Party for Socialism and Liberation | |
---|---|
![]() | |
Leader | Central Committee[1] |
Founded | June 18, 2004[1] |
Split from | Workers World Party |
Headquarters | |
Newspaper | Liberation News |
Ideology | |
Political position | Far-left |
International affiliation | International Peoples' Assembly[5] |
Colors | Red |
Elected offices | 0 |
Website | |
www | |
This article is part of a series on |
Socialism in the United States |
---|
![]() |
The Party for Socialism and Liberation (PSL) is a communist political party in the United States. PSL formed in 2004, when its members split from the Workers World Party. Time described PSL as a 'fringe, anti-capitalist party'.[6]
The organization has been criticized for its lack of solidarity with other American anti-capitalist organizations[7] and for its support of autocrats.[8] Its leadership also has ties to the Chinese government and Russian propaganda outlets.
Associated groups
[edit]These outlets and groups are all largely funded by Neville Singham, a pro-China tech mogul and have ties to other autocracies.[9] The Daily Beast described the network of organizations funded by Singham around the world as, "every country in which the International People’s Media Network has established a foothold is a country crucial to Beijing’s geopolitical goals."[9]
BreakThrough News
[edit]PSL leadership are closely involved with BreakThrough News, whose anchors all came from Kremlin-back outlets and work with the Tricontinental Institute for Social Research.[9]
Anchors on BreakThrough News include PSL founder Brian Becker and PSL 2008 and 2016 vice-presidential candidate Eugene Puryear.[9] Claudia De la Cruz is the outlet's secretary.[9]
The People's Forum
[edit]Claudia De la Cruz sits on the board, which Neville Singham also funds.[9]
Justice and Education fund
[edit]Claudia De la Cruz works as co-coordinator/educator for the Justice and Education fund, to which Neville Singham has donated more than $20 million.[9]
Radio Sputnik
[edit]Becker also co-hosted a show with John Kiriakou on Radio Sputnik[10][11] of the RT state media network.
Organization
[edit]Publications
[edit]PSL's main publication is the website and monthly paper Liberation News, which replaced Socialism and Liberation.[12][non-primary source needed] PSL also publishes Liberation School for longer material,[13][non-primary source needed] Breaking the Chains: A Socialist Perspective on Women's Liberation,[14][non-primary source needed] and Reds In Ed for educators.[15][non-primary source needed]
Structure
[edit]PSL is a democratic centralist party, which means that "all members, including those who disagree, are duty bound to publicly defend and carry out" all PSL decisions.[16][non-primary source needed] PSL's highest body is its Party Congress, held every 2 to 3 years, which selects its Central Committee leadership.[16][non-primary source needed] The PSL Central Committee can appoint up to 40% of Congress delegates.[16][non-primary source needed] PSL allows a one-month "discussion period" before each Congress. However, "the pre-Congress discussion" is "a completely internal discussion".[16][non-primary source needed]
History
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/2016_DNC_Protest_%2828545743705%29.jpg/220px-2016_DNC_Protest_%2828545743705%29.jpg)
PSL was formed in June 2004[1][non-primary source needed] when the San Francisco branch of the Marcyite[17][better source needed] Workers World Party left the organization. The San Francisco branch, alongside other members, announced that "the Workers World Party leadership is no longer capable of fulfilling [the] mission" of building socialism.[3] PSL co-founders included Richard Becker,[3] Brian Becker,[9] Gloria La Riva,[3] and Eugene Puryear.[9]
Ideology
[edit]![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Demand_Abolition_%28Makiyah_Bryant_shooting_protest%29_01b_IMG_9855_%2851128909124%29.jpg/170px-Demand_Abolition_%28Makiyah_Bryant_shooting_protest%29_01b_IMG_9855_%2851128909124%29.jpg)
