Member
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Party
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Years
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Cong ress
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Electoral history
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District location
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District created March 4, 1789
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Benjamin_Goodhue%2C_1748-1814%2C_from_painting_at_Essex_Institute_by_George_Southward%2C_photo_by_Frank_Cousins%2C_c._1865-1914%2C_from_the_Digital_Commonwealth_-_commonwealth_2b88rh309.jpg/100px-thumbnail.jpg) Benjamin Goodhue (Salem)
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Pro-Administration
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March 4, 1789 – March 3, 1793
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1st 2nd
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Elected January 29, 1789, on the second ballot. Re-elected October 4, 1790. Redistricted to the 1st district.
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1789–1793 Essex County
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/DFoster.jpg/100px-DFoster.jpg) Dwight Foster (Brookfield)
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Pro-Administration
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General ticket: March 4, 1793 – March 3, 1795
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3rd
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Elected April 1, 1793, on the third ballot as part of the four-seat general ticket, representing the district at-large. Redistricted to the 4th district.
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1793–1795 Berkshire County, Worcester County, and Hampshire County
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/TheodoreSedgwick.jpg/100px-TheodoreSedgwick.jpg) Theodore Sedgwick (Great Barrington)
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Pro-Administration
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Redistricted from the 4th district and re-elected November 2, 1792, as part of the four-seat general ticket, representing the district from Berkshire County. Redistricted to the 1st district.
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Raphaelle_Peale_-_Artemas_Ward_%281727-1800%29_-_H835_-_Harvard_Art_Museums.jpg/100px-Raphaelle_Peale_-_Artemas_Ward_%281727-1800%29_-_H835_-_Harvard_Art_Museums.jpg) Artemas Ward (Shrewsbury)
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Pro-Administration
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Redistricted from the 7th district and re-elected November 2, 1792, as part of the four-seat general ticket, representing the district from Worcester County. [data missing]
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William Lyman (Northampton)
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Anti-Administration
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Elected April 1, 1793, on the third ballot as part of the four-seat general ticket, representing the district from Hampshire County. Re-elected November 3, 1794, as the sole representative from the district. Lost re-election.
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Democratic-Republican
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March 4, 1795 – March 3, 1797
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4th
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1795–1803 "2nd Western district"
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Gilbert_Stuart_Portrait_of_William_Shepard.jpg/100px-Gilbert_Stuart_Portrait_of_William_Shepard.jpg) William Shepard (Westfield)
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|
Federalist
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March 4, 1797 – March 3, 1803
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5th 6th 7th
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Elected January 16, 1797, on the second ballot. Re-elected in 1798. Re-elected in 1800. Retired.
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Jacob_Crowninshield.jpg/100px-Jacob_Crowninshield.jpg) Jacob Crowninshield (Salem)
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Democratic-Republican
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March 4, 1803 – April 15, 1808
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8th 9th 10th
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Elected in 1802. Re-elected in 1804. Re-elected in 1806. Died.
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1803–1823 "Essex South district"
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Vacant
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April 15, 1808 – May 23, 1808
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10th
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Joseph_Story.jpg/100px-Joseph_Story.jpg) Joseph Story (Salem)
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Democratic-Republican
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May 23, 1808 – March 3, 1809
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Elected to finish Crowninshield's term. Retired.
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/BenjaminPickman_ca1843_byChesterHarding_MFABoston.jpeg/100px-BenjaminPickman_ca1843_byChesterHarding_MFABoston.jpeg) Benjamin Pickman Jr. (Salem)
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Federalist
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March 4, 1809 – March 3, 1811
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11th
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Elected in 1808. Retired.
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Portrait_of_William_Reed_%281776-1837%29.jpg/100px-Portrait_of_William_Reed_%281776-1837%29.jpg) William Reed (Marblehead)
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Federalist
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March 4, 1811 – March 3, 1815
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12th 13th
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Elected in 1810. Re-elected in 1812. Retired.
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Timothy_Pickering%2C_Peale.jpg/100px-Timothy_Pickering%2C_Peale.jpg) Timothy Pickering (Wendham)
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Federalist
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March 4, 1815 – March 3, 1817
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14th
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Redistricted from the 3rd district and re-elected in 1814. Lost re-election.
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Nathaniel_Silsbee.png/100px-Nathaniel_Silsbee.png) Nathaniel Silsbee (Salem)
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Democratic-Republican
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March 4, 1817 – March 3, 1821
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15th 16th
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Elected in 1816. Re-elected in 1818. Retired.
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Gideon Barstow (Salem)
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Democratic-Republican
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March 4, 1821 – March 3, 1823
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17th
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Elected in 1821 on the third ballot. Retired.
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/BWCrowninshield.jpg/100px-BWCrowninshield.jpg) Benjamin W. Crowninshield (Salem)
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Democratic-Republican
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March 4, 1823 – March 3, 1825
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18th 19th 20th 21st
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Elected in 1823 on the second ballot. Re-elected in 1824. Re-elected in 1826. Re-elected in 1828. Lost re-election.
