name=":20" />
To allow a high level of detail, the model representing Utapau's main shaft is made entirely of [[foam]]. In order to simulate the flaked rock appearance of the shaft, [[wax]] mixed with [[clay]] was then brushed over the entire model, before a few bushes were added.<ref name=":19" /> [[Foam board]] models were used to obtain scale references. Several digital models are then added to complete the landscape.<ref name=":20">{{Harvtxt|Sansweet|Hidalgo|2006|pp=272–277}}</ref> Inhabitants were also modelled on the basis of actors who had already been made up.<ref name=":20" />


For scenes requiring interaction with CGI-generated local wildlife, actor [[Ewan McGregor]] was filmed sitting on a mechanical saddle attached to a hydraulic dial,<ref name=":20" /> both of which were replaced by CGI in post-production.<ref name=":9" /> A Komodo monitor served as the model for the animation of Boga, [[Obi-Wan Kenobi vs. Anakin Skywalker|Obi-Wan Kenobi's]] mount.<ref name=":9" />
For scenes requiring interaction with CGI-generated local wildlife, actor [[Ewan McGregor]] was filmed sitting on a mechanical saddle attached to a hydraulic dial,<ref name=":20" /> both of which were replaced by CGI in post-production.<ref name=":9" /> A Komodo monitor served as the model for the animation of Boga, [[Obi-Wan Kenobi vs. Anakin Skywalker|Obi-Wan Kenobi's]] mount.<ref name=":9" />


=== Incomplete adaptation in animation ===
=== Incomplete adaptation in animation ===
The planet Utapau should have made an appearance in the animated series [[The Clone Wars]]. In the story arc, Jedi [[Obi-Wan Kenobi]] and [[Anakin Skywalker]] investigate the death of another Jedi on Utapau, which leads to the discovery of a new Separatist weapon designed by General Grievous.<ref name=":15" /> Despite the premature end of the series, numerous concept images detailing the architecture, wildlife and inhabitants of the planet were created.<ref name=":15" /><ref name=":12" />
The planet Utapau should have made an appearance in the animated series ''[[Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)|The Clone Wars]]''. In the story arc, Jedi [[Obi-Wan Kenobi]] and [[Anakin Skywalker]] investigate the death of another Jedi on Utapau, which leads to the discovery of a new Separatist weapon designed by General Grievous.<ref name=":15" /> Despite the premature end of the series, numerous concept images detailing the architecture, wildlife and inhabitants of the planet were created.<ref name=":15" /><ref name=":12" />


As some of the animation and dubbing of the episodes had already been done when the series was discontinued, it is possible to access the preparatory work for these episodes, which has been posted online, in order to discover the narrative framework.<ref name=":14" /><ref>{{Harvtxt|Dietsch|2014}}</ref>
As some of the animation and dubbing of the episodes had already been done when the series was discontinued, it is possible to access the preparatory work for these episodes, which has been posted online, in order to discover the narrative framework.<ref name=":14" /><ref>{{Harvtxt|Dietsch|2014}}</ref>
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=== Video games ===
=== Video games ===
As a planet in the Star Wars universe, Utapau appears in several video games.
As a planet in the ''Star Wars'' universe, Utapau appears in several video games.


Utapau is featured in the 2005 video game adaptation of [[Revenge of the Sith]], in a level where the player takes on the role of Obi-Wan Kenobi, first battling General Grievous before fleeing the planet after [[Order 66 (Star Wars)|Order 66.]] <ref>{{Harvtxt|Gratton|2022}}</ref> Utapau is one of the terrains in which the player can fight in the 2005 game
Utapau is featured in the 2005 video game adaptation of ''[[Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith (video game)|Revenge of the Sith]]'', in a level where the player takes on the role of [[Obi-Wan Kenobi]], first battling [[General Grievous]] before fleeing the planet after [[Order 66 (Star Wars)|Order 66]].<ref>{{Harvtxt|Gratton|2022}}</ref> Utapau is one of the terrains in which the player can fight in the 2005 game ''[[Star Wars: Battlefront II (2005 video game)|Star Wars: Battlefront II]]''. As in the film, [[battle droids]] face off against [[clone trooper]]s.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Otway|2020}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Otway|2021|p=xx}}</ref>
[[Star Wars: Battlefront II (2005 video game)|Star Wars: Battlefront II]]. As in the film, [[battle droids]] face off against [[Clone trooper|clone troopers]].<ref>{{Harvtxt|Otway|2020}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Otway|2021|p=xx}}</ref>


Also in 2005, Utapau is one of the planets that can be visited in Lego Star Wars, the video game, with a level featuring the Battle of Utapau.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Provo|2005}}</ref> It also features in the game's re-adaptations, Lego Star Wars: The Complete Saga in 2007 and Lego Star Wars: The Skywalker Saga in 2022 69,70.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Frechette|2008}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Jones|2021}}</ref>
Also in 2005, Utapau is one of the planets that can be visited in ''[[Lego Star Wars: The Video Game]]'', with a level featuring the Battle of Utapau.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Provo|2005}}</ref> It also features in the game's re-adaptations, ''[[Lego Star Wars: The Complete Saga]]'' in 2007 and ''[[Lego Star Wars: The Skywalker Saga]]'' in 2022 69,70.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Frechette|2008}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|Jones|2021}}</ref>