International affairs
[edit]PSL defends the Soviet Union's suppression of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956.[7]
PSL supports the Communist Party of China,[18][10] criticizing only its capitalist economic reforms.[7] PSL argues that "militant political defense of the Chinese government" is necessary to stave off "counterrevolution, imperialist intervention and dismemberment".[19][18] PSL defends China's human rights records, and strongly denies that the Chinese military massacred student protestors in the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre.[18][20][7] PSL also supports China's crackdown on democracy in Hong Kong.[8]
PSL supports Kim Jong-un.[18][10][7] PSL describes North Korea as "one of the few top-to-bottom, actually-existing, alternatives to the global capitalist system".[21] PSL supports North Korea's nuclear weapons program.[10][21][22] PSL rejects criticism of North Korea's human rights record,[23] which it calls "thinly veiled justification for U.S. aggression toward North Korea",[24] and argues that "conditions in North Korea are vastly better than those in other developing countries".[24]
PSL supported the 2014 Russian annexation of Crimea.[25][26] While PSL did not agree with Vladimir Putin's decision to invade Ukraine in 2022, PSL argued Putin was justified in doing so and called for disbanding NATO.[27][8]
PSL opposes US intervention in the Syrian Civil War, and has generally been supportive of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, and Russian military efforts in Syria.[25][28][29][30][7] PSL denies that the Syrian government used chemical weapons.[31][28]
On October 8, 2023, one day after the Re'im music festival massacre, PSL Central Committee member Eugene Puryear helped organize a rally in support of Palestine in Times Square,[32] in which he stated: "[T]here was some sort of rave or desert party where they were having a great time, until the resistance came in electrified hang gliders and took at least several dozen hipsters, and I'm sure they're doing very fine despite what the New York Post says."[33]
Domestic
[edit]PSL identifies as a Marxist-Leninist party.[3] Other socialists have labelled PSL as Marxist-Leninist,[2][4] Marcyite,[34][better source needed] and campist.[35]
PSL describes its primary goal as the revolutionary overthrow of capitalism and the institution of state socialism as a transitionary stage toward a communist society, stating that "humanity today has only two choices: an increasingly destructive capitalism, or socialism".[36]
In 2020, at least five PSL members were arrested during protests against the Aurora police department for the killing of Elijah McClain.[37][38]
Criticism and controversies
[edit]Lack of solidarity with other left-leaning groups
[edit]Megan Cornish criticized PSL for undermining other left-leaning groups, including supporting Roseanne Barr over more ideologically-aligned candidates and keeping other anti-capitalist speakers away from microphones at rallies.[7]
Spoiler campaigns
[edit]In the 2024 presidential election, the party's candidates have been described as possible spoiler campaigns[39][40] boosting the chances of Donald Trump to win reelection.
Ties to autocrats
[edit]The party has supported the pursuit of nuclear weapons by Kim Jong Un and defends the Chinese government against accusations of abuses of human rights.[41][42] Its cofounder, Brian Becker, and the party's former two-time Vice-Presidential candidate Eugene Puryear both hosted shows or podcasts for Radio Sputnik, a Kremlin propaganda outlet.[42][9] Two of the other hosts of a recent forum for De la Cruz also had financial ties to Russia and a pro-china tycoon.[42]
Election results
[edit]PSL has fielded electoral candidates for local, state, and federal offices. PSL candidates usually run as independent candidates or as third party candidates, such as with the Peace and Freedom Party or the Green Party.[citation needed]
No PSL candidate has yet won an election.
