Season | 2023–24 |
---|---|
← 2022–23 2024–25 →
All statistics correct as of 24 June 2023. |
The 2023–24 Liga III will be the 68th season of Liga III, the third tier of the Romanian football league system. The season will begin in August 2023 and is scheduled to end in June 2024.
Team changes
[edit]Promoted from 2022–23 Liga IV | Relegated from 2022–23 Liga II | Promoted to 2023–24 Liga II | Relegated to 2023–24 Liga IV |
---|---|---|---|
Viitorul Curița[1] (debut) Viitorul Liteni[2] (after 17 years of absence) CSM Vaslui (debut) Olimpia MCMXXI Satu Mare (after 10 years of absence) Crișul Sântandrei (debut) Industria Galda (after 2 years of absence) Mediaș (debut) Ciucaș Tărlungeni (debut) Socodor (debut) Peciu Nou (debut) Turceni (after 9 years of absence) Râmnicu Vâlcea (after 18 years of absence) ARO Muscelul Câmpulung (after 7 years of absence) FC U Craiova 1948 II (after 18 years of absence) Progresul Fundulea (debut) Dunărea Giurgiu (after 18 years of absence) Tricolorul Breaza (after 14 years of absence) Hamangia Baia (after 10 years of absence) Viitorul Șuțești (debut) Axiopolis Cernavodă (after 2 years of absence) |
FC Brașov[3] (debut) Ripensia Timișoara (after 6 years of absence) Minaur Baia Mare (after 1 year of absence) Politehnica Timișoara (after 7 years of absence) Unirea Constanța (debut) |
Ceahlăul Piatra Neamț[4][5] (ended 5-year stay) Tunari (ended 14-year stay) Alexandria (ended 7-year stay) CSM Reșița (ended 2-year stay) Corvinul Hunedoara (ended 5-year stay) |
Csíkszereda II[6] (ended 1-year stay) Dante Botoșani (ended 3-year stay) Amara (ended 1-year stay) FCSB II (ended 7-year stay) Astra Giurgiu (ended 1-year stay) Minerul Costești (ended 3-years stay) Aurul Brad (ended 2-year stay) Progresul Ezeriș (ended 3-year stay) Pobeda Stár Bišnov (ended 2-years stay) Ocna Mureș (ended 3-years stay) CFR II Cluj (ended 2-year stay) Sportul Șimleu Silvaniei (ended 3-year stay) |
FC Brașov saga
[edit]FC Brașov had comfortably avoided relegation from Liga II last season, while Progresul Spartac were relegated after losing their last chance, the play-off against Metaloglobus. However FC Brașov did not have their finances in order and the FRF had no choice but to relegate them. FC Brașov appealed the decision, including at the court in Lausanne, but ultimately lost.
On 7 August 2023, FC Brașov was definitively relegated from Liga II by the Romanian Football Federation, with Progresul Spartac being readmitted to the Liga II.[7]
Soon after leadership decided to disband the senior team of FC Brașov with the view to eventually merge with fellow city club SR Brașov, freeing up another spot in Liga III.[8]
Teams spared from relegation
[edit]Progresul Spartac București was spared from relegation to 2023–24 Liga III season, due to the decision to relegate FC Brașov, decision that vacanted place in the 2022–23 Liga II season.
Sănătatea Cluj, ACB Ineu, KSE Târgu Secuiesc and Vedița Colonești were spared from relegation to 2023–24 Liga IV season.
Withdrawn teams
[edit]Real Bradu,[9] Farul II Constanța,[10] Retezatul Hațeg,[11] Ripensia Timișoara,[12] Viitorul Liteni,[13] Unirea Constanța and Academica Recea[14] withdrew from the competition, before the start of the season. Crișul Chișineu-Criș[15] withdrew at the time of the draw due to a political decision. Gloria Albești also withdrew last minute.