=== Figurines ===
=== Figurines ===
Lego produces action figures depicting scenes set in Utapau. In 2005, the box number 7255 General Grievous Chase was released. It includes a motorbike figure and one of the varactyl Boga, along with two character figures: one of [[General Grievous|Grievous]] and one of [[Obi-Wan Kenobi]].<ref group="Figurine">{{Cite web |title=LEGO 7255 General Grievous Chase |url=https://brickset.com/sets/7255-1/General-Grievous-Chase |access-date=2024-03-27 |website=Brickset.com |language=en}}</ref> The number 7656 General Grievous Starfighter, released two years later, includes as the name suggests an interceptor figure and one of Grievous. In 2014, issue 75036 Utapau Troopers was released, including a Separatist droid figure as well as four clone figures.<ref group="Figurine">{{Cite web |title=LEGO 75036 Utapau Troopers |url=https://brickset.com/sets/75036-1/Utapau-Troopers |access-date=2024-03-27 |website=Brickset.com |language=en}}</ref> The same year also saw the release of number 75040 General Grievous Wheel Bike. It includes a motorbike figure and two of the characters: Grievous and Obi-Wan Kenobi again note γ.<ref group="Figurine">{{Cite web |title=LEGO 75040 General Grievous' Wheel Bike |url=https://brickset.com/sets/75040-1/General-Grievous-Wheel-Bike |access-date=2024-03-27 |website=Brickset.com |language=en}}</ref> Finally, in 2020, number 75286 General Grievous's Starfighter went on sale. It includes a figure of Grievous's ship, as well as three character figures: one of Grievous, one of Obi-Wan Kenobi and one of a clone trooper.<ref group="Figurine">{{Cite web |title=LEGO 75286 General Grievous's Starfighter |url=https://brickset.com/sets/75286-1/General-Grievous-s-Starfighter |access-date=2024-03-27 |website=Brickset.com |language=en}}</ref>
Lego produces action figures depicting scenes set in Utapau. In 2005, the box number 7255 General Grievous Chase was released. It includes a motorbike figure and one of the varactyl Boga, along with two character figures: one of [[General Grievous|Grievous]] and one of [[Obi-Wan Kenobi]].<ref group="Figurine">{{Cite web |title=LEGO 7255 General Grievous Chase |url=https://brickset.com/sets/7255-1/General-Grievous-Chase |access-date=2024-03-27 |website=Brickset.com |language=en}}</ref> The number 7656 General Grievous Starfighter, released two years later, includes as the name suggests an interceptor figure and one of Grievous. In 2014, issue 75036 Utapau Troopers was released, including a Separatist droid figure as well as four clone figures.<ref group="Figurine">{{Cite web |title=LEGO 75036 Utapau Troopers |url=https://brickset.com/sets/75036-1/Utapau-Troopers |access-date=2024-03-27 |website=Brickset.com |language=en}}</ref> The same year also saw the release of number 75040 General Grievous Wheel Bike. It includes a motorbike figure and two of the characters: Grievous and Obi-Wan Kenobi again note γ.<ref group="Figurine">{{Cite web |title=LEGO 75040 General Grievous' Wheel Bike |url=https://brickset.com/sets/75040-1/General-Grievous-Wheel-Bike |access-date=2024-03-27 |website=Brickset.com |language=en}}</ref> Finally, in 2020, number 75286 General Grievous's Starfighter went on sale. It includes a figure of Grievous's ship, as well as three character figures: one of Grievous, one of Obi-Wan Kenobi and one of a clone trooper.<ref group="Figurine">{{Cite web |title=LEGO 75286 General Grievous's Starfighter |url=https://brickset.com/sets/75286-1/General-Grievous-s-Starfighter |access-date=2024-03-27 |website=Brickset.com |language=en}}</ref>


Several figurines featuring the inhabitants of Utapau were also marketed by Hasbro to coincide with the release of the film [[Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith|Revenge of the Sith]] in 2005.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Colella|Girod|2005|pp=5-7}}</ref>
Several figurines featuring the inhabitants of Utapau were also marketed by Hasbro to coincide with the release of the film ''[[Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith|Revenge of the Sith]]'' in 2005.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Colella|Girod|2005|pp=5–7}}</ref>


In 2005, several models of Utapau were presented at a Star Wars exhibition at the Cité des sciences et de l'industrie at the Porte de la Villette in Paris.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Alix|Barthélémy|2005}}</ref>
In 2005, several models of Utapau were presented at a ''Star Wars'' exhibition at the Cité des sciences et de l'industrie at the Porte de la Villette in Paris.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Alix|Barthélémy|2005}}</ref>


== Reception and posterity ==
== Reception and posterity ==
{{multiple image
{{multiple image
| width =
| width =
| footer =
| footer =
| image1 = Otakuthon 2014- Grievous (14850642180).jpg
| image1 = Montreal Comiccon 2016 - Obi-Wan Kenobi (28249469755).jpg
| alt1 =
| alt1 =
| caption1 = Jedi [[Obi-Wan Kenobi]] known for the war on Utapau
| caption1 = Jedi [[Obi-Wan Kenobi]] known for the war on Utapau
| image2 = Montreal Comiccon 2016 - Obi-Wan Kenobi (28249469755).jpg
| image2 = Otakuthon 2014- Grievous (14850642180).jpg
| alt2 =
| alt2 =
| caption2 = Separatist cyborg general [[Grievous]] known for the war on Utapau
| caption2 = Separatist cyborg general [[Grievous]] known for the war on Utapau
}}
}}

