Cannabaceae

Voiced retroflex affricate
ɖʐ
IPA Number106 (137)
Audio sample
Encoding
Entity (decimal)ɖ​͡​ʐ
Unicode (hex)U+0256 U+0361 U+0290
X-SAMPAdz`

The voiced retroflex sibilant affricate is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨d̠͡ʐ ⟩, sometimes simplified to ⟨dʐ ⟩, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is dz`. Its apical variant is ⟨ɖ̺͡ʐ̺ ⟩ and laminal variant ⟨ɖ̻͡ʐ̻ ⟩. It occurs in such languages as Polish (the laminal affricate ) and Northwest Caucasian languages (apical).

Features[edit]

Features of the voiced retroflex affricate:

Occurrence[edit]

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Asturian Some dialects ḷḷuna ['ɖ͡ʐunä] 'moon' Corresponds to /ʎ/ in other dialects. See Che Vaqueira
Belarusian джаз [ɖ͡ʐas] 'jazz' Laminal. See Belarusian phonology
Chinese Wu [ɖ͡ʐaŋ] 'to grow' Only found in a few Wu dialects.
Some Mandarin speakers 广州 [kwaŋ˨˩ ɖ͡ʐoʊ˥˥] 'Guangzhou'
Khowar[1] ݮـنـݮـیر [ɖ͡ʐanɖ͡ʐer] 'chain' -
Polish Standard[2][3] em [ɖ͡ʐɛm] 'jam' Laminal; it's transcribed /d͡ʒ/ by most Polish scholars. See Polish phonology
Southeastern Cuyavian dialects[4] dzwon [ɖ͡ʐvɔn̪] 'bell' Some speakers. It's a result of hypercorrecting the more popular merger of /ɖ͡ʐ/ and /d͡z/ into [d͡z].
Suwałki dialect[5]
Northern Qiang vvdhe [ʁɖ͡ʐə] 'star'
Serbo-Croatian[6][7] џеп/ep [ɖ͡ʐê̞p] 'pocket' Apical. It may be palato-alveolar instead, depending on the dialect. See Serbo-Croatian phonology
Slovak[8] ús [ɖ͡ʐu̞ːs] 'juice' Laminal.
Torwali[9] حؕـىگ [ɖ͡ʐiɡ̥] 'long' Contrasts with a palatal affricate.
Yi / rry [ɖ͡ʐɪ˧] 'tooth'

Voiced retroflex non-sibilant affricate[edit]

Voiced retroflex non-sibilant affricate
d̠͡ɻ̝

Features[edit]

Occurrence[edit]

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Malagasy[10] [example needed] Also described as regular plosives, trilled affricates and sibilant affricates.

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Farid Ahmad Raza Booni Chitral. "Preliminary Grapheme to Phoneme Khowar Alphabet Chart" (PDF).
  2. ^ Jassem (2003:103)
  3. ^ Hamann (2004:65)
  4. ^ "Gwary polskie - Gwara regionu". Archived from the original on 2013-11-13. Retrieved 2013-11-06.
  5. ^ "Gwary polskie - Szadzenie". Archived from the original on 2013-11-13. Retrieved 2013-11-06.
  6. ^ Kordić (2006), p. 5.
  7. ^ Landau et al. (1999), p. 67.
  8. ^ Hanulíková & Hamann (2010:374)
  9. ^ Lunsford (2001:16–20)
  10. ^ Ladefoged, Peter; Maddieson, Ian (1996). The Sounds of the World's Languages. Oxford: Blackwell. p. 131. ISBN 0-631-19815-6.

References[edit]

External links[edit]

One thought on “Cannabaceae

  1. Well, that’s interesting to know that Psilotum nudum are known as whisk ferns. Psilotum nudum is the commoner species of the two. While the P. flaccidum is a rare species and is found in the tropical islands. Both the species are usually epiphytic in habit and grow upon tree ferns. These species may also be terrestrial and grow in humus or in the crevices of the rocks.
    View the detailed Guide of Psilotum nudum: Detailed Study Of Psilotum Nudum (Whisk Fern), Classification, Anatomy, Reproduction

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