Renamed teams and other changes
[edit]Dinamo Bacău merged with Academia FC Bacău to form FC Bacău.[16]
CSM Satu Mare was renamed as CSM Olimpia Satu Mare.[17]
Muscelul Câmpulung Elite was renamed as AFC Câmpulung Muscel 2022[18]
Last minute changes
[edit]With the disbanding of FC Brașov, and the last minute withdrawals of Crișul Chișineu-Criș and Gloria Albești, the FRF decided to readmit some teams and reshuffle some of the series in order to better adhere to geographic criteria. As such Dacia Unirea Braila were readmitted, even though they had relegated after the last season, also LPS HD Clinceni (formerly known as Academica Clinceni) and Oltul Curtișoara were allowed to join Liga III, even though they had lost their respective promotion playoffs from Liga IV.[19]
League map
[edit]Regular season
[edit]Seria I
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Bucovina Rădăuți | 16 | 9 | 5 | 2 | 26 | 12 | +14 | 32 | Qualification to Play-Off round |
2 | CSM Bacău | 16 | 10 | 1 | 5 | 25 | 14 | +11 | 31 | |
3 | Știința Miroslava | 16 | 9 | 1 | 6 | 27 | 20 | +7 | 28 | |
4 | FC Bacău | 16 | 7 | 3 | 6 | 25 | 19 | +6 | 24 | |
5 | CSM Vaslui | 16 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 23 | 21 | +2 | 21 | Qualification to Play-Out round |
6 | Șomuz Fălticeni | 16 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 23 | 26 | −3 | 20 | |
7 | Aerostar Bacău | 16 | 4 | 3 | 9 | 15 | 22 | −7 | 15 | |
8 | Rapid Brodoc | 16 | 4 | 2 | 10 | 16 | 32 | −16 | 14 | |
9 | Foresta Suceava (R) | 16 | 5 | 2 | 9 | 18 | 32 | −14 | 7[a] | Relegation to Liga V |
10 | Viitorul Darabani (D) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0[b] | Excluded |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Head-to-head points; 3) Head-to-head goal difference; 4) Head-to-head goals scored;
5) Head-to-head away goals scored; 6) Goal difference; 7) Goals scored; 8) Play-off.[20]
(D) Disqualified; (R) Relegated
Notes:
Seria II
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Metalul Buzău | 18 | 16 | 1 | 1 | 66 | 6 | +60 | 49 | Qualification to Play-Off round |
2 | Focșani | 18 | 14 | 0 | 4 | 58 | 16 | +42 | 42 | |
3 | Sporting Liești | 18 | 11 | 2 | 5 | 39 | 28 | +11 | 35 | |
4 | Unirea Braniștea | 18 | 9 | 3 | 6 | 41 | 27 | +14 | 30 | |
5 | Râmnicu Sărat | 18 | 9 | 2 | 7 | 47 | 34 | +13 | 29 | Qualification to Play-Out round |
6 | Dacia Unirea Brăila | 18 | 7 | 1 | 10 | 26 | 36 | −10 | 22 | |
7 | Hamangia Baia | 18 | 6 | 1 | 11 | 23 | 72 | −49 | 19 | |
8 | Voința Limpeziș | 18 | 4 | 3 | 11 | 24 | 47 | −23 | 15 | |
9 | Viitorul Ianca | 18 | 4 | 2 | 12 | 23 | 37 | −14 | 14 | |
10 | Viitorul Șuțești | 18 | 2 | 1 | 15 | 14 | 58 | −44 | 7 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Head-to-head points; 3) Head-to-head goal difference; 4) Head-to-head goals scored;
5) Head-to-head away goals scored; 6) Goal difference; 7) Goals scored; 8) Play-off.[20]
Seria III
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Afumați | 18 | 14 | 3 | 1 | 51 | 16 | +35 | 45 | Qualification to Play-Off round |
2 | Dunărea Călărași | 18 | 13 | 2 | 3 | 43 | 22 | +21 | 41 | |
3 | Agricola Borcea | 18 | 10 | 4 | 4 | 37 | 24 | +13 | 34 | |
4 | Clinceni | 18 | 10 | 2 | 6 | 41 | 33 | +8 | 32 | |
5 | Recolta Gheorghe Doja | 18 | 7 | 3 | 8 | 38 | 42 | −4 | 24 | Qualification to Play-Out round |
6 | Gloria Băneasa | 18 | 6 | 2 | 10 | 29 | 37 | −8 | 20 | |
7 | Axiopolis Cernavodă | 18 | 5 | 1 | 12 | 33 | 39 | −6 | 16 | |
8 | Înainte Modelu | 18 | 5 | 1 | 12 | 24 | 37 | −13 | 16 | |
9 | Progresul Fundulea | 18 | 4 | 3 | 11 | 11 | 37 | −26 | 15 | |
10 | Voluntari II | 18 | 3 | 5 | 10 | 22 | 42 | −20 | 14 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Head-to-head points; 3) Head-to-head goal difference; 4) Head-to-head goals scored;
5) Head-to-head away goals scored; 6) Goal difference; 7) Goals scored; 8) Play-off.[20]
Seria IV
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | CS Dinamo București | 18 | 13 | 2 | 3 | 41 | 14 | +27 | 41 | Qualification to Play-Off round |
2 | Popești-Leordeni | 18 | 10 | 7 | 1 | 29 | 16 | +13 | 37 | |
3 | Blejoi | 18 | 10 | 3 | 5 | 35 | 25 | +10 | 33 | |
4 | Dunărea Giurgiu | 18 | 9 | 2 | 7 | 30 | 29 | +1 | 29 | |
5 | Pucioasa | 18 | 7 | 4 | 7 | 24 | 27 | −3 | 25 | Qualification to Play-Out round |
6 | Plopeni | 18 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 21 | 21 | 0 | 21 | |
7 | Flacăra Moreni | 18 | 6 | 3 | 9 | 26 | 32 | −6 | 21 | |
8 | ARO Muscelul Câmpulung | 18 | 3 | 7 | 8 | 15 | 20 | −5 | 16 | |
9 | Tricolorul Breaza | 18 | 4 | 4 | 10 | 27 | 40 | −13 | 16 | |
10 | Păulești | 18 | 2 | 4 | 12 | 21 | 45 | −24 | 10 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Head-to-head points; 3) Head-to-head goal difference; 4) Head-to-head goals scored;
5) Head-to-head away goals scored; 6) Goal difference; 7) Goals scored; 8) Play-off.[20]
Seria V
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Câmpulung Muscel | 18 | 13 | 3 | 2 | 41 | 12 | +29 | 42 | Qualification to Play-Off round |
