Pipkin (also known as Malpais Crater[1]) is a volcano in California, with activity during the Quaternary.[2] The surface of erupted lava flows is weathered, and argon-argon dating and potassium-argon dating has yielded ages of 770,000 ± 40,000 and c. 600,000 years before present, respectively.[3]
The volcano lies in the Rodman Mountains.[4] The 300 feet (91 m) high and 2,000 feet (610 m) wide[5] Pipkin cinder cone probably erupted the lava flows which extend to its north and form a lava flow field which has the appearance of a mesa.[6] The cone itself consists of lava bombs and scoria with red and black colours.[5] Lava flows from the vent propagated through Kane Wash[4] and into the Mojave River valley;[7] it is possible that the lava diverted part of the wash into neighbouring Sheep Springs Wash.[8]
The cone is the site of a quarry. Pipkin was mined since the 1950s for its ash.[5]
References[edit]
- ^ Bezore 1997, p. 41.
- ^ Oskin et al. 2007, p. 4.
- ^ Oskin et al. 2007, p. 6.
- ^ a b Oskin et al. 2007, p. 3.
- ^ a b c Bezore 1997, p. 37.
- ^ Oskin et al. 2007, p. 5.
- ^ Bezore 1997, p. 11.
- ^ Oskin et al. 2007, p. 10.
Sources[edit]
- Bezore, Stephen B. (1997). "Mineral land classification of a part of southwestern San Bernardino County: the Barstow-Newberry Springs area, California" (PDF). California Department of Conservation. Retrieved 16 March 2018.
- Oskin, Michael; Perg, Lesley; Blumentritt, Dylan; Mukhopadhyay, Sujoy; Iriondo, Alexander (1 March 2007). "Slip rate of the Calico fault: Implications for geologic versus geodetic rate discrepancy in the Eastern California Shear Zone". Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. 112 (B3): B03402. doi:10.1029/2006JB004451. ISSN 2156-2202.
34°41′12″N 116°37′12″W / 34.68667°N 116.62000°W