Mississippi v. Johnson | |
---|---|
![]() | |
Argued April 12, 1867 Decided April 15, 1867 | |
Full case name | The State of Mississippi v. Andrew Johnson, President of the United States |
Citations | 71 U.S. 475 (more) |
Holding | |
In the course of his enforcement of the Reconstruction Acts, President Johnson was necessarily exercising discretion and so could not be sued. | |
Court membership | |
| |
Case opinion | |
Majority | Chase, joined by unanimous |
Mississippi v. Johnson, 71 U.S. (4 Wall.) 475 (1867), was the first suit to be brought against a President of the United States in the United States Supreme Court. The state of Mississippi attempted to sue President Andrew Johnson for enforcing the Reconstruction Acts. The court decided, based on a previous decision of Marbury v. Madison that the President has two kinds of tasks: ministerial and discretionary. Discretionary tasks are ones the president can choose to do or not to do, while ministerial tasks are ones required by his office: those whose failure to perform could leave him in violation of the Constitution. The court ruled that by enforcing Reconstruction, Johnson was acting in an "executive and political" capacity—a discretionary rather than a ministerial one—and so he could not be sued.
See also
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- Bell, Lauren Cohen (2004). "Following the Leaders or Leading the Followers? The US President's Relations with Congress". Journal of Legislative Studies. 10 (2/3): 193–205. doi:10.1080/1357233042000322300. S2CID 145085372.
- Kauper, Paul G. (1952). "The Steel Seizure Case: Congress, the President and the Supreme Court". Michigan Law Review. 51 (2). Michigan Law Review, Vol. 51, No. 2: 141–182. doi:10.2307/1285714. JSTOR 1285714.
- Kutler, Stanley I. (1968). Judicial Power and Reconstruction Politics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
External links
[edit]Works related to Mississippi v. Johnson at Wikisource
- Text of Mississippi v. Johnson, 71 U.S. (4 Wall.) 475 (1867) is available from: Findlaw Justia Library of Congress OpenJurist
Well, that’s interesting to know that Psilotum nudum are known as whisk ferns. Psilotum nudum is the commoner species of the two. While the P. flaccidum is a rare species and is found in the tropical islands. Both the species are usually epiphytic in habit and grow upon tree ferns. These species may also be terrestrial and grow in humus or in the crevices of the rocks.
View the detailed Guide of Psilotum nudum: Detailed Study Of Psilotum Nudum (Whisk Fern), Classification, Anatomy, Reproduction