Legality of Cannabis by U.S. Jurisdiction

Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Rupples (talk | contribs)
Extended confirmed users
8,041 edits
→‎History: reopening
Rupples (talk | contribs)
Extended confirmed users
8,041 edits
Line 31: Line 31:
{{cite web |author=David Stowell|title=Wast Hill Tunnel Southern portal|url=https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/151865|work= |publisher= |year=|accessdate=3 March 2015}}
{{cite web |author=David Stowell|title=Wast Hill Tunnel Southern portal|url=https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/151865|work= |publisher= |year=|accessdate=3 March 2015}}
</ref> It is wide enough to accommodate two [[narrow boat]]s but there is no [[towpath]].<ref name=dargue>
</ref> It is wide enough to accommodate two [[narrow boat]]s but there is no [[towpath]].<ref name=dargue>
{{cite web |author=William Dargue|title=Hawkesley, Hawkesley End - West Heath|url=http://billdargue.jimdo.com/placenames-gazetteer-a-to-y/places-h/hawkesley-west-heath/|work= |publisher= |year=|accessdate=3 March 2015}}
{{cite web |author=William Dargue|title=Hawkesley, Hawkesley End - West Heath|url=http://billdargue.jimdo.com/placenames-gazetteer-a-to-y/places-h/hawkesley-west-heath/|work= |publisher= |year=|accessdate=3 March 2015}}</ref>
</ref>



== History ==
== History ==
Until 1904 canal boats were legged through the tunnel; it took three hours to navigate. Leggers were replaced by a steam tug to pull a chain of barges through.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lewis |first=Clem |date=23 November 1979 |title=Eerie journey in deadly Wast Hill |page=front |work=[[Birmingham Evening Mail]] |url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/BL/0002139/19791123/001/0001 |url-access=subscription |access-date=3 September 2023 |via=[[British Newspaper Archive]]}}</ref>
Until 1904 canal boats were legged through the tunnel; it took three hours to navigate. Leggers were replaced by a steam tug to pull a chain of barges through.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lewis |first=Clem |date=23 November 1979 |title=Eerie journey in deadly Wast Hill |page=front |work=[[Birmingham Evening Mail]] |url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/BL/0002139/19791123/001/0001 |url-access=subscription |access-date=3 September 2023 |via=[[British Newspaper Archive]]}}</ref> The tunnel used to carry telegraph lines placed through iron brackets attached to the roof.<ref>{{Cite book |url=http://archive.org/details/nicholsonsouth4t0000unse |title=Ordnance Survey Guide to the Waterways I. South |publisher=[[Ordnance Survey]] & [[Nicholson Guides]] |isbn=978-0-948576-31-7 |edition=4th |publication-date=1989 |page=189 |language=en |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> On 23 November 1979, two workmen were killed when part of the tunnel roof collapsed while undergoing repair.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bailey |first=Jackie |first2=Keith |last2=Wootton |date=23 November 1979 |title=Men die in city tunnel tomb |page=front |work=[[Birmingham Evening Mail]] |url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/BL/0002139/19791123/001/0001 |url-access=subscription |access-date=3 September 2023 |via=British Newspaper Archive}}</ref> The tunnel remained closed until 30 May 1981.<ref>{{Cite news |date=30 May 1981 |title=Death tunnel re-opens |page=front |work=[[Birmingham Evening Mail]] |url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0002139/19810530/003/0003 |url-access=subscription |access-date=3 September 2023 |via=British Newspaper Archive}}</ref>
On 23 November 1979, two workmen were killed when part of the tunnel roof collapsed while undergoing repair.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bailey |first=Jackie |first2=Keith |last2=Wootton |date=23 November 1979 |title=Men die in city tunnel tomb |page=front |work=[[Birmingham Evening Mail]] |url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/BL/0002139/19791123/001/0001 |url-access=subscription |access-date=3 September 2023 |via=British Newspaper Archive}}</ref> The tunnel remained closed until 30 May 1981.<ref>{{Cite news |date=30 May 1981 |title=Death tunnel re-opens |page=front |work=[[Birmingham Evening Mail]] |url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0002139/19810530/003/0003 |url-access=subscription |access-date=3 September 2023 |via=British Newspaper Archive}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==

Revision as of 16:41, 3 September 2023

Wast Hill Tunnel
Southern portal
Overview
LocationHawkesley, Birmingham, West Midlands, and Worcestershire, England
Coordinates52°23′25″N 1°56′24″W / 52.3902°N 1.9400°W / 52.3902; -1.9400
OS grid referenceSP041769
StatusOpen
WaterwayWorcester and Birmingham Canal
Start52°24′00″N 1°55′51″W / 52.39991°N 1.93096°W / 52.39991; -1.93096 (Northern portal)
End52°22′50″N 1°56′56″W / 52.38066°N 1.94890°W / 52.38066; -1.94890 (Southern portal)
Operation
Constructed1796-97
OwnerCanal & River Trust
Technical
Design engineerThomas Cartwright
Length2,726 yards (2,492.7 m)
WidthDouble
TowpathNo
Boat-passableYes

Wast Hill Tunnel is a canal tunnel on the Worcester and Birmingham Canal. Its northern portal is in Hawkesley, Birmingham. Its southern portal is in fields just outside the city's boundaries, in Worcestershire.[1]

Construction and measurements

The Wast Hill Tunnel was built in 1796 and is 2,726 yards (2,493 m) long, making it one of the longest in the country.[1] There are several ventilation shafts along its length which were initially used for the tunnel's construction.[2] It is wide enough to accommodate two narrow boats but there is no towpath.[3]


History

Until 1904 canal boats were legged through the tunnel; it took three hours to navigate. Leggers were replaced by a steam tug to pull a chain of barges through.[4] The tunnel used to carry telegraph lines placed through iron brackets attached to the roof.[5] On 23 November 1979, two workmen were killed when part of the tunnel roof collapsed while undergoing repair.[6] The tunnel remained closed until 30 May 1981.[7]

References

  1. ^ a b "Worcester & Birmingham Canal". Retrieved 2 March 2015.
  2. ^ The central airshaft once had a steam driven fan for smoke clearance. David Stowell. "Wast Hill Tunnel Southern portal". Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  3. ^ William Dargue. "Hawkesley, Hawkesley End - West Heath". Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  4. ^ Lewis, Clem (23 November 1979). "Eerie journey in deadly Wast Hill". Birmingham Evening Mail. p. front. Retrieved 3 September 2023 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  5. ^ Ordnance Survey Guide to the Waterways I. South (4th ed.). Ordnance Survey & Nicholson Guides. 1989. p. 189. ISBN 978-0-948576-31-7 – via Internet Archive.
  6. ^ Bailey, Jackie; Wootton, Keith (23 November 1979). "Men die in city tunnel tomb". Birmingham Evening Mail. p. front. Retrieved 3 September 2023 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  7. ^ "Death tunnel re-opens". Birmingham Evening Mail. 30 May 1981. p. front. Retrieved 3 September 2023 – via British Newspaper Archive.
source: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wast_Hill_Tunnel&diff=prev&oldid=1173631769