| Chrysophyllum | |
|---|---|
| |
| Chrysophyllum oliviforme | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Ericales |
| Family: | Sapotaceae |
| Subfamily: | Chrysophylloideae |
| Genus: | Chrysophyllum L. (1753)[1] |
| Synonyms[1] | |
| |
Chrysophyllum is a group of trees in the Sapotaceae described as a genus by Linnaeus in 1753.[2][3]
The genus is native to the tropical Americas, from Mexico to northern Argentina, including the Caribbean.[1] One species, C. oliviforme, extends north to southern Florida.[4][1]
Description[edit]
Chrysophyllum members are usually tropical trees, often growing rapidly to 10–20 m or more in height. The leaves are oval, 3–15 cm long, green above, densely golden pubescent below, from which the genus is named.[5] The flowers are small (3–8 mm), purplish white and have a sweet fragrant smell; they are clustered several together, and are hermaphroditic (self fertile). The fruit is edible; round, usually purple skinned (sometimes greenish-white), often green around the calyx, with a star pattern in the pulp; the flattened seeds are light brown and hard. The fruit skin is chewy like gum, and contrary to some reports, is edible. [citation needed][6][7]
Species[edit]
Currently accepted species include:[1]
- Chrysophyllum acreanum - Brazil (Acre, Amazonas)
- Chrysophyllum albipilum - Peru (San Martín)
- Chrysophyllum amazonicum - Amazon Basin
- Chrysophyllum arenarium - E Brazil
- Chrysophyllum argenteum - West Indies, Central America, N South America
- Chrysophyllum aulacocarpum - Miranda
- Chrysophyllum bicolor - Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands
- Chrysophyllum bombycinum - Loreto, Amazonas
- Chrysophyllum brenesii - Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama
- Chrysophyllum cainito - Belize, Jamaica, Cayman Is
- Chrysophyllum colombianum - Central America, NW South America
- Chrysophyllum contumacense - Peru
- Chrysophyllum cuneifolium - N South America
- Chrysophyllum durifructum - Amazonas
- Chrysophyllum euryphyllum - Colombia
- Chrysophyllum eximium - Suriname, N. Brazil
- Chrysophyllum flexuosum - Brazil
- Chrysophyllum gonocarpum - Brazil, Bolivia, Uruguay, Paraguay, N Argentina
- Chrysophyllum hirsutum - Panama, Costa Rica
- Chrysophyllum imperiale - E Brazil
- Chrysophyllum inornatum - S Brazil
- Chrysophyllum januariense - Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro
- Chrysophyllum lanatum - Colombia
- Chrysophyllum lancisepalum R.Lima – Brazil (Bahia, Espírito Santo)
- Chrysophyllum lucentifolium - Panama, Costa Rica, South America
- Chrysophyllum manabiense - Ecuador
- Chrysophyllum manaosense - N South America
- Chrysophyllum marginatum - South America
- Chrysophyllum mexicanum - Mexico, Central America
- Chrysophyllum moralesiananum Aguilar, D.Santam. & J.M.Chaves – Costa Rica
- Chrysophyllum oliviforme L. - Florida, West Indies
- Chrysophyllum ovale - Peru, Bolivia, Acre
- Chrysophyllum paranaense - São Paulo, Paraná
- Chrysophyllum parvulum - Colombia, Venezuela
- Chrysophyllum pauciflorum - Puerto Rico to Virgin Islands
- Chrysophyllum pomiferum - tropical South America
- Chrysophyllum prieurii - Panama, tropical South America
- Chrysophyllum pubipetalum Sossai & Alves-Araújo – Brazil (Espirito Santo)
- Chrysophyllum reitzianum – Santa Catarina
- Chrysophyllum revolutum - Peru
- Chrysophyllum rufum - E Brazil
- Chrysophyllum sanguinolentum - tropical South America
- Chrysophyllum scalare - Peru, Venezuela
- Chrysophyllum sierpense Aguilar, D.Santam. & J.M.Chaves – Costa Rica
- Chrysophyllum sparsiflorum - Venezuela, Guyana, Brazil, Bolivia
- Chrysophyllum splendens - E Brazil
- Chrysophyllum striatum - Panama
- Chrysophyllum subspinosum - Bahia
- Chrysophyllum superbum - Amazonas
- Chrysophyllum ucuquirana-branca - S Venezuela, N Brazil
- Chrysophyllum venezuelanense - tropical South America, Central America, Mexico
- Chrysophyllum viride - Brazil
- Chrysophyllum wilsonii - Amazonas
- Formerly included[1]
- Donella ambrensis Aubrév. (as C. ambrense (Aubrév.) G.E.Schatz & L.Gaut.)
- Donella analalavensis Aubrév. (as C. analalavense (Aubrév.) G.E.Schatz & L.Gaut.)
- Donella bangweolensis (R.E.Fr. & Pellegr.) Mackinder (as C. bangweolense R.E.Fr. & Pellegr.)