The scenes that take place in Utapau, and in particular the lines associated with them, are the source of many [[Internet meme|Internet memes]].<ref>{{Harvtxt|Sherlock|2021c}}</ref> One of the most notable scenes in this situation is the one that precedes the duel between the [[Jedi]] [[Obi-Wan Kenobi]] and the separatist [[General Grievous|Grievous]]. Obi-Wan's "Hello there!" followed by General Grievous "General Kenobi, you are a bold one" is ranked as the character's best line by the [[Screen Rant]] website.<ref name=":21" /><ref>{{Harvtxt|Moran|2021}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|McCormick|2021}}</ref> Similarly, the specialist website [[Comic Book Resources]] ranked the duel between Obi-Wan and General Grievous as the ninth best lightsaber duel in the saga.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Liu|2016}}</ref>
The scenes that take place in Utapau, and in particular the lines associated with them, are the source of many [[Internet meme]]s.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Sherlock|2021c}}</ref> One of the most notable scenes in this situation is the one that precedes the duel between the [[Jedi]] [[Obi-Wan Kenobi]] and the separatist [[General Grievous|Grievous]]. Obi-Wan's "Hello there!" followed by General Grievous "General Kenobi, you are a bold one" is ranked as the character's best line by the [[Screen Rant]] website.<ref name=":21" /><ref>{{Harvtxt|Moran|2021}}</ref><ref>{{Harvtxt|McCormick|2021}}</ref> Similarly, the specialist website [[Comic Book Resources]] ranked the duel between Obi-Wan and General Grievous as the ninth best lightsaber duel in the saga.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Liu|2016}}</ref>


The [[AlloCiné|Allociné]] website describes it as "a strange planet, lost in the outer rim of the galaxy". In particular, it highlights the fact that Obi-Wan decides to pursue Grievous to such an unusual world, far from the centre of the Galaxy.<ref>{{Harvtxt|AlloCine|2020}}</ref>
The [[AlloCiné|Allociné]] website describes it as "a strange planet, lost in the outer rim of the galaxy". In particular, it highlights the fact that Obi-Wan decides to pursue Grievous to such an unusual world, far from the centre of the Galaxy.<ref>{{Harvtxt|AlloCine|2020}}</ref>


The lemur-like appearance originally intended for the Utapauns was adopted for the lurmens eventually present in [[The Clone Wars]] television series.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Crouse|2016}}</ref>
The lemur-like appearance originally intended for the Utapauns was adopted for the lurmens eventually present in ''[[Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)|The Clone Wars]]'' television series.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Crouse|2016}}</ref>


The chase scene in which Obi-Wan rides a varactyl was also the inspiration for a similar scene in the ninth episode of the saga: [[Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker|Star Wars, Episode IX: The Skywalker Ascension.]] In the latter, [[Finn (Star Wars)|Finn]] rides horse-like orbaks to attack the ships of the Last Order.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Caicoya|2019}}</ref>
The chase scene in which Obi-Wan rides a varactyl was also the inspiration for a similar scene in the ninth episode of the saga: ''[[Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker|Star Wars, Episode IX: The Skywalker Ascension]]''. In the latter, [[Finn (Star Wars)|Finn]] rides horse-like orbaks to attack the ships of the Last Order.<ref>{{Harvtxt|Caicoya|2019}}</ref>


== Notes, References ==
== Notes, References ==
Line 187: Line 189:


=== Bibliography ===
=== Bibliography ===
{{ref begin|30em|indent=yes}}
{{refbegin|30em|indent=yes}}
* {{Cite news |last1=Alix |first1=Grégoire |last2=Barthélémy |first2=Pierre |date=2005-10-28 |title=Le temps d'une exposition, la Cité des sciences devient la vitrine de "Star Wars" |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/cinema/article/2005/10/28/le-temps-d-une-exposition-la-cite-des-sciences-devient-la-vitrine-de-star-wars_704424_3476.html |access-date=2024-03-28 |work=Le Monde.fr |language=fr}}
* {{Cite news |last1=Alix |first1=Grégoire |last2=Barthélémy |first2=Pierre |date=2005-10-28 |title=Le temps d'une exposition, la Cité des sciences devient la vitrine de "Star Wars" |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/cinema/article/2005/10/28/le-temps-d-une-exposition-la-cite-des-sciences-devient-la-vitrine-de-star-wars_704424_3476.html |access-date=2024-03-28 |work=Le Monde.fr |language=fr}}
* {{Cite book |last1=Barr |first1=Patricia |url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/907679500 |title=Ultimate Star Wars |last2=Bray |first2=Adam |last3=Wallace |first3=Daniel |last4=Windham |first4=Ryder |date=2015 |publisher=DK Publishing |isbn=978-1-4654-3601-6 |edition=1 |location=New York, New York |oclc=907679500}}
* {{Cite book |last1=Barr |first1=Patricia |url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/907679500 |title=Ultimate Star Wars |last2=Bray |first2=Adam |last3=Wallace |first3=Daniel |last4=Windham |first4=Ryder |date=2015 |publisher=DK Publishing |isbn=978-1-4654-3601-6 |edition=1 |location=New York, New York |oclc=907679500}}
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* {{Cite web |last= |title=The Legendary Star Wars Expanded Universe Turns a New Page |url=https://www.starwars.com/news/the-legendary-star-wars-expanded-universe-turns-a-new-page |date=April 25, 2014 |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=StarWars.com |language=en |ref={{harvid|StarWars.com|2014}}}}
* {{Cite web |last= |title=The Legendary Star Wars Expanded Universe Turns a New Page |url=https://www.starwars.com/news/the-legendary-star-wars-expanded-universe-turns-a-new-page |date=April 25, 2014 |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=StarWars.com |language=en |ref={{harvid|StarWars.com|2014}}}}
* {{Cite magazine |magazine=Lucasfilm Magazine |title=vol. hors-série no 1: Le Guide officiel du film La Menace fantôme |date=1999 |publisher=Courleciel |location=Paris |ref={{harvid|Lucasfilm Magazine|1999}}}}
* {{Cite magazine |magazine=Lucasfilm Magazine |title=vol. hors-série no 1: Le Guide officiel du film La Menace fantôme |date=1999 |publisher=Courleciel |location=Paris |ref={{harvid|Lucasfilm Magazine|1999}}}}
{{ref end}}
{{refend}}


