Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 (MAP kinase 12), also known as extracellular signal-regulated kinase 6 (ERK6) or stress-activated protein kinase 3 (SAPK3), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAPK12 gene .[5]
Function [ edit ] Activation of members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family is a major mechanism for transduction of extracellular signals. Stress-activated protein kinases are one subclass of MAP kinases. The protein encoded by this gene functions as a signal transducer during differentiation of myoblasts to myotubes .[5]
References [ edit ] Further reading [ edit ]
Stiffler MA, Grantcharova VP, Sevecka M, MacBeath G (2006). "Uncovering quantitative protein interaction networks for mouse PDZ domains using protein microarrays" . J. Am. Chem. Soc . 128 (17): 5913–22. doi :10.1021/ja060943h . PMC 2533859 PMID 16637659 . Joneson T, Bar-Sagi D (1997). "Ras effectors and their role in mitogenesis and oncogenesis". J. Mol. Med . 75 (8): 587–93. doi :10.1007/s001090050143 . PMID 9297626 . S2CID 23541383 . Hou SW, Zhi HY, Pohl N, et al. (2010). "PTPH1 dephosphorylates and cooperates with p38gamma MAPK to increase ras oncogenesis through PDZ-mediated interaction" . Cancer Res . 70 (7): 2901–10. doi :10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-3229 . PMC 2848905 PMID 20332238 . Gutierrez-Sanmartin D, Varela-Ledo E, Aguilera A, et al. (2008). "Implication of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase isoforms (alpha, beta, gamma and delta) in CD4+ T-cell infection with human immunodeficiency virus type I." J. Gen. Virol . 89 (Pt 7): 1661–71. doi :10.1099/vir.0.82971-0 PMID 18559936 . Sabio G, Cerezo-Guisado MI, Del Reino P, et al. (2010). "p38gamma regulates interaction of nuclear PSF and RNA with the tumour-suppressor hDlg in response to osmotic shock" . J. Cell Sci . 123 (Pt 15): 2596–604. doi :10.1242/jcs.066514 . PMC 2908048 PMID 20605917 . Zhang J, Harrison JS, Studzinski GP (2011). "Isoforms of p38MAPK gamma and delta contribute to differentiation of human AML cells induced by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃" . Exp. Cell Res . 317 (1): 117–30. doi :10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.08.010 . PMC 2998239 PMID 20804750 . Kwong J, Hong L, Liao R, et al. (2009). "p38alpha and p38gamma mediate oncogenic ras-induced senescence through differential mechanisms" . J. Biol. Chem . 284 (17): 11237–46. doi :10.1074/jbc.M808327200 PMC 2670128 PMID 19251701 . Morishima-Kawashima M, Hasegawa M, Takio K, et al. (1995). "Hyperphosphorylation of tau in PHF". Neurobiol. Aging . 16 (3): 365–71, discussion 371–80. doi :10.1016/0197-4580(95)00027-C . PMID 7566346 . S2CID 22471158 . Diskin R, Askari N, Capone R, et al. (2004). "Active mutants of the human p38alpha mitogen-activated protein kinase" . J. Biol. Chem . 279 (45): 47040–9. doi :10.1074/jbc.M404595200 PMID 15284239 . Askari N, Diskin R, Avitzour M, et al. (2007). "Hyperactive variants of p38alpha induce, whereas hyperactive variants of p38gamma suppress, activating protein 1-mediated transcription" . J. Biol. Chem . 282 (1): 91–9. doi :10.1074/jbc.M608012200 PMID 17088247 . Krauss RS, Cole F, Gaio U, et al. (2005). "Close encounters: regulation of vertebrate skeletal myogenesis by cell-cell contact" . J. Cell Sci . 118 (Pt 11): 2355–62. doi :10.1242/jcs.02397 PMID 15923648 . Talmud PJ, Drenos F, Shah S, et al. (2009). "Gene-centric association signals for lipids and apolipoproteins identified via the HumanCVD BeadChip" . Am. J. Hum. Genet . 85 (5): 628–42. doi :10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.10.014 . PMC 2775832 PMID 19913121 . Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, et al. (2006). "Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks" . Cell . 127 (3): 635–48. doi :10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026 PMID 17081983 . Tosti E, Waldbaum L, Warshaw G, et al. (2004). "The stress kinase MRK contributes to regulation of DNA damage checkpoints through a p38gamma-independent pathway" . J. Biol. Chem . 279 (46): 47652–60. doi :10.1074/jbc.M409961200 PMID 15342622 . Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)" . Genome Res . 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi :10.1101/gr.2596504 . PMC 528928 PMID 15489334 . Qi X, Pohl NM, Loesch M, et al. (2007). "p38alpha antagonizes p38gamma activity through c-Jun-dependent ubiquitin-proteasome pathways in regulating Ras transformation and stress response" . J. Biol. Chem . 282 (43): 31398–408. doi :10.1074/jbc.M703857200 PMID 17724032 . Collins JE, Wright CL, Edwards CA, et al. (2004). "A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome" . Genome Biol . 5 (10): R84. doi :10.1186/gb-2004-5-10-r84 PMC 545604 PMID 15461802 . Kukkonen-Macchi A, Sicora O, Kaczynska K, et al. (2011). "Loss of p38gamma MAPK induces pleiotropic mitotic defects and massive cell death". J. Cell Sci . 124 (Pt 2): 216–27. doi :10.1242/jcs.068254 . PMID 21172807 . S2CID 4909652 . Sofroniew MV, Howe CL, Mobley WC (2001). "Nerve growth factor signaling, neuroprotection, and neural repair". Annu. Rev. Neurosci . 24 : 1217–81. doi :10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.1217 . PMID 11520933 . Bailey SD, Xie C, Do R, et al. (2010). "Variation at the NFATC2 locus increases the risk of thiazolidinedione-induced edema in the Diabetes REduction Assessment with ramipril and rosiglitazone Medication (DREAM) study" . Diabetes Care . 33 (10): 2250–3. doi :10.2337/dc10-0452 . PMC 2945168 PMID 20628086 .
Activity Regulation Classification Kinetics Types
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine , which is in the public domain .
Well, that’s interesting to know that Psilotum nudum are known as whisk ferns. Psilotum nudum is the commoner species of the two. While the P. flaccidum is a rare species and is found in the tropical islands. Both the species are usually epiphytic in habit and grow upon tree ferns. These species may also be terrestrial and grow in humus or in the crevices of the rocks.
View the detailed Guide of Psilotum nudum: Detailed Study Of Psilotum Nudum (Whisk Fern), Classification, Anatomy, Reproduction