Cannabaceae

thcscience_admin
MLNR
Identifiers
AliasesMLNR, GPR38, MTLR1, motilin receptor
External IDsOMIM: 602885; HomoloGene: 74398; GeneCards: MLNR; OMA:MLNR - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

2862

n/a

Ensembl

ENSG00000102539

n/a

UniProt

O43193

n/a

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001507

n/a

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001498

n/a

Location (UCSC)Chr 13: 49.22 – 49.22 Mbn/a
PubMed search[2]n/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Motilin receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor (previously GPCR38)[3][4][5] that binds motilin.[6][7] It was first cloned in 1999 by Merck Laboratories.[8] and scientists have since been searching for compounds to modify its behavior.[9]

The primary structure of the motilin receptor consists of 412 amino acids,[8] while its tertiary structure resembles a golf club.[10] The protein C-terminal protein protects from enzymatic degradation, while the N-terminal is essential for binding.[10]

Function[edit]

The primary function of the motilin receptor is to contract gastric smooth muscle during phase III of the migrating motor complex (MMC).[8] In this final phase of the MMC, N-type motilin receptors in the distal antral pump of the stomach are activated.[11] This causes contraction of the gastric smooth muscle, sieving food into the small intestine, and priming the stomach for the next meal.[12]

Motilin[edit]

Motilin is an intestinal peptide that stimulates the contraction of gastric smooth muscle via the motilin receptor.[8] It is produced by enteroendocrine cells in the proximal small intestine[3][13] and secreted cyclically.[14] Motilin mimetics could be used to increase gastric motility in patients with gastroparesis e.g., constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome.[15] However, none of the candidate drugs that have been tested so far have made it to market.[4][16]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000102539 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  3. ^ a b Gomez GA, Englander EW, Greeley GH (January 2012). "Chapter 7 - Postpyloric Gastrointestinal Peptides". In Johnson LR, Ghishan FK, Kaunitz JD, Merchant JL (eds.). Physiology of the Gastrointestinal Tract (Fifth ed.). Boston: Academic Press. pp. 155–198. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-382026-6.00007-5. ISBN 978-0-12-382026-6.
  4. ^ a b Puckrin Z (February 2023). "Everything you need to know about the motilin receptor". www.reprocell.com. Retrieved 2023-02-24.
  5. ^ Westaway SM, Sanger GJ (2009). "The identification of and rationale for drugs which act at the motilin receptor". Progress in Medicinal Chemistry. 48: 31–80. doi:10.1016/s0079-6468(09)04802-4. ISBN 978-0-444-53358-6. PMID 21544957.
  6. ^ Depoortere I (2001). "Motilin and motilin receptors: characterization and functional significance". Verhandelingen - Koninklijke Academie voor Geneeskunde van Belgie. 63 (6): 511–529. PMID 11813507.
  7. ^ Yang X, Dong L, Yang H (September 2006). "[Evidence for the presence of motilin receptor and a study on the mechanism of motilin induced Ca2+ signaling in rat myenteric neurons]". Sichuan da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical Science Edition (in Chinese). 37 (5): 683–686. PMID 17037727.
  8. ^ a b c d Poitras P (2013). "Chapter 170 - Motilin". Handbook of Biologically Active Peptides (Second ed.). San Diego, CA: Academic Press. pp. 1257–1264. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-385095-9.00170-6. ISBN 978-0-12-385095-9.
  9. ^ Leming S, Broad J, Cozens SJ, Otterson M, Winchester W, Lee K, et al. (October 2011). "GSK962040: a small molecule motilin receptor agonist which increases gastrointestinal motility in conscious dogs". Neurogastroenterology and Motility. 23 (10): 958–e410. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2982.2011.01770.x. PMID 21895874. S2CID 21813655.
  10. ^ a b Kaiya H (January 2021). "Chapter 30 - Ghrelin-motilin family". In Ando H, Ukena K, Nagata S (eds.). Handbook of Hormones (Second ed.). San Diego: Academic Press. pp. 317–319. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-820649-2.00082-6. ISBN 978-0-12-820649-2. S2CID 242138545.
  11. ^ Surjanhata BC, Kuo B (January 2014). "Gastrointestinal Motility and Enteric Neuroscience in Health and Disease". Reference Module in Biomedical Sciences. Elsevier. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-801238-3.00051-9. ISBN 978-0-12-801238-3.
  12. ^ Taheri S, Ghatei MA, Bloom SR (January 2010). "Chapter 152 - Gastrointestinal Hormones and Tumor Syndromes". In Jameson JL, De Groot LJ (eds.). Endocrinology (Sixth ed.). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. pp. 2759–2773. doi:10.1016/B978-1-4160-5583-9.00152-0. ISBN 978-1-4160-5583-9.
  13. ^ Vella A (January 2016). "Chapter 38 - Gastrointestinal Hormones and Gut Endocrine Tumors". In Melmed S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR, Kronenberg HM (eds.). Williams Textbook of Endocrinology (Thirteenth ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier. pp. 1701–1722. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-29738-7.00038-1. ISBN 978-0-323-29738-7.
  14. ^ Shim J, Yu R (2020-01-01). "Chapter 7 - Gut Hormones in Pregnancy and Lactation". In Kovacs CS, Deal CL (eds.). Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Endocrinology. Academic Press. pp. 91–99. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-814823-5.00007-6. ISBN 978-0-12-814823-5. S2CID 208557201.
  15. ^ de Villiers WJ (April 2003). "Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: Pathophysiology/Diagnosis/Management—2 Volume Set, 7th Edition". Shock. 19 (4): 397–398. doi:10.1097/00024382-200304000-00021. ISSN 1540-0514.
  16. ^ Lafferty R, O'Harte F, Irwin N, Flatt PR, Gault VA (2022). "Pharmacology of Gut Hormone Mimetics for Obesity and Diabetes". Reference Module in Biomedical Sciences. Elsevier. pp. 301–343. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-820472-6.00035-9. ISBN 978-0-12-820876-2. S2CID 234190503. Retrieved 2023-02-24.

Further reading[edit]

External links[edit]

source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motilin_receptor

One thought on “Cannabaceae”

  1. Well, that’s interesting to know that Psilotum nudum are known as whisk ferns. Psilotum nudum is the commoner species of the two. While the P. flaccidum is a rare species and is found in the tropical islands. Both the species are usually epiphytic in habit and grow upon tree ferns. These species may also be terrestrial and grow in humus or in the crevices of the rocks.
    View the detailed Guide of Psilotum nudum: Detailed Study Of Psilotum Nudum (Whisk Fern), Classification, Anatomy, Reproduction

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