2 | Olimpic Zărnești | 18 | 12 | 4 | 2 | 55 | 23 | +32 | 40 | |
3 | Olimpic Cetate Râșnov | 18 | 11 | 4 | 3 | 38 | 19 | +19 | 37 | |
4 | Kids Tâmpa Brașov | 18 | 9 | 6 | 3 | 27 | 15 | +12 | 33 | |
5 | Odorheiu Secuiesc | 18 | 8 | 5 | 5 | 28 | 14 | +14 | 29 | Qualification to Play-Out round |
6 | KSE Târgu Secuiesc | 18 | 5 | 4 | 9 | 16 | 29 | −13 | 19 | |
7 | Sepsi OSK II | 18 | 5 | 1 | 12 | 25 | 33 | −8 | 16 | |
8 | Viitorul Curița | 18 | 4 | 4 | 10 | 26 | 36 | −10 | 16 | |
9 | Ciucaș Tărlungeni | 18 | 3 | 4 | 11 | 17 | 46 | −29 | 13 | |
10 | SR Brașov | 18 | 2 | 1 | 15 | 11 | 57 | −46 | 7 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Head-to-head points; 3) Head-to-head goal difference; 4) Head-to-head goals scored;
5) Head-to-head away goals scored; 6) Goal difference; 7) Goals scored; 8) Play-off.[20]
Seria VI
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Cetatea Turnu Măgurele | 18 | 11 | 4 | 3 | 39 | 13 | +26 | 37 | Qualification to Play-Off round |
2 | Râmnicu Vâlcea | 18 | 11 | 2 | 5 | 26 | 16 | +10 | 35 | |
3 | Vedița Colonești | 18 | 10 | 3 | 5 | 31 | 18 | +13 | 33 | |
4 | Viitorul Dăești | 18 | 9 | 5 | 4 | 34 | 28 | +6 | 32 | |
5 | Flacăra Horezu | 18 | 8 | 2 | 8 | 29 | 27 | +2 | 26 | Qualification to Play-Out round |
6 | Sporting Roșiori | 18 | 8 | 2 | 8 | 32 | 27 | +5 | 24[a] | |
7 | Unirea Bascov | 18 | 5 | 5 | 8 | 15 | 20 | −5 | 20 | |
8 | Oltul Curtișoara | 18 | 5 | 4 | 9 | 17 | 34 | −17 | 19 | |
9 | Petrolul Potcoava | 18 | 4 | 4 | 10 | 17 | 28 | −11 | 16 | |
10 | Cozia Călimănești | 18 | 2 | 3 | 13 | 12 | 41 | −29 | 9 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Head-to-head points; 3) Head-to-head goal difference; 4) Head-to-head goals scored;
5) Head-to-head away goals scored; 6) Goal difference; 7) Goals scored; 8) Play-off.[20]
Notes:
- ^ Sporting Roșiori were deducted 2 points and was sanctioned with a transfer ban.
Seria VII
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Ghiroda | 18 | 12 | 4 | 2 | 53 | 21 | +32 | 40 | Qualification to Play-Off round |
2 | Filiași | 18 | 12 | 2 | 4 | 50 | 20 | +30 | 38 | |
3 | Deva | 18 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 44 | 19 | +25 | 34 | |
4 | Viitorul Șimian | 18 | 10 | 4 | 4 | 48 | 29 | +19 | 34 | |
5 | Universitatea Craiova II | 18 | 9 | 1 | 8 | 46 | 40 | +6 | 28 | Qualification to Play-Out round |
6 | Gilortul Târgu Cărbunești | 18 | 8 | 1 | 9 | 34 | 43 | −9 | 25 | |
7 | Voința Lupac | 18 | 6 | 3 | 9 | 30 | 37 | −7 | 21 | |
8 | Jiul Petroșani | 18 | 6 | 2 | 10 | 29 | 35 | −6 | 20 | |
9 | FCU Craiova 1948 II | 18 | 3 | 2 | 13 | 22 | 59 | −37 | 11 | |
10 | Turceni | 18 | 1 | 2 | 15 | 16 | 69 | −53 | 5 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Head-to-head points; 3) Head-to-head goal difference; 4) Head-to-head goals scored;
5) Head-to-head away goals scored; 6) Goal difference; 7) Goals scored; 8) Play-off.[20]
Seria VIII
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Bihor Oradea | 18 | 14 | 4 | 0 | 51 | 12 | +39 | 46 | Qualification to Play-Off round |
2 | Politehnica Timișoara | 18 | 12 | 3 | 3 | 40 | 14 | +26 | 39 | |
3 | Peciu Nou | 18 | 11 | 3 | 4 | 37 | 20 | +17 | 36 | |
4 | Phoenix Buziaș | 18 | 9 | 5 | 4 | 35 | 26 | +9 | 32 | |
5 | Progresul Pecica | 18 | 9 | 4 | 5 | 36 | 24 | +12 | 31 | Qualification to Play-Out round |
6 | Șoimii Lipova | 18 | 7 | 2 | 9 | 30 | 40 | −10 | 23 | |
7 | Avântul Periam | 18 | 6 | 1 | 11 | 24 | 38 | −14 | 19 | |
8 | Gloria Lunca-Teuz Cermei | 18 | 3 | 3 | 12 | 15 | 32 | −17 | 12 | |
9 | Socodor | 18 | 3 | 2 | 13 | 16 | 45 | −29 | 11 | |
10 | ACB Ineu | 18 | 1 | 3 | 14 | 13 | 46 | −33 | 6 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Head-to-head points; 3) Head-to-head goal difference; 4) Head-to-head goals scored;
5) Head-to-head away goals scored; 6) Goal difference; 7) Goals scored; 8) Play-off.[20]
Seria IX
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Gloria Bistrița-Năsăud | 18 | 12 | 4 | 2 | 36 | 14 | +22 | 40 | Qualification to Play-Off round |
2 | Mediaș | 18 | 10 | 4 | 4 | 22 | 12 | +10 | 34 | |
3 | Unirea Ungheni | 18 | 10 | 3 | 5 | 32 | 17 | +15 | 33 | |
4 | Universitatea Alba Iulia | 18 | 9 | 4 | 5 | 31 | 15 | +16 | 31 | |
5 | Unirea Alba Iulia | 18 | 8 | 5 | 5 | 28 | 25 | +3 | 29 | Qualification to Play-Out round |
6 | MSE Târgu Mureș | 18 | 7 | 4 | 7 | 30 | 26 | +4 | 25 | |
7 | Metalurgistul Cugir | 18 | 7 | 3 | 8 | 25 | 33 | −8 | 24 | |
8 | Avântul Reghin | 18 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 20 | 27 | −7 | 15 | |
9 | Industria Galda | 18 | 1 | 7 | 10 | 20 | 45 | −25 | 10 | |
10 | Viitorul Cluj | 18 | 1 | 4 | 13 | 9 | 39 | −30 | 7 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Head-to-head points; 3) Head-to-head goal difference; 4) Head-to-head goals scored;
5) Head-to-head away goals scored; 6) Goal difference; 7) Goals scored; 8) Play-off.[20]
Seria X