Presidential elections
[edit]Year | Presidential candidate | Vice presidential candidate | Popular votes | % | Electoral votes | Result | Ballot access | Notes | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2024 | Claudia de la Cruz | Karina Garcia | T.B.D | T.B.D | T.B.D | T.B.D | 164 / 538
|
The Peace and Freedom Party also nominated de la Cruz. | [43] |
2020 | Gloria La Riva | Sunil Freeman[a] | 86,239 | 0 | Lost | 195 / 538
|
The Peace and Freedom Party also nominated La Riva.[b] | [44][45] | |
2016 | Gloria La Riva | Eugene Puryear | 74,027 | 0 | Lost | 112 / 538
|
The Peace and Freedom Party also nominated La Riva, with Dennis Banks as her running mate.[c] | [46] | |
2012 | Peta Lindsay | Yari Osorio | 7,791 | 0 | Lost | 146 / 538
|
[47] | ||
2008 | Gloria La Riva | Eugene Puryear | 6,818 | 0 | Lost | 137 / 538
|
[48] |
PSL ran La Riva and Sunil Freeman in the 2020 United States presidential election.[49][50] Originally Leonard Peltier was the vice-presidential nominee, but he withdrew for health reasons.[51][52][53]
Congressional elections
[edit]Year | Candidate | Chamber | State | District | Votes | % | Result | Notes | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2022 | José Cortés | House | California | CA-51 | 3,327 | Lost | ran as Peace and Freedom Party candidate; did not advance to top-two general | [54] | |
2020 | José Cortés | House | California | CA-50 | 1,821 | Lost | ran as Peace and Freedom Party candidate; did not advance to top-two general | [55][56] | |
2018 | Jordan Mills | House | California | CA-49 | 233 | Lost | ran as Peace and Freedom Party candidate; did not advance to top-two general | [57][58] | |
2014 | Frank Lara | House | California | CA-12 | 2,107 | Lost | ran as Peace and Freedom Party candidate; did not advance to top-two general | [59][60] | |
2010 | Gloria La Riva | House | California | CA-8 | 5,161 | Lost | ran as Peace and Freedom Party candidate | [61] | |
2008 | Nathalie Hrizi | House | California | CA-12 | 5,793 | Lost | ran as Peace and Freedom Party candidate; did not advance to top-two general | [62][63] | |
2008 | Michael Prysner | House | Florida | FL-22 | 6 | Lost | ran as write-in candidate | [64][65][48] |
State elections
[edit]Year | Candidate | Office | State | District | Votes | % | Result | Notes | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2024 | Kevin Martinez | State Assembly | California | 6 | 1,861 | Lost | ran as Peace and Freedom Party candidate | [66] | |
2022 | Noah Leininger | State House | Indiana | 90 | 259 | Lost | ran as write-in candidate | [67] | |
2022 | Nathalie Hrizi | Insurance Commissioner | California | At-Large | 189,289 | Lost | ran as Peace and Freedom Party candidate | [68] | |
2022 | Meghann Adams | State Treasurer | California | At-Large | 242,234 | Lost | ran as Peace and Freedom Party candidate | [69] | |
2021 | Ernesto Huerta | State Senate | California | 30 | 1,565 | Lost | ran as Peace and Freedom Party candidate | [70] | |
2018 | Gloria La Riva | Governor | California | At-Large | 19,075 | Lost | ran as Peace and Freedom Party candidate | [71] | |
2018 | Nathalie Hrizi | Insurance Commissioner | California | At-Large | 309,399 | Lost | ran as Peace and Freedom Party candidate | [72] | |
2017 | John Prysner | State Assembly | California | 51 | 232 | Lost | ran as Peace and Freedom Party candidate | [73] | |
2014 | Nathalie Hrizi | Insurance Commissioner | California | At-Large | 212,991 | Lost | ran as Peace and Freedom Party candidate | [74] | |
2010 | Carlos Alvarez | Governor | California | At-Large | 92,856 | Lost | ran as Peace and Freedom Party candidate | [75] | |
2010 | Corey Ansel | State House | Ohio | 22 | 716 | Lost | ran as Green Party candidate | [76] | |
2008 | Heather Benno | State House | Illinois | 40 | 2,276 | Lost | ran as Green Party candidate | [77] | |
2008 | John Beachem | State House | Illinois | 14 | 4,745 | Lost | ran as Green Party candidate | [77] | |
2008 | Lucilla Esguerra | State Assembly | California | 48 | 11,173 | Lost | ran as Peace and Freedom Party candidate | [78] |
Local elections