== See Also ==
== See also ==
⚫
{{Portal|Speculative fiction/Science fiction|Film|United States|Disney
⚫
}}


* [[Star Wars]]
* ''[[Star Wars]]''
* [[List of Star Wars planets and moons]]
* [[List of Star Wars planets and moons]]


== External links ==
==External links==

* [https://www.starwars.com/ Official website Star Wars]
* [https://www.starwars.com/ Official website Star Wars]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X8bQmSOVN-I Video showing never-before-seen scenes from The Clone Wars series set on Utapau]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X8bQmSOVN-I Video showing never-before-seen scenes from The Clone Wars series set on Utapau]
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* [[Guardians of the Whills]]
* [[Guardians of the Whills]]
* [[Mandalorians]]
* [[Mandalorians]]
}}|group7=[[List of Star Wars planets and moons|Planets</br>and moons]]|list7=* [[Alderaan]]
}}|group7=[[List of Star Wars planets and moons|Planets<br />and moons]]|list7=* [[Alderaan]]
* [[Coruscant]]
* [[Coruscant]]
* [[Dagobah]]
* [[Dagobah]]
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* ''[[Tantive IV]]''
* ''[[Tantive IV]]''
}}|group10=Games|list10=* [[Dejarik]]
}}|group10=Games|list10=* [[Dejarik]]
* [[Sabacc]]}}
⚫
* [[Sabacc]]}}{{Portal|Speculative fiction/Science fiction|Film|United States|Disney

⚫
}}
[[Category:Star Wars]]
[[Category:Star Wars]]
[[Category:Star Wars planets]]
[[Category:Star Wars planets]]

Latest revision as of 00:01, 19 April 2024

Utapau
An artist's vision of an arid, rocky planet, like Utapau.
First appearanceStar Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith
Created byGeorge Lucas
GenreScience Fiction
In-universe information
TypePlanet
LocationOutside edge
CharactersUtai,Pau'an and Amanins
BattlesBattle of Utapau
AtmosphereBreathable
Language
  • Pau'an
  • Utai
  • Basic

Utapau is a planet featured in the Star Wars fictional universe. Located in the Outer Rim, it orbits a star of the same name. It is most famous for being the scene of the Battle of Utapau, marked by the duel where Obi-Wan Kenobi kills General Grievous. It is also known as the homeworld of the Grand Inquisitor of the Galactic Empire, an agent under the orders of Darth Vader.

Despite its mostly desert surface, Utapau is the home world of the Utais, Pau'ans and Amanins. Historically neutral during the major galactic conflicts, the final moments of the Clone Wars saw Utapau occupied by the Confederation of Independent Systems and then by the Galactic Empire.

The planet was created for the film Revenge of the Sith. It was created using a number of cinematographic disciplines, largely using computer-generated images (CGI), but also models, live-action shots and inset actors.

Utapau is also featured in the TV series The Clone Wars, in the novelisation of the film, and in a number of novels, video games and comic strips.

Context[edit]

The Star Wars universe is set in a galaxy that is the scene of clashes between the Jedi Knights and the Dark Lords of the Sith, people who are sensitive to the Force, a mysterious energy field that gives them parapsychic powers. The Jedi master the Light Side of the Force, a beneficial and defensive power, to maintain peace in the galaxy. The Sith use the Dark Side, a harmful and destructive power, for their own purposes and to dominate the galaxy.[1]

Although the Galactic Republic and the Jedi Order seem to have succeeded in securing peace across the galaxy, the discovery of a Sith apprentice on Naboo in 32 BC BY[Notes 1] leads Jedi Knight Obi-Wan Kenobi to take young Anakin Skywalker, who possesses a previously unseen affinity for the Force, under his wing. A war then begins between the Galactic Republic, led by Supreme Chancellor Palpatine, and the secessionists of the Confederacy of Independent Systems and their droid army. As the war comes to an end, the separatist leaders are forced to retreat to the remote planet Utapau.[2]

Geography[edit]

Spatial location[edit]

Location of Utapau in the galaxy (unofficial map).

Utapau is located in the Tarabba sector of the Outer Rim. The planet, in the system of the same name, orbits the star of the same name. Of the seven planets in this system, Utapau is the fourth from the star. Nine satellites orbit the planet, making it the second planet in the sector with the most natural satellites.[3][4]

More specifically, it is part of the greater Sarin sector, a group of sectors including Qeimet and the surrounding areas, including Tarabba. This spatial region is the result of a military division of the galaxy made by the Galactic Republic, with each sector associated with a clone sector army. The sector army to which Utapau belongs is the 15th clone army of the Republic, also known as the "Nebular Hook ".[5]

Topography[edit]

Utapau is particularly arid. Its surface is covered with desert plains. However, it is also covered by numerous chasms, faults, fossilised dunes and sinkholes.[6][7] While violent winds batter the surface, the bottoms of the sinkholes shelter bodies of water, as well as a large subterranean ocean.[4][6][8] Utapau's nine moons exert a strong gravitational pull on the planet, giving rise to strong tides that erode the planet's rock and cause major earthquakes.[6]

A landscape of canyons and gorges, similar to those found on Utapau.
Arid desert areas, with one watercourse, similar to the landscapes of Utapau.
A sinkhole in rocky soil with a body of water at the bottom, similar to those seen on Utapau.
Several representative landscapes of the Utapau area

