Common wireweed | |
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Scientific classification ![]() | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Rosids |
Order: | Malvales |
Family: | Malvaceae |
Genus: | Sida |
Species: | S. acuta
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Binomial name | |
Sida acuta | |
Synonyms | |
Sida acuta, the common wireweed,[3] is a species of flowering plant in the mallow family, Malvaceae. It is believed to have originated in Central America, but today has a pantropical distribution and is considered a weed in some areas.[4]
In northern Australia, Sida acuta is considered an invasive species, and the beetle Calligrapha pantherina has been introduced as a biological control agent in an attempt to control the plant.[5]
Description
[edit]Plant
[edit]Undershrub, with mucilaginous juice, aerial, erect, cylindrical, branched, solid, green.
Leaves
[edit]Alternate, simple, lanceolate to linear, rarely ovate to oblong, obtuse at the base, acute at the apex, coarsely and remotely serrate; petiole much shorter than the blade; stipulate, stipules free-lateral, unequally paired at the node, reticulate venation.
Inflorescence
[edit]Cymose
Flower
[edit]Small, axillary, 2–3 in a cluster; pedicels jointed at the middle, epicalyx absent, complete, bisexual, regular, actinomorphic, hypogynus, pentamerous, yellow.
Calyx
[edit]Sepals: five, gamosepalous, campanulate, slightly accrescent, persistent, valvate.
Corolla
[edit]Petals: five, polypetalous but slightly connate below and jointed with the staminal column, twisted.
Androecium
[edit]Stamens many, monadelphous, arranged on the staminal column; staminal column is shorter than the petals, divided above into numerous filaments, anthers monothecous, reniform, basifixed, filament short, extrorse. Pollen are spherical with spikes, size is approximately 90 microns.
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Pollens_of_Sida_acuta_2.jpg/220px-Pollens_of_Sida_acuta_2.jpg)
Gynoecium
[edit]Carples: five, syncarpous, ovary superior, penta or multilocular with axile placentation, one ovule in each locule; style 1, passing through the staminal tube; stigma globular, correspond to the number of carpels.
Fruit
[edit]A schizocarpic mericarp, seed 1 in each mericarp.
Classification and identification (Bentham and Hooker's system)
[edit]Class: Dicotyledonae
[edit]I) Reticulate venation.
II) Flower pentamerous.
Sub-class: Polypetalae
[edit]I) Petals free.
Series: Thalamiflorae
[edit]I) Flower hypogynus; ovary superior.
Order: Malvales
[edit]I) Stamens indefinite, monadelphous.
II) Ovary 5 carpellary, placentation axile.
Family: Malvaceae
[edit]I) Plant: mucilaginous.
II) Leaves: simple with free lateral stipule.
III) Flower: bisexual, petals: five, twisted; monadelphous stamen, anther one-celled, reniform.
Genus: Sida
[edit]I) Staminal column without teeth at apex.
II) Flowers without epicalyx.
III) Ovule 1 in each locule; seed 1 in each mericarp.
Species: S.acuta
[edit]I) Leaf base obtuse, apex acute.
Floral formula of Sida acuta
[edit]Br,+,K⁵,C⁵^,A_,G(⁵)
Names
[edit]- Sanskrit: bala
- Bengali: kureta/berela[7] (in Tripura)
- Hindi: kareta/kharenti
- Odia (Oriya): siobala
- Gujrati: bala/jangli menthi
- Marathi: chikana
- Malayalam: malatanni
- Tamil: malaidangi,Arivaal Mooku Pachilai
- Telugu: nelabenda
- Kannada: vishakaddi
- Sinhala: gasbevila
- Burmese: katsayna
- Yoruba: Ìsékètu
- mutsvairo
Shona language
References
[edit]- ^ "Sida acuta". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 29 March 2009.
- ^ "Sida carpinifolia L. f." ITIS Standard Reports. Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 29 March 2009.
- ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Sida acuta". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 12 November 2015.
- ^ Parsons, William Thomas; Eric George Cuthbertson (2001). Noxious weeds of Australia (2 ed.). CSIRO Publishing. pp. 508–509. ISBN 978-0-643-06514-7.
- ^ Julien, M.H.; McFadyen, R.E.; Cullen, Jim (2012). Biological Control of Weeds in Australia. Csiro Publishing. pp. 525–526. ISBN 978-0-643-09993-7.
- ^ Mukherjee, H. (1981). Plant Groups (9 ed.). New Central Book Agency Pvt Ltd. p. 1111. ISBN 9788173810947.
- ^ Deb, D.B. (1981). The Flora of Tripura State Vol. I. New Delhi: Today & Tomorrow's Printers and Publishers. p. 306.
Well, that’s interesting to know that Psilotum nudum are known as whisk ferns. Psilotum nudum is the commoner species of the two. While the P. flaccidum is a rare species and is found in the tropical islands. Both the species are usually epiphytic in habit and grow upon tree ferns. These species may also be terrestrial and grow in humus or in the crevices of the rocks.
View the detailed Guide of Psilotum nudum: Detailed Study Of Psilotum Nudum (Whisk Fern), Classification, Anatomy, Reproduction