[edit]Year | Candidate | Office | City | District | Votes | % | Result | Notes | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2024 | Eduardo Vargas | City Council | Los Angeles | 14 | 1,638 | Lost | non-partisan election | [79] | |
2023 | Ana Santoyo | City Council | Chicago | 45 | 895 | Lost | non-partisan election | [80] | |
2021 | Colin Dodson | City Council | Urbana | 2 | 57 | Lost | ran as Party for Socialism and Liberation candidate | [81][82] | |
2021 | Cathy Rojas | Mayor | New York | At-Large | 27,982 | Lost | ran as Party for Socialism and Liberation candidate | [83][84] | |
2014 | Eugene Puryear | City Council | Washington D.C. | At-Large | 12,525 | Lost | ran as D.C. Statehood Green Party candidate | [85] | |
2010 | Stevie Merino | Mayor | Long Beach | At-Large | 5,057 | Lost | non-partisan election | [86] | |
2009 | Carlos Alvarez | Mayor | Los Angeles | At-Large | 3,047 | Lost | non-partisan election | [87] | |
2009 | Francisca Villar | Mayor | New York | At-Large | 3,517 | Lost | ran as Party for Socialism and Liberation candidate | [88] | |
2008 | Stephen Hinze | Board of Supervisors | Los Angeles | 5 | 29,875 | Lost | non-partisan election | [89] | |
2008 | Marylou Cabral | Board of Supervisors | Los Angeles | 4 | 23,703 | Lost | non-partisan election | [90] | |
2008 | Amanda Todd | City Council | Sioux Falls | Unknown | Unknown | Lost | unk | [91] | |
2008 | Sergio Farias | City Council | San Juan Capistrano | Unknown | 1,133 | Lost | unk | [92][93] |
National conventions
[edit]Name | Date | Location | Report | Program | Constitution |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Founding Convention | June 18-20, 2004 | San Francisco, CA | Convention report | Founding statement | |
First National Convention | 2005 | Program | |||
Second National Convention | February 18-20, 2006 | San Francisco, CA | Convention report | ||
Third National Convention | June 2007 | ||||
First Party Congress | February 13-15, 2010 | Los Angeles, CA | Convention report | Program | |
Second Party Congress | February 2013 | Program | |||
Third Party Congress | April 1-3, 2016 | San Francisco, CA | Convention report | Program | |
Fourth Party Congress | August 2019 | Program | |||
Fifth Party Congress | July 2022 | Program | Constitution |
Notable members
[edit]- Jodi Dean, academic[94]
- Kristin Richardson Jordan (former), poet, activist and member of the New York City Council (9th district)[95]
- Eugene Puryear, reporter and candidate for vice president in 2008 and 2016[citation needed]
- Gloria La Riva, political activist and perennial candidate[citation needed]
- Claudia de la Cruz, community organizer and presidential candidate in 2024[citation needed]
- Michael Prysner, anti-war activist[citation needed]
- Peta Lindsay, presidential candidate[citation needed]
- Jon Siebels, guitarist for the band Eve 6[non-primary source needed]
- Sunil Freeman, political activist, poet, and candidate for vice president in 2020[citation needed]
See also
[edit]- American Left
- Chinese censorship abroad
- History of the socialist movement in the United States
- Democratic Socialists of America
- Communist Party USA
- Socialist Alternative (United States)
Notes
[edit]- ^ Replacing Leonard Peltier, who remained on the ballot in Minnesota and Illinois.
- ^ 2020: "Ballot access" above includes all states where La Riva was not a write-in; ie, where they were a listed PSL, PFP, or LUP candidate.
- ^ 2016: "Ballot access" above includes all states where La Riva was not a write-in; ie, where they were a listed PSL, PFP, or LUP candidate.
References
[edit]- ^ a b c "15 years of building the Party, growing and learning". Liberation News. June 21, 2019. Archived from the original on October 24, 2023.
- ^ a b Ford, Derek P. (June 1, 2017). "Making Marxist Pedagogy Magical: From Critique to Imagination, or, How Bookkeepers Set Us Free". Critical Education. 8 (9): 10.
I want to turn our attention to the magical thinking of the Party for Socialism and Liberation. As a Marxist-Leninist Party in the United States, the PSL was founded in 2004.
- ^ a b c d e Kroitzsh, Aleka A. (August 2, 2019). "Local socialists see the "fog of anti-communism" lifting". Mission Local.
