Location | London United Kingdom |
---|---|
Venue | AELTC |
Governing body | AELTC / LTA |
Created | 1884 |
Editions | 130 events (2024) 56 events (Open Era) |
Surface | Grass (1884–Present) |
Prize money | £ 2,350,000 (2023) |
Trophy | Venus Rosewater Dish |
Website | wimbledon.com |
Most titles | |
Amateur era | 7: Dorothea Lambert Chambers (challenge round) 8: Helen Wills Moody (regular) |
Open era | 9: Martina Navratilova |
Most consecutive titles | |
Amateur era | 3: Lottie Dod Suzanne Lenglen (challenge round) 4: Helen Wills Moody (regular) |
Open era | 6: Martina Navratilova |
Current champion | |
Barbora Krejčíková (First title) |
Wimbledon Championships, is an annual tennis tournament first contested in 1877 and played on outdoor grass courts[a][b][3] at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club (AELTC) in the Wimbledon suburb of London, United Kingdom.[4] The ladies' singles was started in 1884.[2]
History[edit]
Wimbledon has historically been played in the last week of June and the first week of July (though changed to the first two weeks of July in 2017), and has been chronologically the third of the four Grand Slam tournaments of the tennis season since 1987.[4] The event was not held from 1915 to 1918 because of World War I and again from 1940 to 1945 because of World War II.[5] The tournament was also not contested in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[6]
The ladies' singles' rules have undergone several changes since the first edition. From 1886 until 1921, the event started with a knockout phase, the all comers' singles, whose winner then faced the defending champion in a challenge round. The all comers' winner was automatically awarded the title eleven times (1889, 1890, 1891, 1894, 1895, 1898, 1903, 1908, 1909, 1912, 1913) in the absence of the previous year's champion. The challenge round system was abolished with the 1922 edition.[7] Since the first championships, all matches have been played at the best-of-three sets. Between 1877 and 1883, the winner of the next game at five games-all took the set in every match except the all comers' final, and the challenge round, which were won with six games and a two games advantage. All sets were decided in two-game advantage format from 1884 to 1970.[7] The lingering death best-of-12 points tie-break was introduced in 1971 for the first two sets, played at eight games-all until 1978 and at six games-all since 1979.[7][8][9]
The ladies' singles champion receives a sterling silver salver commonly known as the "Venus Rosewater Dish", or simply the "Rosewater Dish". The salver, which is 18.75 inches (about 48 cm) in diameter, is decorated with figures from mythology.[10] New singles champions are traditionally elected honorary members of the AELTC by the club's committee.[c][13] In 2012, the ladies' singles winner received prize money of £1,150,000.[14]
In the Amateur–challenge round era, Dorothea Lambert Chambers (1903–1904, 1906, 1910–1911, 1913–1914) holds the record for most titles, with seven. However, it's noteworthy that three of Chambers' titles were won in the challenge round. Lottie Dod (1891–1893) and Suzanne Lenglen (1919–1921) hold the record for most consecutive wins in the ladies' singles with three victories each. The record for most wins and most consecutive wins post-challenge round in the Amateur Era, belongs to Helen Wills Moody (1927–1930, 1932–1933, 1935, 1938) with eight, including four straight victories (1927–1930).[5]
In the Open Era, since the inclusion of the professional tennis players, Martina Navratilova (1978–1979, 1982–1987, 1990) holds the record for most victories with nine. Navratilova holds the record for most consecutive victories with six (1982–1987).[5]
This event has been won without the loss of a set during the Open Era, by the following players: Billie Jean King in 1968, 1972, 1973 and 1975, Margaret Court in 1970, Evonne Goolagong Cawley in 1971 and 1980, Chris Evert in 1974 and 1981, Martina Navratilova in 1979, 1983, 1984, 1986, 1987, and 1990, Steffi Graf in 1992 and 1996, Jana Novotná in 1998, Lindsay Davenport in 1999, Venus Williams in 2000, 2007 and 2008, Serena Williams in 2002, 2009, 2010, 2015 and 2016, Petra Kvitová in 2011 and 2014 and Marion Bartoli in 2013.
