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If available, personnel of the Bandera’s OUN People's militia should use captured Soviet Army uniform with yellow-blue armband at the left sleeve. If unavailable, it should be a white armband with text in Ukrainian “People's Militia”({{lang-uk| ''Народна Міліція ''}}).<ref>p. 130 ОУН в 1941 році: документи: В 2-х частинах Ін-т історії України НАН України - OUN in 1941: Documents: in 2 volumes Institute of History of Ukraine Ukraine National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine K. 2006 ISBN 966-02-2535-0</ref>
If available, personnel of the Bandera’s OUN People's militia should use captured Soviet Army uniform with yellow-blue armband at the left sleeve. If unavailable, it should be a white armband with text in Ukrainian “People's Militia”({{lang-uk| ''Народна Міліція ''}}).<ref>p. 130 ОУН в 1941 році: документи: В 2-х частинах Ін-т історії України НАН України - OUN in 1941: Documents: in 2 volumes Institute of History of Ukraine Ukraine National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine K. 2006 ISBN 966-02-2535-0</ref>


==Actions against civilian population==
At early days of it appearance People's Militia involved in the extermination of the soviet civil specialists which originated from East regions of the [[USSR]]. <ref>[http://history.org.ua/LiberUA/Book/Patr/9.pdf І.К. Патриляк. Військова діяльність ОУН(Б) у 1940—1942 роках. — Університет імені Шевченко \Ін-т історії України НАН України Київ, 2004] I.K Patrylyak. (2004). Military activities of the OUN (B) in the years 1940-1942. Kiev, Ukraine: Shevchenko University \ Institute of History of Ukraine National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. ISBN 966-02-2436-2 pg. 229 </ref> Militia personnel also arrested soviet official, communists and [[komsomol]] members, local activists, which they transferred to SD/ Gestapo or shot at place. <ref> pp.70-98, pp.245,253,291,317, 348 О. Дзюбан " Українське державотворення. Акт 30 червня 1941. Збірник документів і матеріалів. Львів - Київ, 2001 Піраміда ISBN: 966-02-2082-0</ref> <ref>Сергийчук В. (сост.) Відновлення Української держави в 1941 році. Нові документи і матеріали Українська видавнича спілка Львів 2001 ISBN: 966-7060-43-8</ref> <ref> ЦДАВО f 3833 l 2 f 32 pp 1-11 </ref>

==Assistance to Wehrmacht and SD==
[[Image:BanderaOUNPeoplemilitiareport1941c.jpg|thumb|200 px|Ukrainian People's Militia activity reports. July 1941]]
Before Germans arrivals with the assistance of the rural Ukrainian population and Bandera’s OUN partisan units they take part in disorganization of the Red Army rear. The People's Militia personnel captured and disarmed small Red army units, murdered the command staff and [[politruk]]s. When front-line moved East, People's Militia was involved in anti-partisan activities against remnants of the Red Army units – “protection of the Germans from a forest”. Unarmed starved soldiers and commanders of the Red Army, which come to villages for food, were captured and transferred to [[Nazi Germany|German]] [[concentration camps]] by People's Militia personnel, with local Ukrainian peasants assistance. Soviet partisans and anti-Nazi underground personnel and paratroopers were exterminated or exposed/reported to [[Sicherheitspolizei|Security police]]/ [[Gestapo|Secret police]] stations. <ref>[http://history.org.ua/LiberUA/Book/Patr/12.pdf І.К. Патриляк. Військова діяльність ОУН(Б) у 1940—1942 роках. — Університет імені Шевченко \Ін-т історії України НАН України Київ, 2004] I.K Patrylyak. (2004). Military activities of the OUN (B) in the years 1940-1942. Kiev, Ukraine: Shevchenko University \ Institute of History of Ukraine National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. pg. 229</ref> <ref> p.321,348 Орест Дзюбан " Українське державотворення. Акт 30 червня 1941. Збірник документів і матеріалів. Львів - Київ, 2001 Піраміда ISBN: 966-02-2082-0</ref><ref> ЦДАВО f 3833 l 2 f 32 pp 1-11 </ref>


==Role in the Holocaust==
==Role in the Holocaust==

Revision as of 14:43, 7 October 2010

Bandera`s OUN Militia join the Sicherheitspolizei/Gestapo. Celebration report. Stanislaviv August 1941. Occupied Eastern Poland
Ukrainian People's Militia
Activefrom 23 June 1941 to November 1941 (in rural areas)
Countryin alliance with Nazi Germany
RoleSecurity police Secret police
EngagementsHolocaust in Poland, Holocaust in Ukraine, Anti-partisan operations in Ukraine,
Commanders
Notable
commanders		Yevhen Vertsyona
Mykola Arsenych