The PSL espouses a Marxist-Leninist ideology, one intent on "fighting the war program in the U.S., fighting imperialism, and fighting for Socialism," said Gloria La Riva, a socialist presidential candidate since 1993 and a PSL founder.
- ^ a b Khan, K.; Trottier, Tom (November 11, 2021). "USA: The end of the Biden honeymoon". Socialist Appeal. Socialist Revolution USA.
The Party for Socialism and Liberation (PSL), a small 'Marxist-Leninist' organisation with limited resources, ran a candidate under its own banner for mayor of New York City.
- ^ "Who We Are: International Process". International Peoples' Assembly. Archived from the original on October 24, 2023.
- ^ Racker, Mini (2023-10-16). "Cornel West on Biden, Trump, and 'My Brother' RFK Jr". TIME. Retrieved 2024-08-25.
- ^ a b c d e f g Cornish, Megan (February 2013). "A political critique of the Party for Socialism and Liberation". Socialism.org. Retrieved February 26, 2021.
- ^ a b c Brown, George Martin Fell (2022-04-04). "Socialists and the War in Ukraine: A Response to the Party for Socialism and Liberation". Socialist Alternative. Retrieved 2024-08-26.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Bredderman, William (May 29, 2023). "U.S Tech Mogul Bankrolls Pro-Russia, Pro-China News Network". The Daily Beast.
Sitting on the People's Forum's board is Claudia De La Cruz, who pulls triple duty as BreakThrough's secretary and as a "co-coordinator/educator" for the Justice and Education Fund. An auditor's report filed in New York shows that more of Singham's money trickled down to BreakThrough from the Forum in the form of $80,575 in donated rent in 2021, the most recent year for which filings are available. But when The Daily Beast visited the People's Forum address, it found a bookstore hawking tomes by Prashad and titles from his Leftword imprint, as well as a coffee shop and an event space—but no evidence of a studio. What's more, none of BreakThrough's hosts appear among the staff listed in the outlet's filings. Rather, the underlying nonprofit's leadership consists of figures like De La Cruz who donate an hour a week to the organization, and who like De La Cruz are affiliated with the Party for Socialism and Liberation, a small far-left sect that does not appear to receive substantial donations from Singham or from anybody else. The PSL does, however, appear as an allied group to the International People's Media Network on its webpage. Puryear and Becker, two of the BreakThrough anchors, are co-founders of the party.
- ^ a b c d Corn, David (September 28, 2023). "As a Presidential Candidate, Cornel West Aligns Himself With Far-Left Radicals". Mother Jones.
The PSL has supported the North Korean regime and its pursuit of nuclear weapons and also hailed the Chinese Communist Party, defending it against various charges of human rights violations. Brian Becker, a co-founder of the PSL, used to co-host a show on Radio Sputnik, a Moscow-created propaganda network.
- ^ Kiriakou, John (March 11, 2022). "Yes, I Work for Sputnik News". LA Progressive.
- ^ "Socialism and Liberation magazine is changing". June 5, 2007. Archived from the original on February 22, 2008.
- ^ "Our Mission | Liberation School". 25 March 2014. Retrieved 2021-05-30.
- ^ "About Breaking the Chains – Breaking the Chains". Retrieved 2020-11-01.
- ^ "RedsInEd". redsined.org. 2020-03-13. Retrieved 2020-11-01.
- ^ a b c d "Party For Socialism And Liberation PSL Constitution 2022". Internet Archive. November 29, 2023.
4. Decision-making procedures 4.1 After a thorough discussion in any branch or Party body, at the Party Congress, or at a national internal conference, decisions are arrived at by majority vote of all full members present, except when otherwise noted herein. All members, including those who disagree, are duty bound to publicly defend and carry out these decisions. [....] The Party Congress may also have voting delegates nominated directly by the Central Committee, the maximum number of which shall not exceed 40 percent of the total elected delegates. Such delegates shall be elected by a vote of two-thirds of the members of the Central Committee (for two-thirds votes, round up when the outcome is a fraction). [....] During this discussion, all Party members have the right to express their views and propose changes, including amendments to the Constitution, to propose resolutions on all questions of policy and tactics, and on the work of leading bodies for consideration by the Congress. All existing policies and decisions remain in full force during the pre-Congress discussion, which is a completely internal discussion.
