Alacalufan | |
---|---|
Kawesqaran | |
Ethnicity | Alacaluf people |
Geographic distribution | Chile |
Linguistic classification | One of the world's primary language families |
Subdivisions |
|
ISO 639-5 | aqa |
Glottolog | kawe1237 |
The Alacalufan languages or Kawesqaran languages are a small language family of South America. They have not been definitely linked to any other American language family.[1][2]
Languages[edit]
Early vocabularies show that Alakaluf was three languages, with an extinct Southern Alakaluf (vocabularies in Fitz-Roy 1839 and Hyades & Deniker 1891) and Central Alakaluf (vocabularies in Borgatello 1928, Marcel 1892, and Skottsberg 1913) in addition to the critically endangered northern variety, Kawésqar.[3]
Based on alleged toponymic evidence, a purported Kakauhua language has sometimes been included in the Alacalufan family.
Guaicaro may have been a dialect of Central Alakaluf or Kawesqar.
Mason (1950)[edit]
- Caucawe (Kaukahue, etc.)
- Enoo (Peshera)
- Lecheyel
- Yekinawe (Yequinahuere, etc.)
- Adwipliin
- Alikulip, Alakaluf, etc.
- Calen
- Taijatof
Chono, Caraica (Karaika), and Poya may also belong.
Vocabulary[edit]
Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items.[5]
gloss Northern Alcaluf Southern Alcaluf Kaueskar tongue lekél paileaf kalaktás hand palkár yukebe terwá water karkasa arrét chfalai moon dzyakapés yakapech kapánuk dog salki shalki kyurro fish xawoel orol keuwako canoe peler cherru kaief
References[edit]
- ^ Campbell, L. (1997). American Indian Languages: The Historical Linguistics of Native America. Oxford Studies in Anthropological Linguistics 4. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- ^ Adelaar, W. F. H., & Muysken, P. C. (2004). The Languages of the Andes. Cambridge Language Surveys. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- ^ Viegas Barros (1990, 2005), cited in Hammarström (2015) Ethnologue 16/17/18th editions: a comprehensive review: online appendices
- ^ Mason, John Alden (1950). "The languages of South America". In Steward, Julian (ed.). Handbook of South American Indians. Vol. 6. Washington, D.C., Government Printing Office: Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 143. pp. 157–317.
- ^ Loukotka, Čestmír (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.
Well, that’s interesting to know that Psilotum nudum are known as whisk ferns. Psilotum nudum is the commoner species of the two. While the P. flaccidum is a rare species and is found in the tropical islands. Both the species are usually epiphytic in habit and grow upon tree ferns. These species may also be terrestrial and grow in humus or in the crevices of the rocks.
View the detailed Guide of Psilotum nudum: Detailed Study Of Psilotum Nudum (Whisk Fern), Classification, Anatomy, Reproduction