Ukrainian People's Militia ([ Українська Народна Міліція ] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help)), was military formation[citation needed] by OUN-B[citation needed] in the General Government[citation needed] and later in the Reichskommissariat Ukraine,[citation needed] set up after Germany invaded the Soviet Union. It was made up of ethnic Ukrainians - Bandera’s OUN followers[citation needed] and constitute a main part of the Bandera’s OUN Sluzhba Bezpeky in second half of the 1941.[citation needed] In major cities it was almost immediately placed under command and within days incorporated into Nazi Germany Sicherheitspolizei/Gestapo ".[1] . In other places transformation into Ukrainian Auxiliary Police continued until end of September –October 1941. In rural areas it was disbanded or transformed into the Ukrainian Auxiliary Police by November 1941.[citation needed]

Members of the Ukrainian People's Militia also were given the task of registering all Jews and enforcing that they wore a yellow star on their clothing.[2][3][4]

Ukrainian People's Militia Instruction

Along with other ordinary tasks it was suggested that the Militia will stage actions against “hostile elements”:

... ... There are an elements (a “supporters of the regime and NKVD”) which at the time of the creation of the new revolutionary regime in Ukraine must be neutralized. These elements are:

  • The Muscovites dispatched at the Ukrainian lands to root the Moscow’s power in the Ukraine;
  • The Jews, individually and as a national group;
  • The foreigners, mostly are different Asians, which Moscow used to colonizes the Ukraine- to create the Ukraine ethnical chess board;
  • The Poles on the West Ukrainian lands, which did not give dreams to build the Great Poland, even just at the expense of the Ukrainian lands, even if Poland will became red. "[5]

The objectives of the "People's Militia" was to stage an initial "cleaning out of the NKVD personnel, Muscovites, Jews and others" as well as compiling lists of "noted in the harassment and persecution" of Ukrainians "- primarily" non-Ukrainians "- but actually the Jews, Muscovites and Poles." For urban commands of the People's Militia were "recommended" that ... after cleansing among the NKVD personnel, Muscovites, Jews and others it can begin to organize the proper life in the city. "

Also, "The People's Militia" had to act in such way that «the army and the authorities of the ally will see the benefit for their own from the existence of the People's Militia".[6]

State security department of the Militia

The Ukrainian People's Militia structure also included a "political department” - which is similar to the Gestapo (familiar to the OUN-R organization) - named as a "Secret State Police ".

[7]

Formation

On June 25, Yaroslav Stetsko wrote to Stepan Bandera that OUN had “formed a militia to remove the Jews”.[8] After the proclamation of the “Ukrainian Statehood with the leader of Stepan Bandera” in its government was created UDB (Department of the State Security). The July 2, 1941 Bandera’s OUN People's militia - established by Yaroslav Stetsko group at Lemberg - was placed under the command of the Security police and Secret police [9]

By August 7, 1941 Ukrainian People's Militia stations were established at most areas conquered by Wehrmacht including Lviv, Ternopil, Stanislavov, Lutsk, Rivne, Yavoriv, Kamenetz-Podolsk, Drogobych, Borislav, Dubno, Sambor, Kostopol, Sarny, Kozovyi, Zolochiv, Berezhany, Pidhaytsi, Kolomyya, Rava-Ruska, Gorodok, Obroshyno, Radekhiv, Gorodok, Kosovo, Terebovlia, Vyshnivtsi, Zbarazh, Zhytomyr and Fastov [10][11]

Uniform

File:BanderaOUNPeoplemilitiauniform1941.jpg
A policeman in Kiev, late September 1941. Reichskommissariat Ukraine
This file may be deleted at any time.

If available, personnel of the Bandera’s OUN People's militia should use captured Soviet Army uniform with yellow-blue armband at the left sleeve. If unavailable, it should be a white armband with text in Ukrainian “People's Militia”([ Народна Міліція ] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help)).[12]

Role in the Holocaust

June 25, 1941 Yaroslav Stetsko wrote to Stepan Bandera: "We are creating the militia, which helps to remove the Jewish population and protect our people".[13]

Members of the Ukrainian People's Militia took part in round-ups of Jews for mass executions and participate in it, escorted Jews to their forced labour sites and create an early ghettos.[14][15][16]

The Ukrainian militia participated in the Lviv pogroms. During the four-week pogrom from the end of June to early July 1941, 4,000 Jews were murdered.[17]

Transformation into the Ukrainian Auxiliary Police

In major cities it was almost immediately incorporated into Nazi Germany Sicherheitspolizei/Gestapo. In other places transformation into Ukrainian Auxiliary Police continued until end of September –October 1941. In rural areas it was disbanded or transformed into the Ukrainian Auxiliary Police by November 1941.