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1823–1833 "Essex South district"
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Anti-Jacksonian
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March 4, 1825 – March 3, 1831
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/RufusChoate_Southworth_Hawes-crop.png/100px-RufusChoate_Southworth_Hawes-crop.png) Rufus Choate (Salem)
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Anti-Jacksonian
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March 4, 1831 – June 30, 1834
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22nd 23rd
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Elected in 1830. Re-elected in 1833. Resigned.
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1833–1843 [data missing]
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Vacant
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June 30, 1834 – December 1, 1834
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23rd
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Stephen_Clarendon_Phillips.png/100px-Stephen_Clarendon_Phillips.png) Stephen C. Phillips (Salem)
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Anti-Jacksonian
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December 1, 1834 – March 3, 1837
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23rd 24th 25th
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Elected to finish Choate's term. Also elected to the full term in 1834. Re-elected in 1836. Resigned to become Mayor of Salem.
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Whig
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March 4, 1837 – September 28, 1838
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Vacant
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September 28, 1838 – December 5, 1838
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25th
|
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Leverett_Saltonstall_1783-1845_-_Chester_Harding.jpg/100px-Leverett_Saltonstall_1783-1845_-_Chester_Harding.jpg) Leverett Saltonstall (Salem)
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Whig
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December 5, 1838 – March 3, 1843
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25th 26th 27th
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Elected to finish Phillips's term in 1838 and seated December 5, 1838. Also elected to the full term in 1838. Re-elected in 1840. Lost re-election.
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Daniel_Putnam_King_%281801-1850%29.jpg/100px-Daniel_Putnam_King_%281801-1850%29.jpg) Daniel P. King (South Danvers)
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Whig
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March 4, 1843 – July 25, 1850
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28th 29th 30th 31st
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Elected in 1843 on the fourth ballot. Re-elected in 1844. Re-elected in 1846. Re-elected in 1848. Died.
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1843–1853 [data missing]
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Vacant
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July 25, 1850 – March 3, 1851
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31st
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/RRantoul.jpg/100px-RRantoul.jpg) Robert Rantoul Jr. (Beverly)
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Democratic
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March 4, 1851 – August 7, 1852
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32nd
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Elected in 1850. Died.
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Vacant
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August 7, 1852 – December 13, 1852
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Francis_B._Fay.png/100px-Francis_B._Fay.png) Francis B. Fay (Chelsea)
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Whig
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December 13, 1852 – March 3, 1853
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Elected to finish Rantoul's term. Retired.
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Samuel_Leonard_Crocker.png/100px-Samuel_Leonard_Crocker.png) Samuel L. Crocker (Taunton)
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Whig
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March 4, 1853 – March 3, 1855
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33rd
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Elected in 1852. Lost re-election.
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1853–1863 [data missing]
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/JBuffington.jpg/100px-JBuffington.jpg) James Buffington[12](Fall River)
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Know Nothing
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March 4, 1855 – March 3, 1857
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34th 35th 36th 37th
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Elected in 1854. Re-elected in 1856. Re-elected in 1858. Re-elected in 1860. Retired.
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Republican
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March 4, 1857 – March 3, 1863
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Oakes_Ames_-_Brady-Handy.jpg/100px-Oakes_Ames_-_Brady-Handy.jpg) Oakes Ames[8] (North Easton)
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Republican
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March 4, 1863 – March 3, 1873
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38th 39th 40th 41st 42nd
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Elected in 1862. Re-elected in 1864. Re-elected in 1866. Re-elected in 1868. Re-elected in 1870. Retired.
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1863–1873 [data missing]
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BWHarris.jpg/100px-BWHarris.jpg) Benjamin W. Harris[13][14] (East Bridgewater)
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Republican
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March 4, 1873 – March 3, 1883
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43rd 44th 45th 46th 47th
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Elected in 1872. Re-elected in 1874. Re-elected in 1876. Re-elected in 1878. Re-elected in 1880. Retired.
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1873–1883 [data missing]
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/John_Davis_Long.jpg/100px-John_Davis_Long.jpg) John D. Long (Hingham)
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Republican
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March 4, 1883 – March 3, 1889
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48th 49th 50th
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Elected in 1882. Re-elected in 1884. Re-elected in 1886. Retired.
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1883–1893 [data missing]
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Elijah_A._Morse.png/100px-Elijah_A._Morse.png) Elijah A. Morse (Canton)
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Republican
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March 4, 1889 – March 3, 1893
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51st 52nd
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Elected in 1888. Re-elected in 1890. Redistricted to the 12th district.
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Frederick_Gillett.jpg/100px-Frederick_Gillett.jpg) Frederick H. Gillett[15][16] (Springfield)
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Republican
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March 4, 1893 – March 3, 1925
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53rd 54th 55th 56th 57th 58th 59th 60th 61st 62nd 63rd 64th 65th 66th 67th 68th
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Elected in 1892. Re-elected in 1894. Re-elected in 1896. Re-elected in 1898. Re-elected in 1900. Re-elected in 1902. Re-elected in 1904. Re-elected in 1906. Re-elected in 1908. Re-elected in 1910. Re-elected in 1912. Re-elected in 1914. Re-elected in 1916. Re-elected in 1918. Re-elected in 1920. Re-elected in 1922. Retired to run for U.S. senator.
