Hecuba (also known as Hecabe) was the wife of Priam, king of Troy.

Hecuba may also refer to:

• Hecuba (play), by Euripides
• Hecuba (West play), a 1726 work by the British writer Benjamin West
• Hamlet oder Hekuba: der Einbruch der Zeit in das Spiel, a 1956 essay by Carl Schmitt
• Hécube, Op.177, a 1937 composition by Darius Milhaud
• Hecuba (Passions character), a character from the US soap opera Passions
• Hecuba (band), from California
• 108 Hecuba, an asteroid
• Hecuba, a peak in the Nilgiri mountains
• USS Hecuba (AKS-12), a ship
• Hecuba (statue), statue on the University of Southern California's campus