| Licensing of patents |
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| Overviews |
| Types |
| Strategies |
| Clauses in patent licenses |
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Higher category: Patents, Patent law |
An essential patent or standard-essential patent (SEP) is a patent that claims an invention that must be used to comply with a technical standard.[1] Standard-setting organizations (SSOs) normally require their members to agree to license their essential patents on fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory terms.[2] Determining which patents are essential to a particular standard can be complex.[3]
See also
[edit]- Patent ambush, a situation in which patents are withheld during development of a proposed standard
- Patent infringement, the commission of a prohibited act with respect to a patented invention
- Patent thicket, a negatively connotated term for an overlapping set of patent rights
- Orange-Book-Standard, a German decision on the interaction between patent law and technical standards
- Standardization, the process of creating technical standards
References
[edit]- ^ Shapiro, Carl (January 2000). "Navigating the Patent Thicket: Cross Licenses, Patent Pools, and Standard Setting". Innovation Policy and the Economy. 1: 119–150. doi:10.1086/ipe.1.25056143. ISSN 1531-3468. S2CID 17290328.
- ^ Sidak, J. G. (1 December 2013). "The Meaning of FRAND, Part I: Royalties". Journal of Competition Law and Economics. 9 (4): 931–1055. doi:10.1093/joclec/nht040.
- ^ Elizabeth Woyke (2011-09-21). "Identifying The Tech Leaders In LTE Wireless Patents". Forbes. Retrieved March 10, 2012.
Further reading and viewing
[edit]- "Potential Antitrust Liability Based on a Patent Owner's Manipulation of Industry Standard Setting", Proceedings of ABA Antitrust Section Spring Meeting (2003) by Janice M. Mueller.
- "Patent Misuse Through the Capture of Industry Standards", 17 Berkeley Tech. L.J. 623 (2002) by Janice M. Mueller.
- Mossoff, Adam; Contreras, Jorge; Kulbaski, James J. (November 30, 2012). Standards-Essential Patents: Where Do IP Protections End and Antitrust Concerns Begin? (video). Washington Legal Foundation. Archived from the original (ASX) on March 3, 2016. Retrieved December 17, 2012.
- Vidal, Kathi (10 April 2022). "Standard essential patent policy and practices: We want to hear from you!". www.uspto.gov. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
Well, that’s interesting to know that Psilotum nudum are known as whisk ferns. Psilotum nudum is the commoner species of the two. While the P. flaccidum is a rare species and is found in the tropical islands. Both the species are usually epiphytic in habit and grow upon tree ferns. These species may also be terrestrial and grow in humus or in the crevices of the rocks.
View the detailed Guide of Psilotum nudum: Detailed Study Of Psilotum Nudum (Whisk Fern), Classification, Anatomy, Reproduction