- ^ Lawrence, Ken. "Roots of the Workers World Party". libcom.org.
This stance in turn meant playing down to insignificance polemics against Stalinism, while seeking leadership of the class through exemplary action. The Marcyites remained uneasily as a faction within the SWP until the USSR's military invasion of Hungary in 1956, which they supported and the SWP denounced. Depending on whose version you believe, the Marcy-Copeland faction either left (Marcy) or was expelled (Cannon), and formed Workers World Party in 1957.
- ^ a b c d Wolf, Sherry (2017). Sexuality and Socialism: History, Politics, and Theory of LGBT Liberation. Haymarket Books. p. 106. ISBN 978-1-60846-076-2.
- ^ Becker, Brian (31 May 2007). "What do socialists defend in China today?". Liberation School.
- ^ Becker, Brian (13 June 2014). "Tiananmen: The Massacre that Wasn't". Liberation School.
What happened in China, what took the lives of government opponents and of soldiers on June 4, was not a massacre of peaceful students but a battle between PLA soldiers and armed detachments from the so-called pro-democracy movement.
- ^ a b Gowans, Stephan (23 February 2013). "Why North Korea is developing nuclear weapons". Liberation News. Archived from the original on 18 December 2020.
- ^ Liberation Staff (11 October 2006). "Flyer: 'North Korea has the right to possess nuclear weapons'". Liberation News. Archived from the original on 14 July 2019.
- ^ Beacham, John (2 February 2015). "West's favorite North Korean defector lied to UN". Liberation News. Archived from the original on 8 November 2020.
- ^ a b Wang, Mike (26 March 2014). "UN hypocrisy and human rights in North Korea". Liberation News. Archived from the original on 11 November 2020.
- ^ a b Martin, George (April 4, 2022). "Socialists and the War in Ukraine: A Response to the Party for Socialism and Liberation". Socialist Alternative.
- ^ Becker, Brian (March 17, 2014). "Crimea Referendum: the hidden truth behind the U.S.-Russia rivalry". Liberation News. Party for Socialism and Liberation.
- ^ "PSL Statement on Russia's military intervention in Ukraine". Liberation News. Party for Socialism and Liberation. February 24, 2022.
- ^ a b "Confronting the impending war danger against Syria [PSL Statement]". Liberation News. 10 April 2018.
- ^ Syrian Communist Party (14 December 2016). "Syrian Communist Party (Unified): Syria facing "barbarous imperialist aggression"". Liberation News.
- ^ Majidi, Mazda (28 March 2016). "Will the U.S. abandon 'Assad must go'?". Liberation News.
- ^ Majidi, Mazda (6 September 2013). "12 myths and facts about Syria". Liberation News. Archived from the original on 14 July 2019.
Myth: There is evidence that the Syrian government has used chemical weapons. Fact: Despite vague claims of having proof, not only does the U.S. government have no evidence, it has worked hard to suppress any real investigation into what actually happened in suburban Damascus on Aug. 21...The Syrian government had no incentive to use chemical weapons and every reason not to.
- ^ ""Apartheid Resistance Is Not Terrorism": Protesters Stand in Solidarity with Palestinians". Democracy Now!. Retrieved 2023-10-11.
Eugene Puryear: "The whole reason I'm yelling is because the powers that be in New York City and New York state don't want this rally to happen.
- ^ MacDougald, Park; Siegel, Jacob (October 10, 2023). "Israel at War". Tablet (magazine).
listeners cheered a speaker who boasted … took out at least several dozen hipsters … That speaker, it turned out, was activist journalist Eugene Puryear
- ^ "Libya and the Opportunist Left". The Internationalist. League for the Fourth International. April 2011.
