For visual identification of one of the individuals this article is in relation to. It is intended to populate the infobox of the article related to the crimes committed by Lawrence Bittaker. The other reasons for the usage of this cropped, black and white, low quality image upon the article in question can be found here
Not replaceable with free media because (WP:NFCC#1)
* Image dates from subject's trial and was taken in February of 1981; no historical free images exist
The image has also been widely distributed outside of Wikipedia in much greater size and quality, in addition to versions not tinted in color.
* Image is black-and-white, whereas original is color.
This 196x181 image is of a lower resolution quality than the original.
It is believed the intention to use this image is within the guidelines under the 'Non- profit clause' of the US Fair Usage doctrine within the English Language Wikipedia.
Image has already been reproduced extensively by the media since 1981. This image has been widely distributed outside of Wikipedia in much greater sizes. No free alternative exists. This low quality reproduction photograph can be reasonably described as "irreplaceable" and meets the Non-free content criteria.
As explained above, this image has no free equivalent; therefore meeting the Wikipedia guideline (NFCC1).
As explained elsewhere in rationale summary; the intended content of this reduced size, low quality and skewed image is not intended for use in a manner detrimental in any way to the original copyrighted media (NFCC2)
This image is to be used in the infobox only upon the Lawrence Bittaker and Roy Norris article (NFCC3)
Image already been widely distributed in the media, via various methods, since 1981 & in doing so, this image has been displayed in both a better visual quality, in color, in a greater size than the one used here, and in a higher resolution (NFCC4)
Image is pertinent to significant section of the article. Encyclopaedic depiction of individual whole article is in relation to (NFCC5)
Relevant to section in question; and would significantly increase readers' understanding of the topic. Plus the image will be used in this article only (NFCC6 & NFCC7)
The specific name of the file, plus the specific nature of the acts committed by this individual (in addition to the low quality of the image) make ambiguous usage of the image unlikely (NFCC9)
The date and source of the image has been named. This meets the Non free use rationale guidelines outlined by Wikipedia (NFCC10)
The usage of this image upon only the English-language version of Wikipedia to illustrate the infobox of the article relating to the person depicted falls under both the "Non-profit", "educational" and "portion used in relation to the copyrighted work" clauses of the Fair Use principle, currently upheld by United States law. (17 U.S.C. § 107)
Fair useFair use of copyrighted material in the context of Lawrence Bittaker and Roy Norris//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lawrence_Sigmund_Bittaker_trial_1981.jpgtrue