Florentino is both a masculine given name and a surname. Notable people with the name include:

• Florentino Alfaro Zamora (died 1871), Costa Rican politician
• Florentino Álvarez Mesa (1846–1926), Spanish journalist, writer and politician
• Florentino Ameghino (1853–1911), Argentine naturalist, paleontologist, anthropologist and zoologist
• Florentino Asensio Barroso (1877–1936), Spanish Roman Catholic bishop
• Florentino Ávidos (1870–1956), Brazilian politician
• Florentino Bautista (1930–2014), Filipino basketball player
• Florentino Broce (c. 1943 – 2015), Filipino footballer and manager
• Florentino Castro López (born 1949), Mexican politician
• Florentino Collantes (1896–1951), Filipino poet
• Florentino Das (1918–1964), Filipino sailor
• Florentino Domínguez Ordoñez (born 1962), Mexican politician
• Florentino Fernández (actor) (born 1972), Spanish actor and comedian
• Florentino Fernández (boxer) (1936–2013), Cuban boxer
• Florentino Floro (born 1953), Filipino judge
• Florentino García Martínez (born 1942), Spanish Roman Catholic priest and theologian
• Florentino Goikoetxea (1898–1980)
• Florentino Jimón Barba, Mexican potter
• Florentino Lavarias (born 1957), Filipino Roman Catholic bishop
• Florentino López Cuevillas (1886–1958), Spanish anthropologist and prehistorian
• Florentino Luís (born 1999), Portuguese footballer
• Florentino Martínez (born 1944), Mexican sport wrestler
• Florentino Molina (born 1938), Argentine golfer
• Florentino Peñaranda (1876–1938), Filipino educator and politician
• Florentino Pérez (born 1947), Spanish businessman, civil engineer, politician and president of Real Madrid
• Florentino Rodao (born 1960), Spanish historian and Japanologist
• Florentino Suico (1902–1981), Filipino writer and poet
• Florentino Tecson (1906–1962), Filipino lawyer, politician, writer and labor leader
• Florentino Tirante (born 1961), Filipino sport wrestler
• Florentino Torres (1844–1927), Filipino lawyer and judge
• Florentino (a character in Arena of Valor).

• Gisele Florentino (born 1973), Brazilian volleyball player
• Leona Florentino (1849–1884), Filipino poet
• Pedro Florentino, 19th-century Dominican Republic military officer
• Renato Florentino, 3rd Vice President of Honduras