| Benedikt syndrome | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Paramedian midbrain syndrome |
| Specialty | Neurology  |
Benedikt syndrome, also called Benedikt's syndrome or paramedian midbrain syndrome, is a rare type of posterior circulation stroke of the brain, with a range of neurological symptoms affecting the midbrain, cerebellum and other related structures.
Signs and symptoms
[edit]Causes
[edit]Benedikt syndrome is caused by a lesion (infarction, hemorrhage, tumor, or tuberculosis) in the tegmentum of the midbrain and cerebellum. Specifically, the median zone is impaired. It can result from occlusion of the posterior cerebral artery[1] or paramedian penetrating branches of the basilar artery.[2]
Diagnosis
[edit]- Oculomotor nerve palsy: eyeball gazing downward and outward position, diplopia, miosis, mydriasis, and loss of accommodation reflex.
- Contralateral loss of proprioception and vibration sensations.
- Cerebellar ataxia: involuntary movements.
Treatment
[edit]Deep brain stimulation may provide relief from some symptoms of Benedikt syndrome, particularly the tremors associated with the disorder.[3]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Akdal G, Kutluk K, Men S, Yaka E (Jan 2005). "Benedikt and "plus-minus lid" syndromes arising from posterior cerebral artery branch occlusion". Journal of the Neurological Sciences. 228 (1): 105–107. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2004.09.029. PMID 15607218. S2CID 2317640.
- ^ AMA citation: Greenberg DA, Simon RP. Chapter 3. Disorders of Equilibrium. In: Greenberg DA, Simon RP, eds. Clinical Neurology. 7th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2009. http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=5146162. Accessed July 21, 2012
- ^ Bandt SK, Anderson D, Biller J (Oct 2008). "Deep brain stimulation as an effective treatment option for post-midbrain infarction-related tremor as it presents with Benedikt syndrome". Journal of Neurosurgery. 109 (4): 635–639. doi:10.3171/JNS/2008/109/10/0635. PMID 18826349.