![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Burmese_python_%286887388927%29.jpg/220px-Burmese_python_%286887388927%29.jpg)
Invasive species in Florida are introduced organisms that cause damage to the environment, human economy, or human health in Florida.[1] Native plants and animals in Florida are threatened by the spread of invasive species.[2] Florida is a major biodiversity hotspot in North America and the hospitable sub-tropical climate has also become a hotspot for invasive plants and animals due to anthropogenic introduction.[3][4]
Animals
[edit]Mammals
[edit]- Axis axis (Chital)[5]
- Cricetomys gambianus (Gambian Pouched Rat)[6]
- Chlorocebus sabeus (Green monkey)[7][8]
- Dasypus novemcinctus (Nine-banded armadillo)[9][10]
- Felis catus (Cat)[11]
- Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (Capybara) [12]
- Macaca mulatta (Rhesus macaque)[13][14]
- Mus musculus (House mouse)[15]
- Myocastor coypus (Coypu or nutria)[16]
- Rattus norvegicus (Brown rat)[17]
- Rattus rattus (Black rat)[18]
- Sciurus aureogaster (Mexican gray squirrel)[19][20]
- Sus scrofa (Wild boar) [21]
- Vulpes vulpes (Red fox)[22][23]
Birds
[edit]- Alopochen aegyptiaca (Egyptian goose)[24]
- Amazona viridigenalis (Red-crowned Parrot)
- Cairina moschata (Muscovy Duck)[25]
- Columba livia domestica (Feral Pigeon)[26][27]
- Icterus pectoralis (Spot-breasted Oriole)
- Passer domesticus (House Sparrow)[28]
- Pavo cristatus (Indian Peacock)[29]
- Porphyrio poliocephalus (Gray-headed Swamphen)
- Pycnonotus jocosus (Red-whiskered bulbul)[30]
- Streptopelia decaocto (Eurasian collared dove)[31]
- Sturnus vulgaris (European starling)[32][33]
Reptiles
[edit]- Agama picticauda (Peter’s rock agama)[34][35]
- Anolis equestris (Knight Anole)[36] [37]
- Anolis sagrei (Brown anole)[38]
- Boa constrictor (Common boa)[39][40]
- Crocodylus niloticus (Nile Crocodile)
- Caiman crocodilus (Spectacled caiman)[41][42]
- Chamaeleo calyptratus (Veiled chameleon)[43][44]
- Ctenosaura similis (Black spiny-tailed iguana)[45]
- Hemidactylus frenatus (Common house gecko)[46]
- Hemidactylus turcicus (Mediterranean gecko)[47]
- Iguana iguana (Green iguana)[48]
- Python bivittatus (Burmese python)[49] see main article: Burmese pythons in Florida
- Python sebae (African rock python)[50][51]
- Salvator merianae (Argentine black and white tegu)[52]
- Trachemys scripta elegans (Red-eared slider)[53]
- Varanus niloticus (Nile monitor)[54][55]
Amphibians
[edit]- Eleutherodactylus coqui (Common coquí)[56]
- Eleutherodactylus planirostris (Greenhouse frog)[57]
- Osteopilus septentrionalis (Cuban tree frog)[58]
- Rhinella marina (Cane toad)[59]
Fish
[edit]- Acanthogobius flavimanus (Yellowfin goby)[60]
- Astronotus ocellatus (Oscar)[61]
- Belonesox belizanus (Pike killifish)[62]
- Channa argus (Northern snakehead)[63]
- Channa marulius (Bullseye snakehead)[64]
- Chitala ornata (Clown featherback)[65]
- Cichla ocellaris (Butterfly Peacock Bass)[66][67]
- Cichlasoma bimaculatum (Black acara)[68][69]
- Cichlasoma urophthalmum (Mayan cichlid)[70][71]
- Clarias batrachus (Walking catfish)[72][73]
- Cyprinus carpio (Asian carp)[74][75]
- Hemichromis letourneuxi (African jewelfish)[76][77]
- Monopterus albus (Asian swamp eel)[78]
- Oreochromis aureus (Blue tilapia)[79]
- Pelmatolapia mariae (Spotted tilapia)[80]