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Zalău | 18 | 12 | 5 | 1 | 33 | 14 | +19 | 41 | Qualification to Play-Off round |
2 | Olimpia Satu Mare | 18 | 9 | 6 | 3 | 31 | 19 | +12 | 33 | |
3 | Crișul Sântandrei | 18 | 8 | 4 | 6 | 29 | 17 | +12 | 28 | |
4 | Sighetu Marmației | 18 | 8 | 3 | 7 | 29 | 26 | +3 | 27 | |
5 | Lotus Băile Felix | 18 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 19 | 17 | +2 | 27 | Qualification to Play-Out round |
6 | Victoria Carei | 18 | 7 | 3 | 8 | 23 | 30 | −7 | 24 | |
7 | Sănătatea Cluj | 18 | 5 | 3 | 10 | 21 | 28 | −7 | 18 | |
8 | Minerul Ocna Dej | 18 | 3 | 8 | 7 | 20 | 24 | −4 | 17 | |
9 | Olimpia MCMXXI Satu Mare | 18 | 4 | 5 | 9 | 22 | 39 | −17 | 17 | |
10 | Minaur Baia Mare | 18 | 3 | 5 | 10 | 18 | 31 | −13 | 14 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Head-to-head points; 3) Head-to-head goal difference; 4) Head-to-head goals scored;
5) Head-to-head away goals scored; 6) Goal difference; 7) Goals scored; 8) Play-off.[20]
Play-off round
[edit]Seria I
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Bucovina Rădăuți (C, Q) | 9 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 10 | 11 | −1 | 43 | Qualification to promotion play-offs |
2 | FC Bacău (Q) | 9 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 10 | 3 | +7 | 42 | |
3 | CSM Bacău | 9 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 9 | −4 | 39 | |
4 | Știința Miroslava | 9 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 9 | 11 | −2 | 36 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Points in the regular season; 3) Head-to-head points; 4) Head-to-head goal difference; 5) Head-to-head goals scored;
6) Head-to-head away goals scored; 7) Goal difference (regular season + play off); 8) Goals scored (regular season + play off); 9) Play-off.[20]
(C) Champions; (Q) Qualified for the phase indicated
Seria II
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Metalul Buzău (C, Q) | 9 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 27 | 5 | +22 | 74 | Qualification to promotion play-offs |
2 | Focșani (Q) | 9 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 16 | 11 | +5 | 53 | |
3 | Unirea Braniștea | 9 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 10 | 16 | −6 | 40 | |
4 | Sporting Liești | 9 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 27 | −21 | 38 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Points in the regular season; 3) Head-to-head points; 4) Head-to-head goal difference; 5) Head-to-head goals scored;
6) Head-to-head away goals scored; 7) Goal difference (regular season + play off); 8) Goals scored (regular season + play off); 9) Play-off.[20]
(C) Champions; (Q) Qualified for the phase indicated
Seria III
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Afumați (C, Q) | 9 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 26 | 5 | +21 | 68 | Qualification to promotion play-offs |
2 | Dunărea Călărași (Q) | 9 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 10 | 12 | −2 | 52 | |
3 | Agricola Borcea | 9 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 9 | 16 | −7 | 45 | |
4 | Clinceni | 9 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 12 | 24 | −12 | 37 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Points in the regular season; 3) Head-to-head points; 4) Head-to-head goal difference; 5) Head-to-head goals scored;
6) Head-to-head away goals scored; 7) Goal difference (regular season + play off); 8) Goals scored (regular season + play off); 9) Play-off.[20]
(C) Champions; (Q) Qualified for the phase indicated
Seria IV
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | CS Dinamo București (C, Q) | 9 | 6 | 0 | 3 | 20 | 13 | +7 | 59 | Qualification to promotion play-offs |
2 | Popești-Leordeni (Q) | 9 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 12 | 11 | +1 | 48 | |
3 | Blejoi | 9 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 18 | 18 | 0 | 47 | |
4 | Dunărea Giurgiu | 9 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 15 | 23 | −8 | 37 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Points in the regular season; 3) Head-to-head points; 4) Head-to-head goal difference; 5) Head-to-head goals scored;
6) Head-to-head away goals scored; 7) Goal difference (regular season + play off); 8) Goals scored (regular season + play off); 9) Play-off.[20]
(C) Champions; (Q) Qualified for the phase indicated
Seria V
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Câmpulung Muscel (C, Q) | 9 | 7 | 0 | 2 | 17 | 10 | +7 | 63 | Qualification to promotion play-offs |
2 | Olimpic Zărnești (Q) | 9 | 4 | 0 | 5 | 17 | 20 | −3 | 52 | |
3 | Olimpic Cetate Râșnov | 9 | 4 | 0 | 5 | 16 | 13 | +3 | 49 | |
4 | Kids Tâmpa Brașov | 9 | 3 | 0 | 6 | 12 | 19 | −7 | 42 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Points in the regular season; 3) Head-to-head points; 4) Head-to-head goal difference; 5) Head-to-head goals scored;
