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'''''Calamophyton''''' is an extinct [[genus]] of tree, or "tree-sized plant",<ref>{{cite web |last1=Giesen |first1=Peter |last2=Berry |first2=Christopher M. |title=Reconstruction and Growth of the Early Tree Calamophyton (Pseudosporochnales, Cladoxylopsida) Based on Exceptionally Complete Specimens from Lindlar, Germany (Mid-Devonian): Organic Connection of Calamophyton Branches and Duisbergia Trunks |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/669913 |website=The University of Chicago Press Journals |publisher=University of Chicago |access-date=17 March 2024 |doi=10.1086/669913}}</ref> that was extant in the Middle [[Devonian]] period. ''Calamophyton'' trees formed the earliest known forests.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Devlin |first1=Hannah |title=World’s oldest fossilised trees discovered along Devon and Somerset coast |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2024/mar/06/worlds-oldest-fossilised-trees-discovered-along-devon-and-somerset-coast |access-date=17 March 2024 |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News & Media Limited |date=7 March 2024}}</ref> |
'''''Calamophyton''''' is an extinct [[genus]] of tree, or "tree-sized plant",<ref>{{cite web |last1=Giesen |first1=Peter |last2=Berry |first2=Christopher M. |title=Reconstruction and Growth of the Early Tree Calamophyton (Pseudosporochnales, Cladoxylopsida) Based on Exceptionally Complete Specimens from Lindlar, Germany (Mid-Devonian): Organic Connection of Calamophyton Branches and Duisbergia Trunks |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/669913 |website=The University of Chicago Press Journals |publisher=University of Chicago |access-date=17 March 2024 |doi=10.1086/669913}}</ref> that was extant in the Middle [[Devonian]] period. ''Calamophyton'' trees formed the earliest known forests.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Devlin |first1=Hannah |title=World’s oldest fossilised trees discovered along Devon and Somerset coast |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2024/mar/06/worlds-oldest-fossilised-trees-discovered-along-devon-and-somerset-coast |access-date=17 March 2024 |work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News & Media Limited |date=7 March 2024}}</ref> |
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The genus was established in 1926 from specimens collected by R. Kräusel & H. Weyland, in Hardberg and Kirberg, [[Rhineland]], Germany, who identified the [[type species]] ''C. primaevum''.<ref name="leclerc_andrews_feb1960_pp1-2">{{cite journal |last1=Leclercq |first1=Suzanne |last2=Andrews |first2=Henry N. Jr. |title=Calamophyton bicephalum, a New Species from the Middle Devonian of Belgium |journal=Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden |date=Feb 1960 |volume=47 |issue=1 |page=2 |doi=10.2307/2394614 |url=https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/2394614}}</ref> A second species, ''C. renierii'', was identified by S. Leclercq in [[Belgium]] in 1940, a third, ''C. bicephalum'', also in Belgium, by Leclerqc and H. Andrews in 1960,<ref name="leclerc_andrews_feb1960_pp1-2"/> and a fourth, ''C. forbesii'', in the [[Mapleton Sandstone]], [[Maine]], United States, by James M. Schopf in 1964. It has since been suggested that ''C. primaevum'' and ''C. bicephalum'' may be the same species. |
The genus was established in 1926 from specimens collected by R. Kräusel & H. Weyland, in Hardberg and Kirberg, [[Rhineland]], Germany, who identified the [[type species]] ''C. primaevum''.<ref name="leclerc_andrews_feb1960_pp1-2">{{cite journal |last1=Leclercq |first1=Suzanne |last2=Andrews |first2=Henry N. Jr. |title=Calamophyton bicephalum, a New Species from the Middle Devonian of Belgium |journal=Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden |date=Feb 1960 |volume=47 |issue=1 |page=2 |doi=10.2307/2394614 |url=https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/2394614}}</ref> A second species, ''C. renierii'', was identified by S. Leclercq in [[Belgium]] in 1940, a third, ''C. bicephalum'', also in Belgium, by Leclerqc and H. Andrews in 1960,<ref name="leclerc_andrews_feb1960_pp1-2"/> and a fourth, ''C. forbesii'', in the [[Mapleton Sandstone]], [[Maine]], United States, by James M. Schopf in 1964.<ref name="digitalmaine">{{cite web |last1=Kasper |first1=Andrew E. Jr |last2=Gensel |first2=Patricia G. |last3=Forbes |first3=William H. |last4=Andrews |first4=Henry N. Jr. |title=Plant Paleontology in the State of Maine - A Review |url=https://digitalmaine.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1048&context=mgs_publications |website=digitalmaine.com |publisher=Maine Geological Survey |access-date=18 March 2024}}</ref> It has since been suggested that ''C. primaevum'' and ''C. bicephalum'' may be the same species. |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
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Revision as of 03:03, 18 March 2024
| Calamophyton Temporal range: Middle Devonian
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Division: | Pteridophyta (?) |
| Class: | †Cladoxylopsida |
| Order: | †Pseudosporochnales |
| Family: | †Hyeniaceae |
| Genus: | †Calamophyton R.Kräusel & H.Weyland, 1925 |
| Species | |
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Calamophyton is an extinct genus of tree, or "tree-sized plant",[1] that was extant in the Middle Devonian period. Calamophyton trees formed the earliest known forests.[2]
The genus was established in 1926 from specimens collected by R. Kräusel & H. Weyland, in Hardberg and Kirberg, Rhineland, Germany, who identified the type species C. primaevum.[3] A second species, C. renierii, was identified by S. Leclercq in Belgium in 1940, a third, C. bicephalum, also in Belgium, by Leclerqc and H. Andrews in 1960,[3] and a fourth, C. forbesii, in the Mapleton Sandstone, Maine, United States, by James M. Schopf in 1964.[4] It has since been suggested that C. primaevum and C. bicephalum may be the same species.
References
- ^ Giesen, Peter; Berry, Christopher M. "Reconstruction and Growth of the Early Tree Calamophyton (Pseudosporochnales, Cladoxylopsida) Based on Exceptionally Complete Specimens from Lindlar, Germany (Mid-Devonian): Organic Connection of Calamophyton Branches and Duisbergia Trunks". The University of Chicago Press Journals. University of Chicago. doi:10.1086/669913. Retrieved 17 March 2024.
- ^ Devlin, Hannah (7 March 2024). "World's oldest fossilised trees discovered along Devon and Somerset coast". The Guardian. Guardian News & Media Limited. Retrieved 17 March 2024.
- ^ a b Leclercq, Suzanne; Andrews, Henry N. Jr. (Feb 1960). "Calamophyton bicephalum, a New Species from the Middle Devonian of Belgium". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 47 (1): 2. doi:10.2307/2394614.
- ^ Kasper, Andrew E. Jr; Gensel, Patricia G.; Forbes, William H.; Andrews, Henry N. Jr. "Plant Paleontology in the State of Maine - A Review". digitalmaine.com. Maine Geological Survey. Retrieved 18 March 2024.