Iron Guard Guardia de Hierro | |
|---|---|
 | |
| President | Alejandro "Gallego" Álvarez |
| Founder | Alejandro "Gallego" Álvarez, Héctor Tristán |
| Founded | 1962 |
| Dissolved | 1974 |
| Headquarters | Buenos Aires, Argentina |
| Ideology | Orthodox Peronism[1] Trotskyist sectarianist[2] |
| Political position | Big tent Factions:[2][3][4] Far-left to far-right |
The Iron Guard (Spanish: Guardia de Hierro; abbreviated as GH) was an Argentinian political organisation[4] with its headquarters in Buenos Aires. It followed the political movement of Peronism,[5] more precisely its orthodox variant.[1] It was founded in 1962 by Alejandro "Gallego" Álvarez and Héctor Tristán, both members of the Peronist resistance. These two were against the policies of Augusto Vandor and the dictatorship of Juan Carlos Onganía. Left-wing members like Roberto Grabois, a socialist, would later join the Iron Guard. Other notable members were Amelia Podetti (a philosopher and writer), Julio Bárbaro (a politician) and Roberto Roitman (an economist).[4] The Iron Guard was related to the Student National Front (FEN).[5]
After the death of Juan Perón, the group was dissolved, although a "sector" led by Álvarez continued its political activities. This sector allied with Isabel Perón in 1975 to avoid a possible coup.[4]
See also[edit]
- Iron Guard, the Romanian movement and party of the same name
References[edit]
- ^ a b Besoky, Juan Luis. Loyal and Orthodox, the Peronist right. A coalition against revolutionary? (in Spanish). Argentina. pp. https://www.ungs.edu.ar/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Besoki.pdf.
Not all the Peronist organizations that were critical of the left can be encompassed within the right, such as the case of Guardia de Hierro, which later became the Unique Organization for Generational Transfer (OUTG). Taking into account the work carried out on this organization by Tarruella (2005), Anchou and Bartoletti (2008) and Cucchetti (2010), among others, it would be pertinent to place it in the political center, at a more or less equidistant distance (depending on the moment) from the right and left of Peronism. In this case it would be more appropriate to locate them within the field of orthodox Peronism but not of the right.
- ^ a b Cucchetti, Humberto (2013). "¿Derechas peronistas? Organizaciones militantes entre nacionalismo, cruzada anti-montoneros y profesionalización política". Open Edition Journals.
La Guardia de Hierro, que ya ha comenzado a ser indagada de manera más o menos sistemática, tuvo un recorrido mucho más rico que lo indicado por las diferentes memorias en cuestión. Nacida a principios de los años 1960 y de los bastiones más intransigentes de la Resistencia peronista, un vector claro atravesó a tal grupo peronista: un anticapitalismo intransigente a disposición del regreso de Perón al país. Tal anticapitalismo, así como una concepción maximalista e insurreccional del método político, la hicieron tributaria de acusaciones que la veían dentro del izquierdismo radical. Guardia de Hierro era, o bien la expresión de un "sectarismo trotskista" o bien, para una parte de la primera Juventud Peronista, una agrupación de "reconocida tendencia marxista".
- ^ "Julio Bárbaro: "Los candidatos que tiene el peronismo para 2015 son Scioli y De la Sota"". CadenaBA (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-03-18.
- ^ a b c d Recalde, Aritz (18 March 2013). "Guardia de Hierro: historia de una mistificación". Agencia Paco Urondo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 7 August 2016. Retrieved 27 May 2016.
- ^ a b Anchou, Ángeles (2007). "De marxistas a peronistas: los militantes del FEN y la conformación de la OUTG". XI Jornadas Interescuelas/Departamentos de Historia (in Spanish). San Miguel de Tucumán: Departamento de Historia. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Universidad de Tucumán.