Forms of life[edit]

Intelligent species[edit]

This planet is home to two intelligent species: the utai and the pau'ans. Collectively known as "utapauns", most of them live in cities within the chasms.[4]

The Utai make up the majority of the Utapau[9] population. Humble by nature, they form the working class of the planet. They generally live in underground caves, thanks to their night vision.[9] They have pedunculated eyes and are small.[10][11][12]

The Pau'ans are nicknamed "Ancients" because of their long life expectancy, which is counted in centuries. Carnivores, they have sharp teeth and are large in stature. They have long limbs[13] and no ears.[9] Their eyes are ringed with red, while their skin is grey and cracked.[10][11][14][15] They are closely related to the Utapau fauna, which they have mostly domesticated, and which they use to move around Utapau's rugged surface, or to defend themselves.[16][17] Although they are a minority on the planet, they are its ruling elite, acting as administrators, diplomats and bureaucrats.[9] They prefer darkness to light, and raw meat to cooked meat.[9] Despite their gruff appearance, they are peaceful and conciliatory.[18] Cooperation between Utais and Pau'ans is essential in Utapau societies, and each species respects and appreciates members of the other.[19]

Utapau is also home to another intelligent species, the amanins.[20] Although they originated on Maridun, many tribes settled on the plains of Utapau, with a more primitive lifestyle, close to that of hunter-gatherers. They rarely ventured into the towns.[21] Tall, lanky bipeds, their skin secretes a poisonous mucus, and their small mouths are filled with sharp teeth. They possess several strange abilities, such as the ability to roll into a perfect ball, enabling them to pursue their prey over long distances, or the ability to give birth to two identical individuals if cut in half.[22]

Some of the most famous people in the Galaxy are from Utapau. One of the best-known representatives of the amanin species is the bounty hunter Amanaman, who frequented the court of the crime lord Jabba the Hutt.[23] As for the pau'an species, one of its best-known representatives is the Grand Inquisitor of the Galactic Empire, formerly a guard at the Jedi Temple.[15][24][25]

Animal species[edit]

An artist's vision of a pterodactyl, the main source of inspiration for the dactillions, the flying reptiles that populate Utapau.

In addition to the intelligent species that inhabit Utapau, several animal species are endemic to the planet.

Giant spiders, known as ginnthos, can be seen all over the rocky planet, even in the cities of the Utais. They are large, black and purple in colour, and capture their prey.[26]

Other, more peaceful, species of animal were domesticated by the Utais, such as the varactyls, giant lizards with clawed feet that served as mounts for the peoples of the planet.[9] Cold-blooded herbivores, they sport numerous multicoloured feathers.[27]

Winged mounts are also used by the Pau'ans: dactillions. Similar to pterosaurs, they soar through the planet's air using the winds that sweep across it and cling to the walls of wells using their powerful claws.[27][28]

Living and technology[edit]

Despite the inhospitable surface, the inhabitants of Utapau created cities built on the walls of the underground Utapau caves. These cities grew rich mainly through mining.[9] Precious minerals are found beneath the surface of the planet, in the large underground ocean.[4][6] The Pau'ans are also experts at harnessing the wind, which they use to power their vertical cities[29]

The planet's main astroport is that of its capital: Pau City.[6] During the Battle of Utapau, the administrator of this port was the pau'an Tion Medon,[13] descendant of the man who unified the different populations of Utapau.[19] Due to the lack of vegetation on the planet's surface, bone is the main building material. This architectural style, known as "ossic", uses the skeletons of various gigantic creatures inhabiting the subterranean ocean to construct the planet's buildings. The bones are used in their raw state, dried or fossilised as required.[6] Utapau's cities, located on the surface of the large chasms covering the planet, often extend several levels below the surface.[6] Several underground passages link the various cities together.[6]

To make it easier for the inhabitants to get around between the planet's crevasses, the large vertical shafts and the rocky mountainsides, Utais and Pau'ans use "motor-wheels ",[Notes 2] made up of two cylindrical discs covered with toothed teeth. Generally for civilian use, a motorbike was hijacked by General Grievous for use as a combat vehicle during the Battle of Utapau.[30] The planet also has a space defence force, managed by the administrator of Pau City.[31]

Official universe[edit]

Clone Wars and the Battle of Utapau[edit]

Cosplay of clone troopers present at the Battle of Utapau: a member of the Airborne Infantry
Cosplay of clone troopers present at the Battle of Utapau: le commandant Cody

During the Clone Wars, the Jedi learn that a Jedi master has been found dead in Pau City. Obi-Wan Kenobi and Anakin Skywalker go there and discover that the Confederation of Independent Systems (CSI), an enemy of the Galactic Republic, is linked to the incident.[32] The separatists, led by the cyborg general of the droid armies Grievious, wanted to buy a gigantic kyber crystal from Utapau, the main component of many weapons, including lightsabers.[33][34] However, the two Jedi decide to destroy the crystal rather than let General Grievous escape with it.[32][35] This allowed them to deprive the enemy camp of such an advantage.[4]

In 19 BC, in the final moments of the war, after the Battle of Coruscant and the rout of the Confederacy of Independent Systems, the survivors of the Separatist Council, such as Nute Gunray and Shu Mai, temporarily fled to Utapau. The Confederation's secret leader, Darth Sidious, then orders General Grievous to relocate the Council to Mustafar. Grievous was unable to get there, but the rest of the Council left Utapau for Mustafar.[36][37][38]