- Pterois miles & P. volitans (Lionfish)[81][82]
Invertebrates
[edit]- Aedes albopictus (Asian tiger mosquito)[83]
- Aethina tumida (Small hive beetle)[84]
- Amynthas agrestis (Crazy worm)[85]
- Anastrepha suspensa (Caribbean fruit fly)[86]
- Aphis spiraecola (Spirea aphid)[87]
- Apis mellifera scutellata (African bee)[88]
- Aulacaspis yasumatsui (Cycad aulacaspis scale)[89]
- Bugula neritina (Brown bryozoan[90]
- Cactoblastis cactorum (Cactus moth)[91]
- Cerataphis lataniae (Palm aphid)[92]
- Cnestus mutilatus (Camphor shot borer)[93]
- Coptotermes formosanus (Formosan subterranean termite) [94]
- Coptotermes gestroi (Asian subterranean termite)[95]
- Corbicula fluminea (Asian clam)[96][97]
- Cordylophora caspia (Euryhaline hydroid)[98]
- Cryptotermes brevis (Powderpost termite)[99]
- Culex quinquefasciatus (Southern house mosquito)[100]
- Dinoderus minutus (Bamboo borer)[101]
- Euglossa dilemma (green orchid bee)[102]
- Glycaspis brimblecombei (Red gum lerp psyllid)[103]
- Harmonia axyridis (Harlequin ladybird)[104]
- Heterotermes cardini (West Indian subterranean termite)[95]
- Hypogeococcus pungens (Cactus mealybug)[105]
- Icerya purchasi (Cottony cushion scale)[106]
- Incisitermes minor (Western drywood termite)[95]
- Leptocybe invasa (Blue gum chalcid wasp)[107]
- Linepithema humile (Argentine ant)[108]
- Lissachatina fulica (African giant land snail)[109]
- Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Pink hibiscus mealybug)[110]
- Marisa cornuarietis (Colombian ramshorn apple snail)[111]
- Melanoides tuberculata (Red-rimmed melania)[112]
- Metamasius callizona (Mexican bromeliad weevil)[113]
- Nasutitermes corniger (Conehead termite)[95]
- Opogona sacchari (Banana moth)[114]
- Paratachardina pseudolobata (Lobate lac scale)[115][116]
- Pheidole megacephala (Big-headed ant)[117]
- Phenacoccus solenopsis (Cotton mealybug)[118]
- Platydemus manokwari (New Guinea flatworm)[119]
- Pomacea maculata (island applesnail)[120]
- Polyandrocarpa zorritensis[121]
- Raoiella indica (Red palm mite)[122]
- Solenopsis invicta (Red imported fire ant)[123]
- Tapinoma melanocephalum (Ghost ant)[124]
- Trichomyrmex destructor (Singapore ant)[125]
- Tubastraea coccinea (Orange cup coral)[126]
- Wasmannia auropunctata (Electric ant)[127]
- Xanthogaleruca luteola (Elm leaf beetle)[128]
- Xyleborinus saxeseni (Fruit-tree pinhole borer)[129]
- Xylosandrus compactus (Black twig borer)[130]
- Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Asian ambrosia beetle)[131]
- Zachrysia provisoria (Cuban brown snail)[132]
Plants
[edit]The non-governmental organization FISC published the following list of invasive plant species in 2023.[133] Formerly known as Florida Exotic Plant Pest Council (FLEPPC), the council changed its name to Florida Invasive Species Council (FISC) to retire outdated terminology.[134][135]
Three species have been added to Category I since 2019, and Category II now includes four additional species.[136][137][138] The watch list from FISC highlights species of concern which are not yet included in the Category I or II lists.[139]
The FISC list is a recommendation for natural resource managers, environmental education, and volunteer removal, but is not regulatory by law.[135] State regulated plant species are listed in the State of Florida Noxious Weed List, and the State of Florida Prohibited Aquatic Plants List.[140] Many of the non-native plant species documented in Florida are assessed for invasive potential by UF/IFAS.[141]