Champions[edit]
Regular competition |
All comers' winner, challenge round winner ‡ |
Defending champion, challenge round winner † |
All comers' winner, no challenge round ◊ |
Amateur Era[edit]
![A black and white picture, a woman is in all-white attire with a hat on, and is looking sideways to the camera](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Lottie_Dod_age20.jpg/150px-Lottie_Dod_age20.jpg)
![A black and white picture, a woman is in all-white attire with a tie on, and is looking right at the camera in the photograph with a racket in her right hand](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Charlotte_Cooper.jpg/150px-Charlotte_Cooper.jpg)
![A black and white picture, a woman is in all-white attire hitting a right-handed one handed backhand with a racket in her right hand](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Dorothea_Douglass.jpg/150px-Dorothea_Douglass.jpg)
![A woman looking at the camera with a coloured bandanna on and a white shirt, which this picture is black and white](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Suzanne_Lenglen_02.jpg/150px-Suzanne_Lenglen_02.jpg)
![A woman looking away from the camera with a tennis racket in her right hand and a colored sweater on and all white clothing, which this picture is a black and white](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-07878%2C_Helen_Wills_Moody.jpg/150px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-07878%2C_Helen_Wills_Moody.jpg)
![A woman looking and smiling toward the camera](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Maureen_Connolly_1953.jpg/150px-Maureen_Connolly_1953.jpg)
![A woman looking toward the camera with a tennis racket held diagonally in front of her.](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Althea_Gibson_in_1956_by_Fred_Palumbo_%28NYWTS%29.jpg/150px-Althea_Gibson_in_1956_by_Fred_Palumbo_%28NYWTS%29.jpg)
Open Era[edit]
![A brown haired women in a black jacket and white shirt](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Billie_Jean_King_by_David_Shankbone.jpg/150px-Billie_Jean_King_by_David_Shankbone.jpg)
![A blond-haired women with a white shirt, black shorts, and white tennis shoes on about ready to serve the tennis ball in hand](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Martina_Navratilova_trim.jpg/150px-Martina_Navratilova_trim.jpg)
![A blond-haired women wearing a white shirt](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Steffi_Graf_08.jpg/150px-Steffi_Graf_08.jpg)
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Serena_Williams_won_her_6th_Wimbledon_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Serena_Williams_won_her_6th_Wimbledon_%28cropped%29.jpg)
![A black woman is serving the ball, and is wearing a white sleeveless top and blue skirt](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Venus_Williams_2.jpg/150px-Venus_Williams_2.jpg)
![A blond-haired woman wearing a white attire, celebrating after winning a point](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Petra_Kvitova_Final_Wimbledon_2011.jpg/150px-Petra_Kvitova_Final_Wimbledon_2011.jpg)
Statistics[edit]
Multiple champions[edit]
Title defended in the challenge round |
Championships by country[edit]
![A golden trophy, in the shape of a loving-cup, next to a silver plate](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Wimbledon_trophies.jpg/150px-Wimbledon_trophies.jpg)
Country | Amateur Era | Open Era | All-time | First title | Last title |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() |
28 | 29 | 57 | 1905 | 2016 |
![]() |
34 | 2 | 36 | 1884 | 1977 |
![]() |
1 | 8 | 9 | 1931 | 2018 |
![]() |
6 | 2 | 8 | 1919 | 2013 |
![]() |
2 | 4 | 6 | 1963 | 2021 |
![]() |
0 | 5 | 5 | 1998 | 2024 |
![]() |
3 | 0 | 3 | 1959 | 1964 |
![]() |
0 | 2 | 2 | 1994 | 2017 |
![]() |
0 | 1 | 1 | 1997 | 1997 |
![]() |
0 | 1 | 1 | 2004 | 2004 |
![]() |
0 | 1 | 1 | 2019 | 2019 |
![]() |
0 | 1 | 1 | 2022 | 2022 |
See also[edit]
Wimbledon Open other competitions
- List of Wimbledon gentlemen's singles champions
- List of Wimbledon gentlemen's doubles champions
- List of Wimbledon ladies' doubles champions
- List of Wimbledon mixed doubles champions
Grand Slam women's singles
- List of Australian Open women's singles champions
- List of French Open women's singles champions
- List of US Open women's singles champions
- List of Grand Slam women's singles champions
Notes[edit]
- ^ Since 2009, Centre Court features a retractable roof, allowing indoor and night-time play.[1]
- ^ Wimbledon entered the Open Era with the 1968 edition, allowing professional players to compete alongside amateurs.[2]
- ^ John McEnroe is the only player to have been denied membership in 1981, because of his on-court behaviour during the championships.[11][12]
- ^ a b Each year is linked to an article about that particular year's draws, but pre-1922 they did not have draws due to the challenge round system. In 1922 till the present they do have draws, but the years of 1925–1939 do not have draw pages with links, so it is linked to the year's articles instead.