Chancellor Palpatine, still hiding his secret identity as Darth Sidious, reveals to the Republic the location of the Separatist general and the other leaders of the organisation: the remote world of Utapau. The Jedi Obi-Wan Kenobi was therefore sent there on a mission to stop Grievous.[39][40] Landing in Pau City, Obi-Wan is informed of the presence of the man he is tracking by Administrator Tion Medon. Medon wants to repel the Separatist presence with the help of the Republic. The CSI has been occupying Utapau since its recent arrival, although the planet prefers to remain neutral.[16][41][42]

The Battle of Utapau, which takes place in the final moments of the Clone Wars, should mark the end of the war. When the Jedi arrive at Utapau to defeat Grievous, the two generals engage in a lightsaber duel that leads to a chase. While Grievous travels by motorbike, he is chased by Obi-Wan, who has the varactyl Boga as his mount. Having lost his weapon, the Jedi grabs that of his enemy and forces his adversary to leave his vehicle. He ends the confrontation by firing a blaster at the cyborg general, destroying his armour.[43][44][45][46][47][48]

Although Grievous' defeat seemed to mark the end of the war, the leader of the Republican army at Utapau, Commander Cody, was nevertheless ordered by Darth Sidious to betray the Jedi, who were now considered enemies of the Republic48. However, Obi-Wan Kenobi, who had fallen into a crater on the planet, managed to escape the soldiers' betrayal. He then left Utapau aboard Grievous's ship, the Soulless, to go to Coruscant.[49][50][51][52]

After the Clone Wars[edit]

In 13 BC, Pau'an Fyzen Gor, a medical student, was kidnapped by Utai pirates in Utapau. Desperate for revenge, he decides to build himself a team of droids equipped with organic limbs. Attacked and captured again by pirates, this time amanin, Fyzen Gor resigned himself to working for the pirates for three years. He then left Utapau and designed a weapon, the Phylanx, with which he attempted to take control of the galaxy.[53]

"Legends" universe[edit]

Main article: Star Wars in other media

Following the takeover of Lucasfilm by The Walt Disney Company, all elements told in derivative products dating prior to 26 April 2014 were declared to be outside of canon and were then grouped together as "Star Wars Legends ".[54]

Before the imperial era[edit]

As major storms swept across the surface of Utapau, the Utais built underground dwellings. As the storms intensified, the Pau'ans also eventually settled in the chasms. A military defence fleet was set up, but Utapau remained as neutral as possible during the Clone Wars.[3]

After the Clone Wars[edit]

The army of the Galactic Republic eventually occupied Utapau as the Galactic Empire emerged. The Emperor then set up one of his secret warehouses there. Initially, the planet was ruled by an Imperial leader. Later, the human Fey family took control of Utapau. Once liberated, the planet decided to join the New Republic.[3]

Concept and creation[edit]

Origin of the concept[edit]

The name of the planet Utapau appears as early as George Lucas's first drafts, when he wrote the first draft of the narrative for Star Wars, in May 1974. The main character in this draft, Annikin, was living in hiding on a desert planet called Utapau, with his brother and father.[55][56] Although the name of the desert planet was later changed to Tatooine, the original name was retained for the planet riddled with wells that served as the setting for the duel between Obi-Wan Kenobi and the separatist general Grievous.[57][58]

The first sketches of the planet Utapau were made in June 2002 by Erik Tiemens, a concept artist working on Revenge of the Sith. The concept for the planet Utapau came from ideas that had not been used for the planet Geonosis, featured in Attack of the Clones. Indeed, Erik Tiemens wanted to incorporate mud puddles or springs into this desert planet, ideas rejected by George Lucas, who wanted "something dry ".[59] These ideas were nevertheless retained, and were used in the design of the Utapau planet. To complete his initial idea, Tiemens then added a surface riddled with wells and sinkholes, in which rotting water stagnated. For the architecture of the pau'ans, Tiemens drew inspiration from some of Ralph McQuarrie's unused drawings.[59] Like several planets in the Star Wars universe, Utapau's architecture was inspired by the American architect Frank Lloyd Wright, creating a modern, technological atmosphere that is fully integrated into its natural environment.[60]

Creation of the inhabitants[edit]

The first concepts of utapauns were those of a hairy, lemur-like species. George Lucas came up with the idea, wanting very fragile creatures in a very fragile world. Several preparatory drawings of these people were made, before the idea was abandoned. Lee Sang-jun, artist on the film Revenge of the Sith, then recycled a concept representing the inhabitants of the planet Mustafar, large humanoids dressed in purple robes, organised around a religious society, for the design of the Pau'ans , at the request of George Lucas, who greatly appreciated the concept. These creatures were transposed to Utapau and given a more important role in the film's story.[29]

The Pau'ans are created with a mixture of make-up, prosthetics and digital effects, and were always intended to be physical characters.[61] Bruce Spence, who plays Tion Medon, reports that the make-up took over four hours to apply and over an hour to remove. Coupled with modern prosthetics, this make-up allows the actor to show more facial expressions.[61] Although only a male version of the make-up can be seen in the film, several tests were also carried out on female versions.[29] The utais, a smaller species than the pau'ans, are generated entirely in computer-generated images.[29]

Boga, Obi-Wan Kenobi's tame varactyl, was imagined and designed entirely in computer-generated images by Industrial Light & Magic's special effects department. Knowing that the animal was going to be seen up close, Kevin Reuter, supervisor of the company's art department, decided to give it large, expressive eyes, and worked with Rob Coleman from the digital animation department to bring the creature to life.[61] Several poses were created for the creature, to give it a powerful yet dynamic look during the chase against General Grievous.[61] The preparatory sketches that inspired Boga are drawings by Al Williamson, who worked on the original trilogy, depicting several stormtroopers on giant lizards.[27] Saga sound designer Ben Burtt created the varactyl sounds by combining bird chirps and a steam locomotive whistle.[27]