FISC describes Category I species as plants which displace native species, disrupt ecological functions, or hybridize with native species.[142] Category II species have not yet altered Florida plant communities to the extent shown by Category I species, but may be assigned to Category I if enough negative impact is reported.[142]
Category I
[edit]- Abrus precatorius
- Acacia auriculiformis
- Albizia julibrissin
- Albizia lebbeck
- Ardisia crenata
- Ardisia elliptica
- Asparagus aethiopicus
- Bauhinia variegata
- Bischofia javanica
- Calophyllum antillanum
- Casuarina equisetifolia
- Casuarina glauca
- Cenchrus purpureus (Pennisetum purpureum)
- Cinnamomum camphora
- Colocasia esculenta
- Colubrina asiatica
- Cupaniopsis anacardioides
- Cyperus blepharoleptos*
- Deparia petersenii
- Dioscorea alata
- Dioscorea bulbifera
- Dolichandra unguis-cati (Macfadyena unguis-cati)
- Eichhornia crassipes
- Eugenia uniflora
- Ficus microcarpa
- Heptapleurum actinophyllum
- Hydrilla verticillata
- Hygrophila polysperma
- Hymenachne amplexicaulis
- Imperata cylindrica
- Ipomoea aquatica
- Jasminum dichotomum
- Jasminum fluminense
- Lantana strigocamara (traditionally misidentified as L. camara)
- Ligustrum lucidum
- Ligustrum sinense
- Lonicera japonica
- Ludwigia peruviana
- Lumnitzera racemosa
- Luziola subintegra
- Lygodium japonicum
- Lygodium microphyllum
- Manilkara zapota
- Melaleuca quinquenervia
- Melinis repens syn. Rhynchelytrum repens
- Microsorum grossum - previously misidentified as M. scolopendria
- Microstegium vimineum
- Mimosa pigra
- Nandina domestica
- Nephrolepis brownii
- Nephrolepis cordifolia
- Neyraudia reynaudiana
- Nymphoides cristata
- Paederia cruddasiana
- Paederia foetida
- Panicum repens
- Pistia - actually likely a native cryptogenic species, but listed as invasive[143][144]
- Psidium cattleianum
- Psidium guajava
- Pueraria montana var. lobata syn. P. lobata
- Rhodomyrtus tomentosa
- Ruellia simplex (syn. R. brittoniana, R. tweediana, R. caerulea, R. simplex)
- Salvinia minima
- Scaevola taccada
- Schinus terebinthifolius
- Scleria eggersiana*
- Scleria lacustris
- Scleria microcarpa
- Senna pendula var. glabrata
- Solanum tampicense
- Solanum viarum
- Sporobolus jacquemontii
- Syngonium podophyllum
- Syzygium cumini
- Tectaria incisa
- Thelypteris opulenta
- Thespesia populnea
- Tradescantia fluminensis
- Tradescantia spathacea*
- Triadica sebifera syn. Sapium sebiferum
- Urena lobata
- Vitex rotundifolia
Category 2
[edit]- Adenanthera pavonina
- Agave sisalana
- Alstonia macrophylla
- Alternanthera philoxeroides
- Antigonon leptopus
- Ardisia japonica
- Aristolochia elegans Aristolochia littoralis
- Asystasia gangetica
- Begonia culcullata
- Broussonetia papyrifera
- Bruguiera gynnorhiza
- Callisia fragrans
- Casuarina cunninghamiana
- Cecropia palmata
- Cenchrus polystachios (Pennisetum polystachion)
- Cenchrus setaceus (Pennisetum setaceum)
- Cestrum diurnum
- Chamaedorea seifrizii
- Clematis terniflora
- Cocos nucifera
- Crassocephalum crepidioides
- Cryptostegia madagascariensis
- Cyperus involucratus
- Cyperus prolifer
- Dactyloctenium aegyptium
- Dalbergia sissoo
- Dalechampia scandens