- ^ "British Isles" (BRI) is used for players from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801–1922), distinct from "Great Britain" (GBR) used for players from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1922–present).[5][16]
- ^ The tournament was not held from 1915 to 1918 because of World War I.[5]
- ^ The tournament was not held from 1940 to 1945 because of World War II.[5]
- ^ a b Martina Navratilova was born in Czechoslovakia, but competed as an American after the US Open in 1975, having sought asylum in the United States, which made her relinquish her Czechoslovakian citizenship.[17][18]
- ^ Czechoslovakia (TCH, 1918–1992) split into the Czech Republic (CZE, 1993–present) and Slovakia (SVK, 1993–present).
- ^ a b c Steffi Graf played initially for West Germany (FRG), and after unification in 1990 for Germany (GER).
References[edit]
- General
- "Ladies' Singles". wimbledon.org. All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
- "Grand Slam Tournaments - Wimbledon" (PDF). usta.com. United States Tennis Association. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-05-20. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
- Specific
- ^ Harman, Neil (2009-04-22). "No more soaked strawberries - Centre Court, Wimbledon, gets a roof". The Times. Times Newspapers Ltd. Retrieved 2009-07-19.
- ^ a b "About Wimbledon – History: History". wimbledon.org. IBM, All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club. Archived from the original on 2011-08-08. Retrieved 2009-06-24.
- ^ "FAQ - Grass Courts" (PDF). wimbledon.org. IBM, All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-02-24. Retrieved 2009-06-24.
- ^ a b "Tournament profile – Wimbledon". atpworldtour.com. ATP Tour, Inc. Retrieved 2009-07-05.
- ^ a b c d e f "Ladies' Singles". wimbledon.org. All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
- ^ a b Fuller, Russell (1 April 2020). "Wimbledon cancelled due to coronavirus – where does that leave tennis in 2020?". BBC Sport. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
- ^ a b c Barrett, John (1986). 100 Wimbledon Championships: A Celebration. Collins Willow. ISBN 978-0-00-218220-1.
- ^ Roberts, John (1998-08-05). "Tennis: Fast, fan friendly - but full of faults". The Independent. Retrieved 2009-06-24.
- ^ "Breaking with tradition". The Age. The Age Company Ltd. 2004-01-25. Retrieved 2009-07-27.
- ^ "About Wimbledon - History: The trophies". wimbledon.org. IBM, All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club. Archived from the original on 2012-02-24. Retrieved 2009-06-24.
- ^ "Jolly snub for McEnroe; he's refused All-England". St. Petersburg Times. United Press International. 1981-07-10. Retrieved 2009-07-27.
- ^ Zenilman, Avi (2009-06-24). "Back Issues: McEnroe vs. Thatcher". The New Yorker. Condé Nast Publications. Retrieved 2009-07-27.
- ^ "About Wimbledon - Behind the scenes: The All England Lawn Tennis Club". wimbledon.org. IBM, All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club. Archived from the original on 2010-12-25. Retrieved 2010-11-12.
- ^ "2011 Prize Money" (PDF). wimbledon.org. All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-06-26. Retrieved 2011-07-03.
- ^ a b "Draws Archive, Ladies' Singles - The Championships, Wimbledon - Official Site by IBM". www.wimbledon.com. Archived from the original on 14 September 2022.
- ^ "History - Rolls of Honour: Country abbreviations". wimbledon.org. IBM, All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club. Archived from the original on 2012-02-24. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
- ^ McCurry, Justin (11 March 2008). "'Ashamed' Navratilove regains Czech nationality". The Guardian. Retrieved 9 July 2016.
- ^ "Ladies' Singles Finals 1884-2017". wimbledon.com. Wimbledon Championships. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
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