Models and inlay[edit]

A cetacean skeleton, the inspiration for Utapau's architecture

As with many of the planets in Revenge of the Sith, Utapau's background is made up of a mixture of real images and computer-generated images, or "digital paintings", in reference to cache painting.[62] Most of the discussions between the administrators of Pau City and Obi-Wan Kenobi are filmed in the Fox studios in Sydney, on a blue screen, before a background is added.[63]

The landscapes of Utapau were also created from scale models, to which digital effects were later added, under the supervision of Brian Gernand, ILM's head of models.[60] To give the models a three-dimensional look, this work was carried out in close collaboration with the film's art department61.[62] Two large scale models, at different scales, were built: one representing one of the planet's wells, created at the two-hundredth scale and measuring 5.50 m by 1.80 m, and another reconfigurable model representing Pau City, created at the ninetieth scale and measuring 4.80 m by 7.30 m.[62] Thousands of architectural structures were moulded before being hand-painted, then inserted around the crevices,[62] cut out using copper engraving or a laser.[60] The bone structures representing the architecture of Utapau are built in such a way that they can be dismantled and then reassembled in different ways to create other buildings.[60] The entire model is covered in miniature spotlights, which highlight certain details of the buildings. Some of the bulbs measure less than a millimetre, but are needed to illuminate the model. It was filmed in two stages, first intact for the shots of Obi-Wan Kenobi's arrival on the planet, and then after several parts of the model had been twisted, burnt and broken, for the shots of the battle.[62]

To allow a high level of detail, the model representing Utapau's main shaft is made entirely of foam. In order to simulate the flaked rock appearance of the shaft, wax mixed with clay was then brushed over the entire model, before a few bushes were added.[62] Foam board models were used to obtain scale references. Several digital models are then added to complete the landscape.[64] Inhabitants were also modelled on the basis of actors who had already been made up.[64]

For scenes requiring interaction with CGI-generated local wildlife, actor Ewan McGregor was filmed sitting on a mechanical saddle attached to a hydraulic dial,[64] both of which were replaced by CGI in post-production.[27] A Komodo monitor served as the model for the animation of Boga, Obi-Wan Kenobi's mount.[27]

Incomplete adaptation in animation[edit]

The planet Utapau should have made an appearance in the animated series The Clone Wars. In the story arc, Jedi Obi-Wan Kenobi and Anakin Skywalker investigate the death of another Jedi on Utapau, which leads to the discovery of a new Separatist weapon designed by General Grievous.[35] Despite the premature end of the series, numerous concept images detailing the architecture, wildlife and inhabitants of the planet were created.[35][17]

As some of the animation and dubbing of the episodes had already been done when the series was discontinued, it is possible to access the preparatory work for these episodes, which has been posted online, in order to discover the narrative framework.[33][65]

Adaptations[edit]

Video games[edit]

As a planet in the Star Wars universe, Utapau appears in several video games.

Utapau is featured in the 2005 video game adaptation of Revenge of the Sith, in a level where the player takes on the role of Obi-Wan Kenobi, first battling General Grievous before fleeing the planet after Order 66.[66] Utapau is one of the terrains in which the player can fight in the 2005 game Star Wars: Battlefront II. As in the film, battle droids face off against clone troopers.[67][68]

Also in 2005, Utapau is one of the planets that can be visited in Lego Star Wars: The Video Game, with a level featuring the Battle of Utapau.[69] It also features in the game's re-adaptations, Lego Star Wars: The Complete Saga in 2007 and Lego Star Wars: The Skywalker Saga in 2022 69,70.[70][71]

Figurines[edit]

Lego produces action figures depicting scenes set in Utapau. In 2005, the box number 7255 General Grievous Chase was released. It includes a motorbike figure and one of the varactyl Boga, along with two character figures: one of Grievous and one of Obi-Wan Kenobi.[Figurine 1] The number 7656 General Grievous Starfighter, released two years later, includes as the name suggests an interceptor figure and one of Grievous. In 2014, issue 75036 Utapau Troopers was released, including a Separatist droid figure as well as four clone figures.[Figurine 2] The same year also saw the release of number 75040 General Grievous Wheel Bike. It includes a motorbike figure and two of the characters: Grievous and Obi-Wan Kenobi again note γ.[Figurine 3] Finally, in 2020, number 75286 General Grievous's Starfighter went on sale. It includes a figure of Grievous's ship, as well as three character figures: one of Grievous, one of Obi-Wan Kenobi and one of a clone trooper.[Figurine 4]

Several figurines featuring the inhabitants of Utapau were also marketed by Hasbro to coincide with the release of the film Revenge of the Sith in 2005.[72]

In 2005, several models of Utapau were presented at a Star Wars exhibition at the Cité des sciences et de l'industrie at the Porte de la Villette in Paris.[73]

Reception and posterity[edit]

Jedi Obi-Wan Kenobi known for the war on Utapau
Separatist cyborg general Grievous known for the war on Utapau

The scenes that take place in Utapau, and in particular the lines associated with them, are the source of many Internet memes.[74] One of the most notable scenes in this situation is the one that precedes the duel between the Jedi Obi-Wan Kenobi and the separatist Grievous. Obi-Wan's "Hello there!" followed by General Grievous "General Kenobi, you are a bold one" is ranked as the character's best line by the Screen Rant website.[43][75][76] Similarly, the specialist website Comic Book Resources ranked the duel between Obi-Wan and General Grievous as the ninth best lightsaber duel in the saga.[77]

