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Names | |
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IUPAC name
Titanium(II) oxide
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Other names
Titanium monoxide
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Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.032.020 |
PubChem CID
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |
TiO | |
Molar mass | 63.866 g/mol |
Appearance | bronze crystals |
Density | 4.95 g/cm3 |
Melting point | 1,750 °C (3,180 °F; 2,020 K) |
Structure | |
cubic | |
Hazards | |
Flash point | Non-flammable |
Related compounds | |
Titanium(III) oxide Titanium(III,IV) oxide Titanium(IV) oxide | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Titanium(II) oxide (TiO) is an inorganic chemical compound of titanium and oxygen. It can be prepared from titanium dioxide and titanium metal at 1500 °C.[1] It is non-stoichiometric in a range TiO0.7 to TiO1.3 and this is caused by vacancies of either Ti or O in the defect rock salt structure.[1] In pure TiO 15% of both Ti and O sites are vacant,[1] as the vacancies allow metal-metal bonding between adjacent Ti centres. Careful annealing can cause ordering of the vacancies producing a monoclinic form which has 5 TiO units in the primitive cell that exhibits lower resistivity.[2] A high temperature form with titanium atoms with trigonal prismatic coordination is also known.[3] Acid solutions of TiO are stable for a short time then decompose to give hydrogen:[1]
- 2 Ti2+(aq) + 2 H+(aq) → 2 Ti3+(aq) + H2(g)
Gas-phase TiO shows strong bands in the optical spectra of cool (M-type) stars.[4][5] In 2017, TiO was claimed to be detected in an exoplanet atmosphere for the first time; a result which is still debated in the literature.[6][7] Additionally, evidence has been obtained for the presence of the diatomic molecule TiO in the interstellar medium.[8]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Holleman, Arnold Frederik; Wiberg, Egon (2001), Wiberg, Nils (ed.), Inorganic Chemistry, translated by Eagleson, Mary; Brewer, William, San Diego/Berlin: Academic Press/De Gruyter, ISBN 0-12-352651-5
- ^ Banus, M. D.; Reed, T. B.; Strauss, A. J. (1972-04-15). "Electrical and Magnetic Properties of TiO and VO". Physical Review B. 5 (8). American Physical Society (APS): 2775–2784. Bibcode:1972PhRvB...5.2775B. doi:10.1103/physrevb.5.2775. ISSN 0556-2805.
- ^ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
- ^ Jorgensen, Uffe G. (April 1994). "Effects of TiO in stellar atmospheres". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 284 (1): 179–186. Bibcode:1994A&A...284..179J.
- ^ "Spectral classification of late-type dwarfs".
- ^ Sedaghati, Elyar; Boffin, Henri M.J.; MacDonald, Ryan J.; Gandhi, Siddharth; Madhusudhan, Nikku; Gibson, Neale P.; Oshagh, Mahmoudreza; Claret, Antonio; Rauer, Heike (14 September 2017). "Detection of titanium oxide in the atmosphere of a hot Jupiter". Nature. 549 (7671): 238–241. arXiv:1709.04118. Bibcode:2017Natur.549..238S. doi:10.1038/nature23651. PMID 28905896. S2CID 205259502.
- ^ Espinoza, Nestor; et al. (January 2019). "ACCESS: A featureless optical transmission spectrum for WASP-19b from Magellan/IMACS". MNRAS. 482 (2): 2065–2087. arXiv:1807.10652. Bibcode:2019MNRAS.482.2065E. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty2691.
- ^ Dyck, H. M.; Nordgren, Tyler E. (2002). "The Effect of TiO Absorption on Optical and Infrared Angular Diameters of Cool Stars". The Astronomical Journal. 124 (1). American Astronomical Society: 541–545. Bibcode:2002AJ....124..541D. doi:10.1086/341039. ISSN 0004-6256. S2CID 117642107.
Well, that’s interesting to know that Psilotum nudum are known as whisk ferns. Psilotum nudum is the commoner species of the two. While the P. flaccidum is a rare species and is found in the tropical islands. Both the species are usually epiphytic in habit and grow upon tree ferns. These species may also be terrestrial and grow in humus or in the crevices of the rocks.
View the detailed Guide of Psilotum nudum: Detailed Study Of Psilotum Nudum (Whisk Fern), Classification, Anatomy, Reproduction