Ginza (銀座) was the Tokugawa shogunate's officially sanctioned silver monopoly or silver guild (za)[1] which was created in 1598.[2]
Initially, the Tokugawa shogunate was interested in assuring a consistent value in minted silver coins; and this led to the perceived need for attending to the supply of silver.
This bakufu title identifies a regulatory agency with responsibility for supervising the minting of silver coins and for superintending all silver mines, silver mining and silver-extraction activities in Japan.[3]
See also[edit]
- Bugyō
- Kinzan-bugyō
- Kinza – Gold za (monopoly office or guild).
- Dōza – Copper za (monopoly office or guild).
- Shuza – Cinnabar za (monopoly office or guild)
Notes[edit]
- ^ Jansen, Marius. (1995). Warrior Rule in Japan, p. 186, p. 186, at Google Books, citing John Whitney Hall. (1955). Tanuma Okitsugu: Forerunner of Modern Japan.
- ^ Schaede, Ulrike. (2000). Cooperative Capitalism: Self-Regulation, Trade Associations, and the Antimonopoly Law in Japan, p. 223.
- ^ Hall, John Wesley. (1955) Tanuma Okitsugu: Forerunner of Modern Japan, p. 201.
References[edit]
- Hall, John W. (1955). Tanuma Okitsugu, 1719–1788: Forerunner of Modern Japan. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. OCLC 445621
- Jansen, Marius B. (1995). Warrior Rule in Japan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521482394; OCLC 422791897
- Schaede, Ulrike. (2000). Cooperative Capitalism: Self-Regulation, Trade Associations, and the Antimonopoly Law in Japan. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198297185; OCLC 505758165
Well, that’s interesting to know that Psilotum nudum are known as whisk ferns. Psilotum nudum is the commoner species of the two. While the P. flaccidum is a rare species and is found in the tropical islands. Both the species are usually epiphytic in habit and grow upon tree ferns. These species may also be terrestrial and grow in humus or in the crevices of the rocks.
View the detailed Guide of Psilotum nudum: Detailed Study Of Psilotum Nudum (Whisk Fern), Classification, Anatomy, Reproduction