6) Head-to-head away goals scored; 7) Goal difference (regular season + play off); 8) Goals scored (regular season + play off); 9) Play-off.[20]
(C) Champions; (Q) Qualified for the phase indicated
Seria VI
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Râmnicu Vâlcea (C, Q) | 9 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 17 | 10 | +7 | 53 | Qualification to promotion play-offs |
2 | Vedița Colonești (Q) | 9 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 16 | 11 | +5 | 48 | |
3 | Cetatea Turnu Măgurele | 9 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 9 | 13 | −4 | 46 | |
4 | Viitorul Dăești | 9 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 9 | 17 | −8 | 39 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Points in the regular season; 3) Head-to-head points; 4) Head-to-head goal difference; 5) Head-to-head goals scored;
6) Head-to-head away goals scored; 7) Goal difference (regular season + play off); 8) Goals scored (regular season + play off); 9) Play-off.[20]
(C) Champions; (Q) Qualified for the phase indicated
Seria VII
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Ghiroda (C, Q) | 9 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 25 | 16 | +9 | 58 | Qualification to promotion play-offs |
2 | Filiași (Q) | 9 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 13 | 21 | −8 | 48 | |
3 | Deva | 9 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 19 | 17 | +2 | 47 | |
4 | Viitorul Șimian | 9 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 17 | 20 | −3 | 42 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Points in the regular season; 3) Head-to-head points; 4) Head-to-head goal difference; 5) Head-to-head goals scored;
6) Head-to-head away goals scored; 7) Goal difference (regular season + play off); 8) Goals scored (regular season + play off); 9) Play-off.[20]
(C) Champions; (Q) Qualified for the phase indicated
Seria VIII
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Bihor Oradea (C, Q) | 9 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 18 | 3 | +15 | 69 | Qualification to promotion play-offs |
2 | Politehnica Timișoara (Q) | 9 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 14 | 10 | +4 | 54 | |
3 | Peciu Nou | 9 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 7 | 14 | −7 | 43 | |
4 | Phoenix Buziaș | 9 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 9 | 21 | −12 | 37 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Points in the regular season; 3) Head-to-head points; 4) Head-to-head goal difference; 5) Head-to-head goals scored;
6) Head-to-head away goals scored; 7) Goal difference (regular season + play off); 8) Goals scored (regular season + play off); 9) Play-off.[20]
(C) Champions; (Q) Qualified for the phase indicated
Seria IX
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Gloria Bistrița-Năsăud (C, Q) | 9 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 19 | 7 | +12 | 58 | Qualification to promotion play-offs |
2 | Unirea Ungheni | 9 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 15 | 10 | +5 | 50 | |
3 | Mediaș | 9 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 9 | 15 | −6 | 41 | |
4 | Universitatea Alba Iulia | 9 | 3 | 0 | 6 | 11 | 22 | −11 | 40 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Points in the regular season; 3) Head-to-head points; 4) Head-to-head goal difference; 5) Head-to-head goals scored;
6) Head-to-head away goals scored; 7) Goal difference (regular season + play off); 8) Goals scored (regular season + play off); 9) Play-off.[20]
(C) Champions; (Q) Qualified for the phase indicated
Seria X
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Zalău (C, Q) | 9 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 19 | 11 | +8 | 56 | Qualification to promotion play-offs |
2 | Sighetu Marmației (Q) | 9 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 14 | 14 | 0 | 44 | |
3 | Olimpia Satu Mare | 9 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 12 | 14 | −2 | 42 | |
4 | Crișul Sântandrei | 9 | 3 | 0 | 6 | 8 | 14 | −6 | 37 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Points in the regular season; 3) Head-to-head points; 4) Head-to-head goal difference; 5) Head-to-head goals scored;
6) Head-to-head away goals scored; 7) Goal difference (regular season + play off); 8) Goals scored (regular season + play off); 9) Play-off.[20]
(C) Champions; (Q) Qualified for the phase indicated
Play-out round
[edit]Seria I
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | Șomuz Fălticeni | 6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 17 | 3 | +14 | 36 | |
6 | CSM Vaslui | 6 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 16 | 3 | +13 | 34 | |
7 | Aerostar Bacău | 6 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 9 | 8 | +1 | 21 | |
8 | Rapid Brodoc | 6 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 1 | 29 | −28 | 14 | |
9 | Foresta Suceava[a] (R) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | Relegation to Liga IV |