- Distimake tuberosus (Merremia tuberosa)
- Dracaena hyacinthoides (Sansevieria hyacinthoides)
- Elaeagnus pungens
- Elaeagnus umbellata
- Epipremnum pinnatum
- Eulophia graminea
- Ficus altissima
- Flacourtia indica
- Hemarthria altissima
- Heteropterys brachiata
- Hyparrhenia rufa
- Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa
- Kalanchoe pinnata
- Kalanchoe x houghtonii
- Koelreuteria elegans subsp. formosana
- Landoltia punctata (Spirodela punctata)
- Leucaena leucocephala
- Limnophila sessiliflora
- Livistona chinensis
- Macroptilium lathyroides
- Melaleuca viminalis (Callistemon viminalis)
- Melia azedarach
- Melinis minutiflora
- Mikania micrantha
- Momordica charantia
- Murraya paniculata
- Myriophyllum spicatum
- Passiflora biflora
- Phoenix reclinata
- Phyllostachys aurea
- Pittosporum pentandrum
- Platycerium bifurcatum
- Praxelis clematidea
- Pteris tripartita*
- Pteris vittata
- Ptychosperma elegans
- Richardia grandiflora
- Ricinus communis
- Rotala rotundifolia
- Ruellia blechum
- Selenicereus pteranthus*
- Sesbania punicea
- Sida planicaulis
- Solanum diphyllum
- Solanum torvum
- Spermacoce verticillata Does not include the native endemic Spermacoce neoterminalis.
- Sphagneticola trilobata (Wedelia triloba)
- Stachytarpheta cayennensis Produces a hybrid with the Florida native species Stachytarpheta jamaicensis known as Stachytarpheta x intercedens[145]
- Syagrus romanzoffiana
- Syzygium jambos
- Tabebuia heterophylla*
- Talipariti tiliaceum var. tiliaceum
- Terminalia catappa
- Terminalia muelleri
- Thelypteris dentata (Christella dentata)
- Tribulus cistoides
- Urochloa maxima (Panicum maximum)
- Vernicia fordii
- Vitex trifolia
- Washingtonia robusta
- Wisteria sinensis
- Xanthosoma sagittifolium
*Species added in 2023
See also
[edit]- List of amphibians of Florida
- List of birds of Florida
- List of mammals of Florida
- List of reptiles of Florida
- List of snakes of Florida
- Invasive species in the United States
- List of invasive species in the Everglades
- Fauna of Florida
References
[edit]- ^ "Florida's Exotic Fish and Wildlife". Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission.
- ^ Lieurance, Deah; Canavan, Susan; Behringer, Donald C.; Kendig, Amy E.; Minteer, Carey R.; Reisinger, Lindsey S.; Romagosa, Christina M.; Flory, S. Luke; Lockwood, Julie L.; Anderson, Patti J.; Baker, Shirley M.; Bojko, Jamie; Bowers, Kristen E.; Canavan, Kim; Carruthers, Kelly (December 2023). "Identifying invasive species threats, pathways, and impacts to improve biosecurity". Ecosphere. 14 (12). doi:10.1002/ecs2.4711. ISSN 2150-8925.
- ^ Dawson, Wayne; Moser, Dietmar; van Kleunen, Mark; Kreft, Holger; Pergl, Jan; Pyšek, Petr; Weigelt, Patrick; Winter, Marten; Lenzner, Bernd; Blackburn, Tim M.; Dyer, Ellie E.; Cassey, Phillip; Scrivens, Sally L.; Economo, Evan P.; Guénard, Benoit (12 June 2017). "Global hotspots and correlates of alien species richness across taxonomic groups". Nature Ecology & Evolution. 1 (7): 1–7. doi:10.1038/s41559-017-0186. hdl:10256/14947. ISSN 2397-334X.
- ^ Kotala, Zenaida (26 February 2016). "Florida Declared a Global Biodiversity Hotspot". University of Central Florida News | UCF Today. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
- ^ "Axis axis (Indian spotted deer)". www.cabi.org.
- ^ "Gambian Pouched Rat Flyer FWC" (PDF).
