ContextAlthough human rights abuses have been reported in Iraq, the full scope of these abuses has not been well documented.ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of human rights abuses since 1991 in southern Iraq, along with attitudes about women's health and human rights and women's rights and roles in society, to inform reconstruction and humanitarian assistance efforts in Iraq.DesignCross-sectional, randomized survey of Iraqi men and women conducted in July 2003 using structured questionnaires.SettingThree major cities in 3 of the 9 governorates in southern Iraq.ParticipantsA total of 1991 respondents representing 16 520 household members.Main Outcome MeasuresRespondent demographics, information on human rights abuses that occurred among household members since 1991, women's health and human rights, opinions regarding women's rights and roles in society, and conditions for …