10 | Viitorul Darabani[a] (D) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Excluded |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Points in the regular season; 3) Head-to-head points; 4) Head-to-head goal difference; 5) Head-to-head goals scored;
6) Head-to-head away goals scored; 7) Goal difference (regular season + play out); 8) Goals scored (regular season + play out); 9) Play-off.[20]
(D) Disqualified; (R) Relegated
Notes:
Seria II
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | Râmnicu Sărat | 10 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 27 | 11 | +16 | 52 | |
6 | Dacia Unirea Brăila | 10 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 22 | 9 | +13 | 43 | |
7 | Viitorul Ianca | 10 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 19 | 11 | +8 | 31 | |
8 | Hamangia Baia | 10 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 14 | 28 | −14 | 29 | |
9 | Viitorul Șuțești (R) | 10 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 15 | 21 | −6 | 18 | Relegation to Liga IV |
10 | Voința Limpeziș (R) | 10 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 12 | 29 | −17 | 17 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Points in the regular season; 3) Head-to-head points; 4) Head-to-head goal difference; 5) Head-to-head goals scored;
6) Head-to-head away goals scored; 7) Goal difference (regular season + play out); 8) Goals scored (regular season + play out); 9) Play-off.[20]
(R) Relegated
Seria III
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | Recolta Gheorghe Doja | 10 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 17 | 13 | +4 | 40 | |
6 | Gloria Băneasa | 10 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 12 | 10 | +2 | 39 | |
7 | Axiopolis Cernavodă | 10 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 19 | 15 | +4 | 34 | |
8 | Înainte Modelu | 10 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 12 | 15 | −3 | 28 | |
9 | Progresul Fundulea (R) | 10 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 10 | 14 | −4 | 24 | Relegation to Liga IV |
10 | Voluntari II (R) | 10 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 16 | 19 | −3 | 23 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Points in the regular season; 3) Head-to-head points; 4) Head-to-head goal difference; 5) Head-to-head goals scored;
6) Head-to-head away goals scored; 7) Goal difference (regular season + play out); 8) Goals scored (regular season + play out); 9) Play-off.[20]
(R) Relegated
Seria IV
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | Pucioasa | 10 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 14 | 12 | +2 | 40 | |
6 | Flacăra Moreni | 10 | 6 | 0 | 4 | 11 | 9 | +2 | 39 | |
7 | Plopeni | 10 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 18 | 12 | +6 | 38 | |
8 | ARO Muscelul Câmpulung | 10 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 16 | 10 | +6 | 35 | |
9 | Tricolorul Breaza (R) | 10 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 15 | 13 | +2 | 33 | Relegation to Liga IV |
10 | Păulești (R) | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 7 | 25 | −18 | 10 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Points in the regular season; 3) Head-to-head points; 4) Head-to-head goal difference; 5) Head-to-head goals scored;
6) Head-to-head away goals scored; 7) Goal difference (regular season + play out); 8) Goals scored (regular season + play out); 9) Play-off.[20]
(R) Relegated
Seria V
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | Odorheiu Secuiesc | 10 | 6 | 0 | 4 | 24 | 17 | +7 | 47 | |
6 | Viitorul Curița | 10 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 14 | 12 | +2 | 31 | |
7 | Sepsi OSK II | 10 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 15 | 15 | 0 | 31 | |
8 | KSE Târgu Secuiesc | 10 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 12 | 13 | −1 | 30 | |
9 | SR Brașov (R) | 10 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 20 | 14 | +6 | 25 | Relegation to Liga IV |
10 | Ciucaș Tărlungeni (R) | 10 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 13 | 27 | −14 | 21 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Points in the regular season; 3) Head-to-head points; 4) Head-to-head goal difference; 5) Head-to-head goals scored;
6) Head-to-head away goals scored; 7) Goal difference (regular season + play out); 8) Goals scored (regular season + play out); 9) Play-off.[20]
(R) Relegated
Seria VI
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | Unirea Bascov | 10 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 20 | 6 | +14 | 42 | |
6 | Sporting Roșiori | 10 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 18 | 14 | +4 | 40 | |
7 | Flacăra Horezu | 10 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 15 | 16 | −1 | 39 | |
8 | Oltul Curtișoara | 10 | 6 | 0 | 4 | 23 | 16 | +7 | 37 | |
9 | Petrolul Potcoava (R) | 10 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 15 | 18 | −3 | 32 | Relegation to Liga IV |
