Romanization or Latinization of Belarusian is any system for transliterating written Belarusian from Cyrillic to the Latin alphabet.
Standard systems for romanizing Belarusian
[edit]Standard systems for romanizing Belarusian include:
- BGN/PCGN romanization of Belarusian, 1979 (United States Board on Geographic Names and Permanent Committee on Geographical Names for British Official Use), which is the US and Great Britain prevailing system for romanising of geographical information
- British Standard 2979 : 1958
- Scientific transliteration, or the International Scholarly System for linguistics
- ALA-LC romanization, 1997 (American Library Association and Library of Congress)
- ISO 9:1995, which is also Belarusian state standard GOST 7.79–2000 for non-geographical information
- Instruction on transliteration of Belarusian geographical names with letters of Latin script, which was an official standard for geographical names, adopted by the Committee on Land Resources, Geodesy and Cartography of Belarus (2000), and recommended for use by the Working Group on Romanization Systems of the United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names (UNGEGN).[1] It was significantly revised in 2007, then replaced with a new system in 2023.[2][3]
Cyrillic | Scholarly[4] | ALA-LC | British[5] | BGN/PCGN[6] | ISO 9 | National 2000[7] | National 2007[7] | National 2023[7] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
А а | a | a | a | a | a | a | a | a |
Б б | b | b | b | b | b | b | b | b |
В в | v | v | v | v | v | v | v | v |
Г г | h | h | h | h | g | h | h | g |
Ґ ґ[8] | g | g | g | g | g̀ | |||
Д д | d | d | d | d | d | d | d | d |
Е е | e | e | e | ye | e | je, ie | je, ie | je, ie |
Ё ё | ë | i͡o | ë | yo | ë | jo, io | jo, io | jo, io |
Ж ж | ž | z͡h | zh | zh | ž | ž | ž | zh |
З з | z | z | z | z | z | z | z | z |
І і | i | i | i | i | ì | i | i | i |
Й й | j | ĭ | ĭ | y | j | j | j | j |
К к | k | k | k | k | k | k | k | k |
Л л | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | l |
М м | m | m | m | m | m | m | m | m |
Н н | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | n |
О о | o | o | o | o | o | o | o | o |
П п | p | p | p | p | p | p | p | p |
Р р | r | r | r | r | r | r | r | r |
С с | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s |
Т т | t | t | t | t | t | t | t | t |
Тс тс | t-s | t·s | ||||||
У у | u | u | u | u | u | u | u | u |
Ў ў | ŭ (w) | ŭ | w | w | ǔ | ú | ŭ | w |
Ф ф | f | f | f | f | f | f | f | f |
Х х | x (ch) | kh | kh | kh | h | ch | ch | h |
Ц ц | c | ts | ts | ts | c | c | c | c |
Ч ч | č | ch | ch | ch | č | č | č | ch |
Ш ш | š | sh | sh | sh | š | š | š | sh |
ʼ | - | - | ˮ, " | ʺ | ʼ | - | - | - |
Ы ы | y | y | ȳ | y | y | y | y | y |
Ь ь | ʹ | ʹ | ʼ, ' | ʹ | ʹ | ʹ | combining acute | - |
Э э | è | ė | é | e | è | e | e | e |
Ю ю | ju | i͡u | yu | yu | û | ju, iu | ju, iu | ju, iu |
Я я | ja | i͡a | ya | ya | â | ja, ia | ja, ia | ja, ia |
Historical letters | ||||||||
И и | ī | |||||||
Щ щ | shch | |||||||
Ъ ъ | ʺ | ˮ, " | ||||||
Ѣ ѣ | ě | ê | ||||||
|
Examples
[edit]Cyrillic | Беларусь | Лукашэнка | Магілёў | сям’я |
---|---|---|---|---|
Łacinka | Biełaruś | Łukašenka | Mahiloŭ | siamja |
BGN/PCGN | Byelarus′ | Lukashenka | Mahilyow | syamʹʹya |
Scholarly | Belarus′ | Lukašènka | Mahilëŭ | sjamja |
ALA-LC | Belarusʹ | Lukashėnka | Mahili͡oŭ | si͡ami͡a |
British | Belarus’ | Lukashénka | Mahilëw | syam”ya |
ISO 9 | Belarus′ | Lukašènka | Magìlëǔ | sâm’â |
National 2000 | Bielarus’ | Lukašenka | Mahilioú | siamja |
National 2007 | Bielaruś | Lukašenka | Mahilioŭ | siamja |
National 2023 | Bielarus | Lukashenka | Magiliow | siamja |
See also
[edit]- Belarusian alphabet
- Belarusian Latin alphabet (Łacinka / лацінка)
- Scientific transliteration of Cyrillic
- Cyrillic alphabets
- Wikipedia:Naming conventions (Cyrillic)#Belarusian (WP:BELARUSIANNAMES)
- Wikipedia:Romanization of Belarusian (essay; WP:BLR)
References
[edit]- British Standard 2979 : 1958, London: British Standards Institution.
- United Nations Statistics Division, Geographical Names
- 2023 Transliteration Instruction
Well, that’s interesting to know that Psilotum nudum are known as whisk ferns. Psilotum nudum is the commoner species of the two. While the P. flaccidum is a rare species and is found in the tropical islands. Both the species are usually epiphytic in habit and grow upon tree ferns. These species may also be terrestrial and grow in humus or in the crevices of the rocks.
View the detailed Guide of Psilotum nudum: Detailed Study Of Psilotum Nudum (Whisk Fern), Classification, Anatomy, Reproduction