Cannabaceae

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Malayalam pronunciations. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

Consonants
IPA Malayalam ISO 15919 English approximation
k k sky
kh key
ɡ g ago
ɡʱ gh loghouse
ŋ sink
t͡ʃ c church
t͡ʃʰ ch church
d͡ʒ j object
d͡ʒʱ jh hedgehog
ɲ ñ canyon
ʈ stalk but retroflex
ʈʰ ṭh talk but retroflex
ɖ idea but retroflex
ɖʱ ḍh redhead but retroflex
ɳ spin but retroflex
t stalk but dentalized
t̪ʰ th talk but dentalized
d idea but dentalized
d̪ʱ dh redhead but dentalized
n spin but dentalized
n ഩ/ന[a] spin
p p spin
[b] ph pin
f[b] f fin
b b about
bh clubhouse
m m mall
j y yes
ɾ r American English atom
l l list
ʋ v curve
ʃ ś shoe
ʂ shoe but retroflex
s s so
h h head
ɭ list but retroflex
ɻ ɻ run
r Scottish English run
t റ്റ stalk
d[c] *ന്റ idea
Vowels
IPA Malayalam ISO 15919 English approximation
a a cut
ə[d] a about
ാ, ആ ā father
i ി, ഇ i sit
ീ, ഈ ī seat
u ു, ഉ u full
ൂ, ഊ ū fool
ൃ, ഋ better
e െ, എ e eight
േ, ഏ ē eight but longer
o ൊ, ഒ o own
ോ, ഓ ō own but longer
ai ൈ, ഐ ai mile
au ൗ, ൌ[e], ഔ au foul
Suprasegmentals
IPA
ˈ stress
(placed before stressed syllable)

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ modern orthography uses ന for both /n̪/ and /n/, and ഩ is no longer used.
  2. ^ a b ഫ is used to represent both /f/ and /pʰ/.
  3. ^ only occurs after /n/
  4. ^ [ə] may occur as an allophone of /a/ in some word-medial and final positions.
  5. ^ archaic, modern orthography uses ൗ instead

See also[edit]

One thought on “Cannabaceae

  1. Well, that’s interesting to know that Psilotum nudum are known as whisk ferns. Psilotum nudum is the commoner species of the two. While the P. flaccidum is a rare species and is found in the tropical islands. Both the species are usually epiphytic in habit and grow upon tree ferns. These species may also be terrestrial and grow in humus or in the crevices of the rocks.
    View the detailed Guide of Psilotum nudum: Detailed Study Of Psilotum Nudum (Whisk Fern), Classification, Anatomy, Reproduction

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