- ^ "WEC446/UW491: Nonnative Monkey Populations of Florida: History, Status, and Potential Impacts". Ask IFAS - Powered by EDIS. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ "vervet monkey (Chlorocebus aethiops) - EDDMapS State Distribution - EDDMapS". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ Ober, Holly K.; DeGroote, Lucas W.; Mizell, Russell F. (2 November 2017). "Baiting the Nine-Banded Armadillo". UF/IFAS Extension. University of Florida. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
- ^ Taulman, J F; Robbins, L W (1996). "Recent range expansion and distributional limits of the nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) in the United States". Journal of Biogeography. 23 (5): 635–648. Bibcode:1996JBiog..23..635T. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.1996.tb00024.x.
- ^ "Domestic Cats Whitepaper" (PDF).
- ^ Parker, Brandon; Anderson, C. Jane; Romagosa, Christina M.; Wisely, Samantha M.; Pearson, Daniel; Seyjagat, John; Sayler, Katherine Ashley (22 January 2018). "Status of Capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris Rodentia: Hydrochaeridae) and Potential for Establishment in Florida: WEC393/UW438, 12/2017". EDIS. 2018 (1): 5–5. doi:10.32473/edis-uw438-2017. ISSN 2576-0009.
- ^ "rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) - EDDMapS State Distribution - EDDMapS". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ "Rhesus Macaque". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
- ^ "Land Mammals - House Mouse". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
- ^ Griffo, James V. (1957). "The Status of the Nutria in Florida". Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences. 20 (3): 209–215. ISSN 0015-3850.
- ^ "Rattus norvegicus (brown rat)". www.cabi.org.
- ^ "Rattus rattus (black rat)". Retrieved 7 April 2024.
- ^ Tilmant, James T. (September 1980). Investigations of Rodent Damage to the Thatch Palms Thrinax morrisii and Thrinax radiata on Elliott Key, Biscayne National Park, Florida (PDF). Everglades National Park, South Florida Research Center (Technical report). National Park Service. M-589.
- ^ Palmer, Geoffrey H.; Koprowski, John L.; Pernas, Anthony J. (February 2014). "Distribution and spread of an introduced insular population of red-bellied squirrels (Sciurus aureogaster) in Florida". Mammalia. 78 (1): 67–73. doi:10.1515/mammalia-2012-0141. S2CID 53685731. Retrieved 2 December 2022.
- ^ "Wild Hog". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
- ^ "Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes)" (PDF). Florida State Parks. Florida Department of Environmental Protection. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
- ^ "Vulpes vulpes (red fox)". www.cabi.org.
- ^ Davis, Jim (28 December 2022). "Wildlife & Invasive Species Education™ (WISE) Species Profile: The Egyptian Goose". UF/IFAS Extension Sumter County. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ "cairina moschata (muscovy duck)". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
- ^ "rock pigeon (Columba livia) - EDDMapS State Distribution - EDDMapS". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ "Columba livia (pigeons)". www.cabi.org.
- ^ "Passer domesticus (house sparrow)". www.cabi.org.
- ^ "Pavo cristatas (Peacock)". sciencing.com.
- ^ "Pycnonotus jocosus (Red-whiskered bulbul)". www.cabi.org.
- ^ "Eurasian Collared-Dove | Audubon Field Guide". www.audubon.org. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
- ^ Tracey, John; Gehrke, Brandon (2022). "Sturnus vulgaris (common starling)". CABI Compendium. CABI Compendium: 51979. doi:10.1079/cabicompendium.51979. S2CID 253611022.
- ^ "Sturnus Vulgaris (European starling)". www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/European_starling/overview.
- ^ "Peter's rock agama (Agama picticauda) - EDDMapS State Distribution". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
- ^ "Leaping lizards! Does South Florida have an influx of new species?". news.miami.edu. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ "knight anole (Anolis equestris) - EDDMapS State Distribution". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ Camposano, Brian J.; Krysko, Kenneth L.; Enge, Kevin M.; Donlan, Ellen M.; Granatosky, Michael (1 December 2008). "The Knight Anole (Anolis equestris) in Florida". Iguana. 15 (4): 212–219. ISSN 2330-3948.