The Allociné website describes it as "a strange planet, lost in the outer rim of the galaxy". In particular, it highlights the fact that Obi-Wan decides to pursue Grievous to such an unusual world, far from the centre of the Galaxy.[78]

The lemur-like appearance originally intended for the Utapauns was adopted for the lurmens eventually present in The Clone Wars television series.[79]

The chase scene in which Obi-Wan rides a varactyl was also the inspiration for a similar scene in the ninth episode of the saga: Star Wars, Episode IX: The Skywalker Ascension. In the latter, Finn rides horse-like orbaks to attack the ships of the Last Order.[80]

Notes, References[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ The reference point (ground zero in the Star Wars chronology) is the Battle of Yavin, which takes place in Episode IV of the saga. For example, this discovery takes place thirty-two years before that battle.
  2. ^ The term "wheel bike" is also used.

References[edit]

  1. ^ Lucasfilm Magazine (1999)
  2. ^ Lucasfilm Magazine (2005)
  3. ^ a b c Wallace & Fry (2016, p. 111)
  4. ^ a b c d e Barr et al. (2015)
  5. ^ Fry & Urquhart (2012)
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h Beecroft et al. (2006, pp. 104–105)
  7. ^ Sherlock (2021)
  8. ^ Hart (2021)
  9. ^ a b c d e f g Luceno (2005, pp. 46–47)
  10. ^ a b Barr, Bray & Horton (2017, p. 40)
  11. ^ a b Lewis & Keier (2006, pp. 170–171)
  12. ^ Beecroft & Hidalgo (2016, p. 209)
  13. ^ a b McGinley (2021)
  14. ^ Pallant & Clubb (2019, p. 40)
  15. ^ a b Sippie (2020)
  16. ^ a b Buxton (2019)
  17. ^ a b Hyun-woo et al. (2014)
  18. ^ Lavoisard (2017, p. 77)
  19. ^ a b Lewis & Keier (2006, p. 171)
  20. ^ Fortune, McDonagh & Touboul (2016)
  21. ^ Barr, Bray & Horton (2017, p. 360)
  22. ^ Giacobbe (2021)
  23. ^ Pierce-Bohen (2021)
  24. ^ Berger (2019)
  25. ^ Parker (2022)
  26. ^ Hedash (2020)
  27. ^ a b c d e f Wallace (2005, p. 44)
  28. ^ Lewis & Keier (2006, p. 179)
  29. ^ a b c d Wallace (2006, pp. 48–49)
  30. ^ Wallace (2005b, pp. 53)
  31. ^ Saxton, Jenssen & Chasemore (2005, p. 23)
  32. ^ a b Colbert (2021)
  33. ^ a b Colbert (2016)
  34. ^ Meenan (2020)
  35. ^ a b c Erdmann (2021)
  36. ^ Wallace & Fry (2016, p. 154)
  37. ^ Miller (2021)
  38. ^ Wallace (2013, p. 45)
  39. ^ Barr et al. (2015, p. 86)
  40. ^ Labrousse & Schall (2015, p. 318)
  41. ^ Formica (2020)
  42. ^ Vervisch (2015, p. 78)
  43. ^ a b Sherlock (2021b)
  44. ^ Martin (2021)
  45. ^ Windham (2012, p. 84)
  46. ^ Barr et al. (2015, p. 87)
  47. ^ Wallace (2013, p. 49)
  48. ^ Walker (2018, p. 70)
  49. ^ Windham (2012, p. 86)
  50. ^ Barr et al. (2015, p. 79)
  51. ^ Wallace (2013, p. 52)
  52. ^ Walker (2018, p. 94)
  53. ^ Older (2018)
  54. ^ StarWars.com (2014)
  55. ^ Gramuglia (2020)
  56. ^ Labrousse & Schall (2015, p. 57)
  57. ^ Rinzler (2007, p. 17)
  58. ^ Labrousse & Schall (2015, p. 335)
  59. ^ a b Rinzler (2005, pp. 42–45)
  60. ^ a b c d Hidalgo (2005, pp. 33–34)
  61. ^ a b c d Salisbury (2018, p. 101)
  62. ^ a b c d e f Parisi (2007, pp. 44–49)
  63. ^ Lucciardi (2017, p. 257)
  64. ^ a b c Sansweet & Hidalgo (2006, pp. 272–277)
  65. ^ Dietsch (2014)
  66. ^ Gratton (2022)
  67. ^ Otway (2020)
  68. ^ Otway (2021, p. xx)
  69. ^ Provo (2005)
  70. ^ Frechette (2008)
  71. ^ Jones (2021)
  72. ^ Colella & Girod (2005, pp. 5–7)
  73. ^ Alix & Barthélémy (2005)
  74. ^ Sherlock (2021c)
  75. ^ Moran (2021)
  76. ^ McCormick (2021)
  77. ^ Liu (2016)
  78. ^ AlloCine (2020)
  79. ^ Crouse (2016)
  80. ^ Caicoya (2019)

Sources specializing in figurines[edit]

  1. ^ "LEGO 7255 General Grievous Chase". Brickset.com. Retrieved 2024-03-27.
  2. ^ "LEGO 75036 Utapau Troopers". Brickset.com. Retrieved 2024-03-27.
  3. ^ "LEGO 75040 General Grievous' Wheel Bike". Brickset.com. Retrieved 2024-03-27.
  4. ^ "LEGO 75286 General Grievous's Starfighter". Brickset.com. Retrieved 2024-03-27.

Bibliography[edit]

See also[edit]

External links[edit]

source: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Utapau&diff=1219640659&oldid=1217772064

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