Cannabaceae

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Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid, sodium salt
Clinical data
ATC code
Identifiers
  • poly[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methyl dihydrogen phosphate;
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
  • none
UNII
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
Chemical and physical data
Formula(C10H10N4NaO7P)x • (C9H11N3NaO7P)x
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Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (usually abbreviated poly I:C or poly(I:C)) is an immunostimulant. It is used in the form of its sodium salt to simulate viral infections.[1]

Poly I:C is known to interact with toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), which is expressed at the endosomal membrane of B-cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. Poly I:C is structurally similar to double-stranded RNA, which is present in some viruses and is a "natural" stimulant of TLR3. Thus, Poly I:C can be considered a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA and is a common tool for scientific research on the immune system.[2]

Poly I:C has been shown to activate schizophrenia-like behavior in the offspring of pregnant mice, which can be accompanied by decreased GABAergic transmission in the dentate gyrus.[3]

Chemistry[edit]

Poly I:C is a mismatched double-stranded RNA with one strand being a polymer of inosinic acid, the other a polymer of cytidylic acid.

Variants[edit]

Optimization of physicochemical properties of poly I:C has led to generation of derivatives that have increased stability in body fluids (such as polyICLC), or reduced toxicity through reduced stability in body fluids (such as poly I:C12U).[4]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Fortier ME, Kent S, Ashdown H, Poole S, Boksa P, Luheshi GN (October 2004). "The viral mimic, polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid, induces fever in rats via an interleukin-1-dependent mechanism". American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 287 (4): R759–R766. doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00293.2004. PMID 15205185. S2CID 24028101.
  2. ^ Li Y, Xu XL, Zhao D, Pan LN, Huang CW, Guo LJ, et al. (November 2015). "TLR3 ligand Poly IC Attenuates Reactive Astrogliosis and Improves Recovery of Rats after Focal Cerebral Ischemia". CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics. 21 (11): 905–913. doi:10.1111/cns.12469. PMC 4638223. PMID 26494128.
  3. ^ Xia Y, Zhang Z, Lin W, Yan J, Zhu C, Yin D, et al. (October 2020). "Modulating microglia activation prevents maternal immune activation induced schizophrenia-relevant behavior phenotypes via arginase 1 in the dentate gyrus". Neuropsychopharmacology. 45 (11): 1896–1908. doi:10.1038/s41386-020-0743-7. PMC 7608378. PMID 32599605.
  4. ^ Naumann K, Wehner R, Schwarze A, Petzold C, Schmitz M, Rohayem J (2013-12-02). "Activation of dendritic cells by the novel Toll-like receptor 3 agonist RGC100". Clinical & Developmental Immunology. 2013: 283649. doi:10.1155/2013/283649. PMC 3878805. PMID 24454470.
source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyinosinic:polycytidylic_acid

One thought on “Cannabaceae”

  1. Well, that’s interesting to know that Psilotum nudum are known as whisk ferns. Psilotum nudum is the commoner species of the two. While the P. flaccidum is a rare species and is found in the tropical islands. Both the species are usually epiphytic in habit and grow upon tree ferns. These species may also be terrestrial and grow in humus or in the crevices of the rocks.
    View the detailed Guide of Psilotum nudum: Detailed Study Of Psilotum Nudum (Whisk Fern), Classification, Anatomy, Reproduction

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