- ^ "Brown anole". www.tsusinvasives.org. Retrieved 23 January 2020.
- ^ "Boa constrictor imperator". Global Invasive Species Database.
- ^ "Boa constrictor (common boa)". www.nationalgeographic.com/animal/reptile/fact/boa-constrictor. 10 September 2010. Archived from the original on 25 February 2021.
- ^ "Range of American crocodiles and caimans in Florida".
- ^ "(PDF) Adverse Encounters With Alligators in the United States/ An Update".
- ^ "veiled chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus) - EDDMapS State Distribution". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ "WEC456/UW501: Florida's Introduced Reptiles: Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus), Oustalet's Chameleon (Furcifer oustaleti), and Panther Chameleon (Furcifer pardalis)". Ask IFAS - Powered by EDIS. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ "Ctenosaura similis (black spiny-tailed iguana)". www.cabi.org.
- ^ "Hemidactylus frenatus (common house gecko)". www.cabi.org.
- ^ "Focal Species: Mediterranean Gecko" (PDF). ufl.edu. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
- ^ Krysko, Kenneth L; Enge, Kevin M; Donlan, Ellen M; Seitz, Jason C (2007), "Distribution, Natural History, and Impacts of the Introduced Green Iguana in Florida", Iguana: Conservation, Natural History, and Husbandry of Reptiles, International Reptile Conservation Foundation, 14 (3): 142–151
- ^ Reptiles. Burmese python myfwc.com [dead link]
- ^ "Northern African Python". Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission.
- ^ "Python sebae (African rock python)". www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/florida-snake-id/snake/african-rock-python/. 17 August 2020.
- ^ "WEC295/UW340: Florida Invader: Tegu Lizard".
- ^ "Trachemys scripta elegans (red-eared slider)". www.cabi.org.
- ^ "Nile monitor (Varanus niloticus) - EDDMapS State Distribution". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ "Welcome to Cape Coral, FL". www.capecoral.gov. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
- ^ "Eleutherodactylus coqui (Caribbean tree frog)". www.cabi.org.
- ^ "Greenhouse Frog (Eleutherodactylus planirostris)". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
- ^ "WEC320/UW365: The Invasion of Exotic Reptiles and Amphibians in Florida".
- ^ IFAS Extension [dead link]
- ^ "Acanthogobius flavimanus". www.cabi.org.
- ^ "Astronotus ocellatus (oscar)". www.cabi.org.
- ^ "Pike Killifish (Belonesox belizanus) - Species Profile". nas.er.usgs.gov.
- ^ "Channa argus argus (northern snakehead)". www.cabi.org.
- ^ "Bullseye Snakehead". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
- ^ "Clown Knifefish". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
- ^ "butterfly peacock bass (Cichla ocellaris) - EDDMapS State Distribution - EDDMapS". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ https://www.fws.gov/sites/default/files/documents/Ecological-Risk-Screening-Summary-Butterfly-Peacock-Bass.pdf
- ^ "black acara (Cichlasoma bimaculatum) - EDDMapS State Distribution - EDDMapS". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ "Black Acara". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
- ^ "Mayan cichlid (Cichlasoma urophthalma) - EDDMapS State Distribution - EDDMapS". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ "Cichlasoma urophthalmum (Mayan cichlid)". www.cabi.org.
- ^ "walking catfish (Clarias batrachus) - EDDMapS State Distribution - EDDMapS". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ "Clarias batrachus (walking catfish)". www.cabi.org.
- ^ "Cyprinus carpio". Global Invasive Species Database.
- ^ "Cyprinus carpio". www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/aquatic/fish-and-other-vertebrates/asian-carp.
- ^ "Hemichromis letourneuxi (African jewelfish)". www.cabi.org.
- ^ "African jewelfish (Hemichromis letourneuxi) - EDDMapS State Distribution". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
- ^ "Monopterus albus (Asian swamp eel)". www.cabi.org.
