Prior to European settlement, the Caribbean was dominated by forested ecosystems. The insular Caribbean has been considered a biodiversity hotspot.[1] Although species diversity is lower than on mainland systems, endemism is high.
Species diversity is highest and endemism is lowest in Trinidad, which has a predominantly continental flora. Endemism is highest in Cuba and Hispaniola, the largest members of the Greater Antilles.
List of species
[edit]Native species
[edit]- Aralia
- Dendropanax
- Dendropanax arboreus[5]
- Dendropanax blakeanus[6]
- Dendropanax cordifolius[7]
- Dendropanax cuneifolius[8]
- Dendropanax elongatus[9]
- Dendropanax filipes[10]
- Dendropanax grandiflorus[11]
- Dendropanax grandis[12]
- Dendropanax laurifolius[13]
- Dendropanax nervosus[14]
- Dendropanax nutans[15]
- Dendropanax oblanceatus[16]
- Dendropanax pendulus[17]
- Dendropanax portlandianus[18]
- Dendropanax selleanus[19]
- Dendropanax swartzii[20]
- Didymopanax
- Didymopanax morototoni[21] – Cuba, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Leeward Islands, and Trinidad. Introduced to Windward Islands
- Frodinia
- Frodinia gleasonii[22] – Puerto Rico
- Frodinia tremula[23] – Hispaniola
- Oreopanax
- Sciodaphyllum
- Sciodaphyllum attenuatum[27] – Leeward Islands and Windward Islands
- Sciodaphyllum glabratum[28] – Trinidad
- Sciodaphyllum brownei[29] – Jamaica
- Sciodaphyllum troyanum[30] – Jamaica
- Sciodaphyllum urbanianum[31] – Martinique
- Catalpa longissima
- Crescentia
- Crescentia cujete (Calabash)
- Crescentia portoricensis
- Tabebuia
- Tecoma stans
- Ceiba pentandra (kapok tree)
- Ochroma pyramidale
- Celtis trinervia - Hispaniola
- Buchenavia tetraphylla
- Bucida buceras
- Conocarpus erectus (Buttonwood)
- Laguncularia racemosa
- Terminalia amazonia
- Adelia rincinella
- Alchornea latifolia
- Bernardia dichotoma
- Fluggea acidoton
- Gymnanthes lucida
- Hura crepitans
- Jatropha hernandiifolia
- Picrodendron baccatum
- Savia sessiliflora
- Andira inermis
- Caesalpinia coriaria
- Enterolobium cyclocarpum
- Hymenaea courbaril
- Inga
- Mora excelsa
- Ormosia krugii
- Pictetia aculeata
- Piscidia carthagenensis
- Pithecellobium unguis-cati
- Pterocarpus officinalis
- Talipariti elatum (Blue Mahoe)
- Thespesia grandiflora
- Hildegardia cubensis
- Carapa
- Cedrela odorata
- Guarea
- Swietenia mahagoni (West Indian Mahogany)
- Trichilia
- Guaiacum
- Guaiacum officinale (Lignum vitae)
- Guaiacum sanctum
Non-native species
[edit]
- Mango (Mangifera indica)
- Coconut (Cocos nucifera)
- Jacaranda (Jacaranda spp.)
- Indian almond (Terminalia catappa)
- Samaan tree (Albizia saman)
- Flamboyant (Delonix regia)
- Tamarind (Tamarindus indica)
- Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis)
- Ficus benjamina
- Ackee (Blighia sapida)
- Teak (Tectona grandis)
References
[edit]- ^ Myers, N., R. A. Mittermeier, C. G. Mittermeier, G. A. B. da Fonseca, and J. Kent. 2000. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403:853-858.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Van den Eynden, V. 2006. Review of endemic plants of Trinidad and Tobago.
- ^ "Aralia excelsa". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
- ^ "Aralia rex". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
- ^ "Dendropanax arboreus". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
- ^ "Dendropanax blakeanus". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
- ^ "Dendropanax cordifolius". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
- ^ "Dendropanax cuneifolius". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
- ^ "Dendropanax elongatus". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
- ^ "Dendropanax filipes". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
- ^ "Dendropanax grandiflorus". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
- ^ "Dendropanax grandis". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
- ^ "Dendropanax laurifolius". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
- ^ "Dendropanax nervosus". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
- ^ "Dendropanax nutans". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
- ^ "Dendropanax oblanceatus". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
- ^ "Dendropanax pendulus". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
- ^ "Dendropanax portlandianus". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
- ^ "Dendropanax selleanus". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
- ^ "Dendropanax swartzii". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
- ^ "Didymopanax morototoni(Aubl.) Decne. & Planch". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 13 May 2023.
- ^ "Frodinia gleasonii (Britton & P.Wilson) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 13 May 2023.
- ^ "Frodinia tremula (Krug & Urb.) Lowry & G.M.Plunkett". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 13 May 2023.
- ^ "Oreopanax capitatus". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
- ^ "Oreopanax dussii". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
- ^ "Oreopanax ramosissimus". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-03.
- ^ "Sciodaphyllum attenuatum (Sw.) Lowry, G.M.Plunkett & M.M.Mora". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 13 May 2023.
- ^ "Sciodaphyllum glabratum (Kunth) Lowry, G.M.Plunkett & M.M.Mora". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 13 May 2023.
- ^ "Sciodaphyllum brownei Spreng". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 13 May 2023.
- ^ "Sciodaphyllum troyanum Urb". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 13 May 2023.
- ^ "Sciodaphyllum urbanianum (Marchal ex Urb.) Lowry, G.M.Plunkett & M.M.Mora". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 13 May 2023.
- ^ Magnolia cristalensis WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families.
- ^ Magnolia cubensis Magnolia cubensis subsp. cacuminicola Magnolia cubensis subsp. cubensis WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families.
- ^ Magnolia dealbata WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families.
- ^ Magnolia domingensis WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families.
- ^ Magnolia ekmanii WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families.
- ^ Magnolia emarginata WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families.
- ^ Magnolia hamorii WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families.
- ^ Magnolia minor WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families.
- ^ Magnolia pallescens WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families.
- ^ Magnolia portoricensis WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families.
- ^ Magnolia splendens WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families.
- ^ a b Berg, C.C. (2007). "Proposals for treating four species complexes in Ficus subgenus Urostigma section Americanae (Moraceae)". Blumea. 52 (2): 295–312. doi:10.3767/000651907x609034. S2CID 84505051.
- ^ "Ficus maxima". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
- ^ "Chrysophyllum argenteum". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-04.
- ^ "Chrysophyllum cainito". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-04.
- ^ "Chrysophyllum oliviforme". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-04.
- ^ "Chrysophyllum pauciflorum". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-04.
- ^ "Manilkara bidentata". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-04.
- ^ "Manilkara excisa". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-04.
- ^ "Manilkara gonavensis". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-04.
- ^ "Manilkara jaimiqui". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-04.
- ^ "Manilkara mayarensis". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-04.
- ^ "Manilkara pleeana". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-04.
- ^ "Manilkara sideroxylon". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-04.
- ^ "Manilkara valenzuelana". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-04.
- ^ "Manilkara zapota". WCSP: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 2008-01-04.