- ^ Sculos, Bryant William (Summer 2020). ""Campism" and the "New" (Anti-) Imperialisms". New Politics. XVIII (1).
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
PSLAbout
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Protesters, demonstration leaders arrested in connection to rallies in Aurora". Denver Post. MediaNews Group, Inc. September 17, 2020.
- ^ Kaplan, Noah (10 November 2020). "The Election May Be Over, but Their Fight Has Just Begun". westword.com. Denver Westword.
- ^ "Third-party candidates file to run for president, US Senate in Pennsylvania". The Seattle Times. 2024-08-01. Retrieved 2024-08-26.
- ^ Saunders, Patrick (2024-07-10). "Third-party candidates Kennedy Jr. and West take a big step to appearing on Georgia ballot". WABE. Retrieved 2024-08-26.
- ^ Masciotra, David (December 29, 2023). "Cornel West Is the Charlatan of the Year". The New Republic. ISSN 0028-6583. Retrieved 2024-08-24.
- ^ a b c Corn, David. "As a presidential candidate, Cornel West aligns himself with far-left radicals". Mother Jones. Retrieved 2024-08-25.
- ^ Gabbatt, Adam (January 7, 2024). "'We are working-class women of color': the long-shot socialist run for the White House". The Guardian. Retrieved January 7, 2024.
- ^ "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved 2020-11-23.
- ^ "Federal Elections 2020" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. October 2022. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 4, 2022. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
- ^ "Federal Elections 2016" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. December 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 2, 2019. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
- ^ "Federal Elections 2012" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. July 2013. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 2, 2019. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
- ^ a b "Federal Elections 2008" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. July 2009. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 2, 2019. Retrieved June 1, 2023.
- ^ Kumar, Arun (2020-10-30). "The other Indian American running for US vice president". The American Bazaar. Retrieved 2022-02-08.
- ^ Murray, Jon (2020-08-19). "Presidential candidates on Colorado's November 2020 ballot". The Denver Post. Retrieved 2022-02-08.
- ^ Schoenburg, Bernard (2020-07-20). "Kanye West files for president in Illinois". The State Journal-Register. Retrieved 2024-03-26.
- ^ Cox, Benjamin (2020-07-21). "Independents, Third Parties File For General Election Ballot". WLDS. Retrieved 2022-02-08.
- ^ "2nd Indian-origin candidate running for US Vice-President". The Tribune. IANS. 2020-10-20. Archived from the original on 2023-10-24. Retrieved 2022-02-08.
- ^ Stone, Ken (2021-07-27). "A Socialist for Congress? Comrade Cortés Aims to Oust Rep. Issa in GOP Heartland". Times of San Diego. Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ "Election 2020: José Cortés for U.S. Congress in California's 50th District - Peace and Freedom Party". www.peaceandfreedomparty.org. Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ Farber, Zach. "José Cortés for Congress 2020: On health care – Liberation News". Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ McGill, Eric (June 27, 2022). "In Memoriam: Jordan Mills (1969-2022)". Peace and Freedom Party.
- ^ "Federal Elections 2018" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. October 2019. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 2, 2019.
- ^ "Frank Lara". Ballotpedia. Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ "A Different Kind of Campaign/Una Campaña en apoyo al pueblo". Indybay. Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ "United States Representative: 8th Congressional District" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-05-20. Retrieved 2023-11-28.
- ^ "P&F Campaign 2008: Nathalie Hrizi for Congress, 12th District". www.peaceandfreedom2008.org. Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ "Large Protest Against Health Insurance Companies in San Francisco". Indybay. Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ Liberation Staff. "Congressional candidate, anti-war vet Michael Prysner takes on workers' issues – Liberation News". Retrieved 2021-10-19.
- ^ Johnson, Khari (August 26, 2008). "Low turnout at Denver protests, Delray Beach Congressional candidate still shows". South Florida Sun-Sentinel.
- ^ "State Assembly District 6 - Districtwide Results". Retrieved 2024-03-06.
- ^ "Leininger for State Rep 90". Retrieved 2022-05-27.