- ^ "Blue Tilapia". Florida Fish And Wildlife Conservation Commission.
- ^ "Tilapia mariae (spotted tilapia)". www.cabi.org.
- ^ O'Connor, Rick (23 February 2018). "How is the Lionfish Program Going?". UF/IFAS Extension Escambia County. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
- ^ "lionfish (Pterois volitans/miles) - Species Profile". nas.er.usgs.gov.
- ^ "Aedes albopictus (Asian tiger mosquito) _ CABI Compendium".
- ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/3459
- ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/121715
- ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/5668
- ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/6221
- ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/6362
- ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/18756
- ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/109209
- ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/10680
- ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/16743
- ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/57239
- ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/15284
- ^ a b c d "Chouvenc, Thomas, Rudolf H. Scheffrahn, and Lyle Buss. "Termite Species Distribution in Florida and UF Termite Identification Services: ENY-2079/IN1360, 05/2022." EDIS 2022.3 (2022)". Retrieved 7 April 2024.
- ^ "freshwater golden clam (Corbicula fluminea) - EDDMapS State Distribution - EDDMapS". EDDMapS.org. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ "basket clam (Corbicula fluminea) - Species Profile". USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/108329
- ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/16441
- ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/86848
- ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/19035
- ^ http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/MISC/BEES/green_orchid_bee.htm
- ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/25242 Glycaspis brimblecombei
- ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/26515
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- ^ http://www.nyis.info/index.php?action=invasive_detail&id=66 New York Invasive Species Information – New York State's gateway to science-based invasive species information
- ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/40171
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- ^ http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1653/0015-4040(2008)091%5B0001%3APBLIFB%5D2.0.CO%3B2 Potential Biodiversity Loss in Florida Bromeliad Phytotelmata due to Metamasius callizona (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae), an Invasive Species
- ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/37683
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- ^ https://www.invasive.org/gist/products/gallery/parlo1.html TNC Global Invasive Species Team page
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- ^ https://www.wptv.com/news/region-c-palm-beach-county/loxahatchee-acreage/toxic-new-guinea-flatworm-surfaces-in-south-florida Invasive New Guinea flatworm surfaces in PBC
- ^ https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.aspx?SpeciesID=2633
- ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/108975
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- ^ https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/120728
- ^ "2023-FiSC-Plant-List-Brochure-11-27-23".
- ^ Iannone, Basil; Carnevale, Shannon; Main, Martin; Hill, Jeff; McConnell, Julie; Johnson, Steven; Enloe, Stephen; Andreu, Michael; Bell, Emily; Cuda, James; Baker, Shirley (1 June 2020). "Invasive Species Terminology: Standardizing for Stakeholder Education". The Journal of Extension. 58 (3). doi:10.34068/joe.58.03.27. ISSN 1077-5315.
- ^ a b "Florida Invasive Species Council".
- ^ "List of invasive plant species" (PDF). Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council. 2013.
- ^ "2019 Plant list" (PDF). bugwoodcloud.org. Retrieved 7 April 2024.
- ^ https://www.floridainvasives.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/2023-FISC-Plant-List-11-27-23.xlsx
- ^ "2023 FISC Watch List - Florida Invasive Species Partnership". 15 April 2024. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
- ^ https://bugwoodcloud.org/CDN/fleppc/plantlists/ProperUses2.pdf
- ^ "Assessments - UF/IFAS Assessment - University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Science".
- ^ a b "Plant List - Florida Invasive Species Partnership".
- ^ Evans, Jason M. (2013). "Pistia stratiotes L. in the Florida Peninsula: Biogeographic Evidence and Conservation Implications of Native Tenure for an ′Invasive′ Aquatic Plant". Conservation and Society. 11 (3): 233. doi:10.4103/0972-4923.121026. ISSN 0972-4923.
- ^ "Invasive Species: Aquatic Species - Water Lettuce (Pistia stratiotes)". National Invasive Species Information Center. National Agricultural Library, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 22 March 2014.
- ^ "Pinellas Chapter FNPS -- Florida Native Plant Society".