10 | Cozia Călimănești (R) | 10 | 1 | 0 | 9 | 5 | 26 | −21 | 12 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Points in the regular season; 3) Head-to-head points; 4) Head-to-head goal difference; 5) Head-to-head goals scored;
6) Head-to-head away goals scored; 7) Goal difference (regular season + play out); 8) Goals scored (regular season + play out); 9) Play-off.[20]
(R) Relegated
Seria VII
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | Universitatea Craiova II | 10 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 40 | 15 | +25 | 52 | |
6 | Gilortul Târgu Cărbunești | 10 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 25 | 18 | +7 | 41 | |
7 | Voința Lupac | 10 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 17 | 28 | −11 | 33 | |
8 | Jiul Petroșani | 10 | 3 | 0 | 7 | 19 | 35 | −16 | 29 | |
9 | Turceni (R) | 10 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 8 | −4 | 22 | Relegation to Liga IV |
10 | FCU Craiova 1948 II (R) | 10 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 25 | 27 | −2 | 19 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Points in the regular season; 3) Head-to-head points; 4) Head-to-head goal difference; 5) Head-to-head goals scored;
6) Head-to-head away goals scored; 7) Goal difference (regular season + play out); 8) Goals scored (regular season + play out); 9) Play-off.[20]
(R) Relegated
Seria VIII
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | Progresul Pecica | 10 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 30 | 10 | +20 | 55 | |
6 | Șoimii Lipova | 10 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 12 | 14 | −2 | 38 | |
7 | Avântul Periam | 10 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 18 | 12 | +6 | 37 | |
8 | Gloria Lunca-Teuz Cermei | 10 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 14 | 16 | −2 | 22 | |
9 | Socodor (R) | 10 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 11 | 23 | −12 | 20 | Relegation to Liga IV |
10 | ACB Ineu (R) | 10 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 12 | 22 | −10 | 12 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Points in the regular season; 3) Head-to-head points; 4) Head-to-head goal difference; 5) Head-to-head goals scored;
6) Head-to-head away goals scored; 7) Goal difference (regular season + play out); 8) Goals scored (regular season + play out); 9) Play-off.[20]
(R) Relegated
Seria IX
[edit]Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | Unirea Alba Iulia | 10 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 24 | 10 | +14 | 54 | |
6 | MSE Târgu Mureș | 10 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 23 | 11 | +12 | 44 | |
7 | Metalurgistul Cugir | 10 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 19 | 21 | −2 | 39 | |
8 | Avântul Reghin | 10 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 19 | 18 | +1 | 27 | |
9 | Viitorul Cluj (R) | 10 | 3 | 0 | 7 | 11 | 22 | −11 | 16 | Relegation to Liga IV |
10 | Industria Galda (R) | 10 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 9 | 23 | −14 | 15 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Points in the regular season; 3) Head-to-head points; 4) Head-to-head goal difference; 5) Head-to-head goals scored;
6) Head-to-head away goals scored; 7) Goal difference (regular season + play out); 8) Goals scored (regular season + play out); 9) Play-off.[20]
(R) Relegated
Seria X
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | Victoria Carei | 10 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 20 | 17 | +3 | 40 | |
6 | Lotus Băile Felix | 10 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 15 | 14 | +1 | 40 | |
7 | Minaur Baia Mare | 10 | 7 | 3 | 0 | 24 | 9 | +15 | 38 | |
8 | Olimpia MCMXXI Satu Mare | 10 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 19 | 12 | +7 | 32 | |
9 | Sănătatea Cluj (R) | 10 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 20 | 16 | +4 | 32 | Relegation to Liga IV |
10 | Minerul Ocna Dej (R) | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 30 | −30 | 17 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Points in the regular season; 3) Head-to-head points; 4) Head-to-head goal difference; 5) Head-to-head goals scored;
6) Head-to-head away goals scored; 7) Goal difference (regular season + play out); 8) Goals scored (regular season + play out); 9) Play-off.[20]
(R) Relegated
Promotion play-offs
[edit]The promotion play-offs are disputed between the first two teams from each of the ten play-off round series. Only the best five teams will be promoted to 2024–25 Liga II. To determine the sixth promoted, a mini-competition will be held, in which the best four of the five teams defeated in the finals of the playoffs will participate. The mini-competition will consist of semi-finals and a final (one game on the field of the first draw), the winner of the final advancing to Liga II, which goes from 20 to 22 participants.