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1893–1903 [data missing]
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1903–1913 [data missing]
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1913–1933 [data missing]
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/GeorgeBChurchill.jpg/100px-GeorgeBChurchill.jpg) George B. Churchill (Amherst)
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Republican
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March 4, 1925 – July 1, 1925
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69th
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Elected in 1924. Died.
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Vacant
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July 1, 1925 – September 29, 1925
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/HenryLBowles.jpg/100px-HenryLBowles.jpg) Henry L. Bowles (Springfield)
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Republican
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September 29, 1925 – March 3, 1929
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69th 70th
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Elected to finish Churchill's term. Re-elected in 1926. Retired.
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/William_K._Kaynor_%28Massachusetts_Congressman%29.jpg/100px-William_K._Kaynor_%28Massachusetts_Congressman%29.jpg) Will Kirk Kaynor (Springfield)
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Republican
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March 4, 1929 – December 20, 1929
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71st
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Elected in 1928. Died.
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Vacant
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December 20, 1929 – February 11, 1930
|
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/William_J._Granfield_%28Massachusetts_Congressman%29.jpg/100px-William_J._Granfield_%28Massachusetts_Congressman%29.jpg) William J. Granfield (Springfield)
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|
Democratic
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February 11, 1930 – January 3, 1937
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71st 72nd 73rd 74th
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Elected to finish Kaynor's term. Also elected to full term in 1930. Re-elected in 1932. Re-elected in 1932. Re-elected in 1934. Retired.
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1933–1943 [data missing]
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/CharlesClason.jpg/100px-CharlesClason.jpg) Charles R. Clason[17] (Springfield)
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Republican
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January 3, 1937 – January 3, 1949
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75th 76th 77th 78th 79th 80th
|
Elected in 1936. Re-elected in 1938. Re-elected in 1940. Re-elected in 1942. Re-elected in 1944. Re-elected in 1946. Lost re-election.
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1943–1953 [data missing]
|
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Foster_Furcolo.jpg/100px-Foster_Furcolo.jpg) Foster Furcolo (Longmeadow)
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|
Democratic
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January 3, 1949 – September 30, 1952
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81st 82nd
|
Elected in 1948. Re-elected in 1950. Retired and then resigned early when appointed State Treasurer.
|
Vacant
|
September 30, 1952 – January 3, 1953
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82nd
|
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Edward_Boland_%281961%29.jpg/100px-Edward_Boland_%281961%29.jpg) Edward Boland[18] (Springfield)
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|
Democratic
|
January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1989
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83rd 84th 85th 86th 87th 88th 89th 90th 91st 92nd 93rd 94th 95th 96th 97th 98th 99th 100th
|
Elected in 1952. Re-elected in 1954. Re-elected in 1956. Re-elected in 1958. Re-elected in 1960. Re-elected in 1962. Re-elected in 1964. Re-elected in 1966. Re-elected in 1968. Re-elected in 1970. Re-elected in 1972. Re-elected in 1974. Re-elected in 1976. Re-elected in 1978. Re-elected in 1980. Re-elected in 1982. Re-elected in 1984. Re-elected in 1986. Retired.
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1953–1963 [data missing]
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1963–1973 [data missing]
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1973–1983 [data missing]
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1983–1993 [data missing]
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Richardneal.jpg/100px-Richardneal.jpg) Richard Neal[19] (Springfield)
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|
Democratic
|
January 3, 1989 – January 3, 2013
|
101st 102nd 103rd 104th 105th 106th 107th 108th 109th 110th 111th 112th
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Elected in 1988. Re-elected in 1990. Re-elected in 1992. Re-elected in 1994. Re-elected in 1996. Re-elected in 1998. Re-elected in 2000. Re-elected in 2002. Re-elected in 2004. Re-elected in 2006. Re-elected in 2008. Re-elected in 2010. Redistricted to the 1st district.
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1993–2003 [data missing]
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2003–2013
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![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Jim_McGovern%2C_official_111th_Congress_photo.jpg/100px-Jim_McGovern%2C_official_111th_Congress_photo.jpg) Jim McGovern (Worcester)
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|
Democratic
|
January 3, 2013 – present
|
113th 114th 115th 116th 117th 118th
|
Redistricted from the 3rd district and re-elected in 2012. Re-elected in 2014. Re-elected in 2016. Re-elected in 2018. Re-elected in 2020. Re-elected in 2022.
|
2013–2023
|
2023–present
|
Well, that’s interesting to know that Psilotum nudum are known as whisk ferns. Psilotum nudum is the commoner species of the two. While the P. flaccidum is a rare species and is found in the tropical islands. Both the species are usually epiphytic in habit and grow upon tree ferns. These species may also be terrestrial and grow in humus or in the crevices of the rocks.
View the detailed Guide of Psilotum nudum: Detailed Study Of Psilotum Nudum (Whisk Fern), Classification, Anatomy, Reproduction