- Donella capuronii (G.E.Schatz & L.Gaut.) Mackinder & L.Gaut. (as C. capuronii G.E.Schatz & L.Gaut.)
- Donella delphinensis Aubrév. (as C. delphinense (Aubrév.) G.E.Schatz & L.Gaut.)
- Donella fenerivensis Aubrév. (as C. fenerivense (Aubrév.) G.E.Schatz & L.Gaut.)
- Donella guereliana (Aubrév.) Mackinder (as C guerelianum (Aubrév.) G.E.Schatz & L.Gaut.)
- Donella masoalensis Aubrév. (as C. masoalense (Aubrév.) G.E.Schatz & L.Gaut.)
- Donella perrieri Lecomte (as C. perrieri (Lecomte) G.E.Schatz & L.Gaut.)
- Donella pruniformis (Engl.) Pierre ex Engl. (as C. pruniforme Engl.)
- Donella viridifolia (J.M.Wood & Franks) Aubrév. & Pellegr. (as C. viridifolium J.M.Wood & Franks)
- Donella ubangiensis (De Wild.) Aubrév. (as C. ubangiense (De Wild.) Govaerts)
- Englerophytum longepedicellatum (De Wild.) L.Gaut. (as C. longifolium De Wild.)
- Englerophytum magalismontanum (Sond.) T.D.Penn. (as C. magalismontanum Sond.)
- Englerophytum oblanceolatum (S.Moore) T.D.Penn. (as C. tessmannii Engl. & K.Krause)
- Gambeya africana - (A.DC.) Pierre (as C. africanum A.DC.)
- Gambeya albida (G.Don) Aubrév. & Pellegr. (as C. albidum G.Don)
- Gambeya azaguieana (J.Miège) Aubrév. & Pellegr. (as C. azaguieanum J.Miège)
- Gambeya beguei (Aubrév. & Pellegr.) Aubrév. & Pellegr. (as C. beguei (Aubrév. & Pellegr.) Aubrév. & Pellegr.)
- Gambeya boiviniana Pierre (as C. boivinianum (Pierre) Baehni)
- Gambeya boukokoensis Aubrév. & Pellegr. (as C. boukokoense (Aubrév. & Pellegr.) L.Gaut.)
- Gambeya gigantea (A.Chev.) Aubrév. & Pellegr. (as C. giganteum A.Chev.)
- Gambeya gorungosana (Engl.) Liben (as C. gorungosanum Engl.)
- Gambeya lacourtiana (De Wild.) Aubrév. & Pellegr. (as C. lacourtianum De Wild.)
- Gambeya lungi (De Wild.) Aubrév. & Pellegr. (as C. lungi De Wild.)
- Gambeya muerensis (Engl.) Liben (as C. muerense Engl.)
- Gambeya taiensis (Aubrév. & Pellegr.) Aubrév. & Pellegr. (as C. taiense Aubrév. & Pellegr.)
- Jacquinia arborea Vahl (as C. barbasco Loefl.)
- Micropholis rugosa (Sw.) Pierre (as C. rugosum Sw.)
- Palaquium philippense (Perr.) C.B.Rob. (as C. philippense Perr.)
- Pouteria alnifolia (Baker) Roberty (as C. alnifolium Baker)
- Pouteria gardneri (Mart. & Miq.) Baehni (as C. gardneri Mart. & Miq.)
- Pouteria macrophylla (Lam.) Eyma (as C. macrophyllum Lam.)
- Pouteria reticulata (Engl.) Eyma (as C. reticulatum Engl.)
- Pradosia brevipes (Pierre) T.D.Penn. (as C. soboliferum Rizzini)
- Pradosia lactescens (Vell.) Radlk. (as C. burahem Riedel)
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f Chrysophyllum L. Plants of the World Online, Kew Science. Accessed 5 June 2023.
- ^ Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 1: 192 in Latin
- ^ Tropicos, Chrysophyllum L.
- ^ Chrysophyllum L. World Flora Online. Accessed 3 December 2022.
- ^ The generic name is derived from the Greek words χρυσός (chrysos), meaning "gold," and φυλλον (phyllos), meaning "leaf." See Quattrocchi, Umberto (2000). CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names. Vol. I A-C. CRC Press. p. 534. ISBN 978-0-8493-2675-2.
- ^ Flora of North America Vol. 8 Page 245 Cainito Chrysophyllum Linnaeus
- ^ Flora of China, Vol. 15 Page 208 金叶树属 jin ye shu shu Chrysophyllum Linnaeus
Well, that’s interesting to know that Psilotum nudum are known as whisk ferns. Psilotum nudum is the commoner species of the two. While the P. flaccidum is a rare species and is found in the tropical islands. Both the species are usually epiphytic in habit and grow upon tree ferns. These species may also be terrestrial and grow in humus or in the crevices of the rocks.
View the detailed Guide of Psilotum nudum: Detailed Study Of Psilotum Nudum (Whisk Fern), Classification, Anatomy, Reproduction