First round
[edit]Team 1 | Agg. | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
---|---|---|---|---|
Focșani | 3–1 | Bucovina Rădăuți | 2–0 | 1–1 |
FC Bacău | 2–2 (3–4 p) | Metalul Buzău | 1–0 | 1–2 (a.e.t.) |
Popești-Leordeni | 1–4 | Afumați | 0–1 | 1–3 |
Dunărea Călărași | 1–4 | CS Dinamo București | 1–3 | 0–1 |
Vedița Colonești | 1–2 | Câmpulung Muscel | 0–0 | 1–2 (a.e.t.) |
Olimpic Zărnești | 0–7 | Râmnicu Vâlcea | 0–1 | 0–6 |
Politehnica Timișoara | 1–2 | Ghiroda | 0–2 | 1–0 |
Filiași | 1–2 | Bihor Oradea | 1–1 | 0–1 (a.e.t.) |
Sighetu Marmației | 1–1 (3–5 p) | Gloria Bistrița-Năsăud | 0–0 | 1–1 (a.e.t.) |
Unirea Ungheni | 4–1 | Zalău | 3–0 | 1–1 |
Second round
[edit]Team 1 | Agg. | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
---|---|---|---|---|
CSM Focșani | 2–3 | Metalul Buzău | 2–1 | 0–2 |
CS Afumați | 3–0 | CS Dinamo București | 1–0 | 2–0 |
AFC Câmpulung Muscel | 2–1 | SCM Râmnicu Vâlcea | 2–1 | 0–0 |
CSC Ghiroda | 2–5 | Bihor Oradea | 2–2 | 0–3 |
Gloria Bistrița-Năsăud | 3–4 | Unirea Ungheni | 2–2 | 1–2 |
The sixth promoted team
[edit]Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
---|---|---|
Semi-finals | ||
CS Dinamo București | 3–1 | CSC Ghiroda |
CSM Focșani | 3–2 (a.e.t) | SCM Râmnicu Vâlcea |
Final | ||
CSM Focșani | 2–0 | CS Dinamo București |
References
[edit]- ^ "Viitorul Curița promovează la "masa verde" în Liga 3". liga2.prosport.ro. 14 June 2023. Retrieved 24 June 2023.
- ^ "Manșa retur a barajului de promovare în Liga 3". liga2.prosport.ro. 24 June 2023. Retrieved 24 June 2023.
- ^ "TAS a dat răspunsul: FC Brașov nu poate evolua în Liga 2. Echipa care îi ia locul în campionat". digisport.ro. 7 August 2023. Retrieved 7 August 2023.
- ^ "Manșa tur a barajelor de promovare în Liga 2". liga2.prosport.ro. 3 June 2023. Retrieved 4 June 2023.
- ^ "Aflăm cele cinci nou-promovate în Liga 2". liga2.prosport.ro. 7 June 2023. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ^ "Cele 19 echipe retrogradate din Liga 3". liga2.prosport.ro. 28 May 2023. Retrieved 24 June 2023.
- ^ "Verdict crunt de la TAS pentru FC Brașov!". liga2.prosport.ro. 7 July 2023. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
- ^ "FC Brașov are un nou președinte, un fost europarlamentar". 24 August 2023.
- ^ "Real Bradu se retrage din Liga 3". liga2.prosport.ro. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
- ^ "Farul Constanța a decis să-și dezființeze echipa secundă din Liga 3". liga2.prosport.ro. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
- ^ "Retezatul Hațeg s-a retras din Liga 3 după un sezon în acest campionat". liga2.prosport.ro. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
- ^ "Dumitru Mihu șochează: mai vrea să vândă Ripensia după ce a desființat echipa de seniori!". liga2.prosport.ro. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
- ^ "Încă un abandon în Liga 3: deținătoarea eventului în Suceava a decis să continue la nivel județean!". liga2.prosport.ro. Retrieved 21 July 2023.
- ^ "Academica Recea nu va lua startul în Liga 3!". liga2.prosport.ro. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
- ^ "Crișul Chișineu Criș nu mai continuă în Liga 3! "Ni s-a comunicat să ne găsim alte echipe!"". liga2.prosport.ro. Retrieved 11 August 2023.
- ^ "Dinamo Bacău dispare din Liga 3 după două sezoane. I-a cesionat locul în campionat altui club și l-a numit antrenor pe Costel Enache". liga2.prosport.ro. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
- ^ "CSM Satu Mare va juca în noul sezon de Liga 3 sub denumirea de CSM Olimpia Satu Mare". liga2.prosport.ro. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
- ^ "ACS Muscelul Câmpulung Elite începe noul sezon de Liga 3 cu altă denumire. Cele trei echipe din Argeș prezente în campionat, dintre care două din Câmpulung, puse de FRF să joace în trei serii!" [ACS Muscelul Câmpulung Elite starts the new League 3 season with a different name. The three teams from Argeș present in the championship, of which two from Câmpulung, put by the FRF to play in three series!]. liga2.prosport.ro. 25 August 2023. Archived from the original on 25 August 2023. Retrieved 25 August 2023.(in Romanian)
- ^ "Modificări de ultim moment în Liga 3, cu schimbări în numai puțin de șase serii. Deciziile FRF pentru completarea celor trei locuri vacante după retragerea echipelor FC Brașov, Crișul Chișineu Criș și Gloria Albești" [Last-minute changes in League 3, with changes in just under six series. The decisions of the FRF to fill the three vacant places after the withdrawal of the teams FC Brașov, Crișul Chișinău Criș and Gloria Albești]. liga2.prosport.ro. 24 August 2023. Archived from the original on 25 August 2023. Retrieved 25 August 2023.(in Romanian)
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad "Regulamentul de Organizare a Activității Fotbalistice" (PDF). Retrieved 1 September 2022.