Thaulow is a surname shared by several notable people:
- Carl Thaulow (1875–1942), Norwegian Olympic sailor
- Frits Thaulow (1847–1906), Norwegian impressionist painter
- Harald Thaulow (1815–1881), Norwegian pharmacist
- Heinrich Arnold Thaulow (1808–1894), Norwegian physician
- Johan Fredrik Thaulow (1840–1912), Norwegian physician
- Moritz Christian Julius Thaulow (1812–1850), Norwegian chemist
- Sven Thaulow (1905–1967), Norwegian Olympic swimmer