- ^ "Nathalie Hrizi". Ballotpedia. Retrieved 2022-05-13.
- ^ PSL Staff. "Meghann Adams for California State Treasurer – Liberation News". Retrieved 2022-04-26.
- ^ Britton, Jon. "Socialist Ernesto Huerta runs for California State Senate District 30 – Liberation News". Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ Maiden, Peter (2018-06-16). "Interview with Peace and Freedom Candidate for Governor Gloria La Riva". Community Alliance. Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ "Nathalie Hrizi". Ballotpedia. Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ "John Prysner". Liberation News. Retrieved 2017-08-24.
- ^ PSL Staff. "California socialist campaigns receive more than 200,000 votes – Liberation News". Liberation News. Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ Liberation Staff. "PSL candidate Carlos Alvarez wins Peace and Freedom nomination for Calif. Governor – Liberation News". Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ Columbus, PSL. "Socialist campaign in Columbus Ohio – Liberation News". Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ a b Massey, Beth (13 May 2008). "PSL candidate addresses College of Complexes – Liberation News". Liberation News. Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ Thompson, Ian (15 October 2008). "PSL Lucilla Esguerra campaign fights for workers' rights – Liberation News". Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ Woo, Daniel. "Socialist Lalo Vargas announces campaign for CD 14 in Los Angeles". liberationnews.org. Retrieved 2023-05-31.
- ^ Nadig, Brian. "Union worker Ana Santoyo becomes fourth challenger to Alderman James Gardiner; Santoyo plans to bring a 'fighting, socialist campaign to Chicago's 45th Ward'". nadignewspapers.com. Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ "Champaign County Official Results".
- ^ Henchek, Catherine. "PSL's Colin Dodson runs for Urbana, Illinois, City Council". Liberation News. Retrieved 2021-10-12.
- ^ Debusmann, B. "Is New York City ready for a socialist mayoral candidate?". www.lapoliticaonline.com.mx (in Spanish). Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ "New York Election Results". The New York Times. 2021-11-02. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-11-04.
- ^ "Meet an at-large D.C. Council candidate: Eugene Puryear". Washington Post. Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ Kauffman, Doug. "PSL campaign wins thousands of votes for socialist platform in Long Beach – Liberation News". Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - Los Angeles Mayor Race - Mar 03, 2009". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ "2009 NYC Voter Guide: Candidate Profile: Francisca Villar". www.nyccfb.info. Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ David Feldman (15 May 2008). "Stephen Hinze takes on cops, L.A. City Attorney – Liberation News". Retrieved 2023-11-28.
- ^ Liberation Staff (27 May 2008). "Socialist youth activist takes on three-term incumbent for L.A. County Supervisor – Liberation News". Retrieved 2021-09-17.
- ^ "PSL's Amanda Todd wins 11 percent in Sioux Falls city council vote". Liberation News. April 12, 2008.
- ^ "Meet Sergio Farias". January 6, 2008. Archived from the original on February 21, 2011.
- ^ Farias, Sergio. "Election Results Archives". Orange County Register of Votes.
- ^ Featherstone, Liza (May 17, 2020). "The Left in Lockdown". Jacobin. Retrieved January 11, 2024.
Without being part of a political organization, she says — Dean is a member of the Party for Socialism and Liberation (PSL) — this difficult political moment might have overwhelmed her. As soon as the shutdown hit, however, the PSL assigned her to lead online study groups. "I would have been sucked into misery," she says. "But the party gave me a sense of duty and responsibility."
- ^ Medina, Justine (July 9, 2021). "Black queer socialist makes history, winning Democratic primary in Harlem". People's World. Retrieved August 19, 2021.
Well, that’s interesting to know that Psilotum nudum are known as whisk ferns. Psilotum nudum is the commoner species of the two. While the P. flaccidum is a rare species and is found in the tropical islands. Both the species are usually epiphytic in habit and grow upon tree ferns. These species may also be terrestrial and grow in humus or in the crevices of the rocks.
View the detailed Guide of Psilotum nudum: Detailed Study Of Psilotum Nudum (Whisk Fern), Classification, Anatomy, Reproduction