Activity reports

  • Bandera’s OUN Report

July 28, 1941

…

Our police now conducting with the German authorities numerous arrests of the Jews. Prior to the liquidation, Jews were tried to protected themselves in all ways, primarily in cash.

August 18, 1941

…. Ukrainian militia did not stop pillages, torments and killings. ... Poles equalized with Jews, and they are required to wear armbands on the sleeves. In many places the Ukrainian militia units formed a "Ukrainian Security Service", "Ukrainian Gestapo", etc. …

[18]

  • German report to OKW

December 2, 1941

Aktion moved in the main from east to west. It was carried out entirely in public, with the assistance of Ukrainian militia; in many cases, regrettably, also with the voluntary participation of members of the Wehrmacht. These Aktionen included aged men, women, and children of all ages, and the manner in which they were carried out was appalling. The gigantic number of executions involved in this Aktion is far greater than any similar measure undertaken in the Soviet Union up to now. Altogether about 150,000 to 200,000 Jews may have been executed in this section of the Ukraine belonging to the RK [Reichskommissariat];

[19]

Sources

  • ОУН в 1941 році: документи: В 2-х частинах Ін-т історії України НАН України - OUN in 1941: Documents: in 2 volumes Institute of History of Ukraine Ukraine National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine K. 2006 ISBN 966-02-2535-0
  • І.К. Патриляк. Військова діяльність ОУН(Б) у 1940—1942 роках. — Університет імені Шевченко \Ін-т історії України НАН України Київ, 2004
  • Pohl D. Nationalsozialistische Judenverfolgung in Ostgalizien 1941-1944: Organisation und Durchfuhrung eines staatlichen Massen-verbrechens. - Munich, 1997

See also

References

  1. ^ p.229-231 І.К. Патриляк. Військова діяльність ОУН(Б) у 1940—1942 роках. — Університет імені Шевченко \Ін-т історії України НАН України Київ, 2004- I.K Patrylyak. Military activities of theOUN (B) in the years 1940-1942. - Shevchenko University \ Institute of History of Ukraine National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine . Kyiv, 2004
  2. ^ p.232 І.К. Патриляк. Військова діяльність ОУН(Б) у 1940—1942 роках. — Університет імені Шевченко \Ін-т історії України НАН України Київ, 2004- I.K Patrylyak. Military activities of the OUN (B) in the years 1940-1942. - Shevchenko University \ Institute of History of Ukraine National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine . Kyiv, 2004
  3. ^ p.63 ДЗЬОБАК В.В. ІЛЬЮШИН І І.К. Патриляк. та інші Організація українських націоналістів і Українська повстанська армія \Ін-т історії України НАН України Київ, 2004- V.V.Dzyobak I.I. Ilyushyn I.K Patrylyak. and others Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists and Ukrainian Insurgent Army. - Institute of History of Ukraine National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine . Kyiv, 2004
  4. ^ p.348-349 Browning, Christopher. The Origins of the Final Solution: The Evolution of Nazi Jewish Policy, September 1939-March 1942. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2004. ISBN 0803213271
  5. ^ p.524 І.К. Патриляк. Військова діяльність ОУН(Б) у 1940—1942 роках. — Університет імені Шевченко \Ін-т історії України НАН України Київ, 2004 - i
  6. ^ p.550 І.К. Патриляк. Військова діяльність ОУН(Б) у 1940—1942 роках. — Університет імені Шевченко \Ін-т історії України НАН України Київ, 2004- I.K Patrylyak. Military activities of theOUN (B) in the years 1940-1942. - Shevchenko University \ Institute of History of Ukraine National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine . Kyiv, 2004
  7. ^ page. 7 Матеріали та документи Служби безпеки ОУН (б) у 1940-х рр. / Упоряд.: О. Є. Лисенко, І. К. Патриляк. – К.: Ін-т історії України НАН України, 2003. - Materials and documents of the Security Service of the OUN (b) in the 1940's. / Compiled by: A.E. Lysenko, I.K. Patrylyak. - K.: Institute of History of Ukraine, 2003 ISBN 966-02-2729-9
  8. ^ page 63 Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists and Ukrainian Insurgent Army Institute of History of Ukraine National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine . Kyiv, 2004
  9. ^ p.231 І.К. Патриляк. Військова діяльність ОУН(Б) у 1940—1942 роках. — Університет імені Шевченко \Ін-т історії України НАН України Київ, 2004- I.K Patrylyak. Military activities of theOUN (B) in the years 1940-1942. - Shevchenko University \ Institute of History of Ukraine National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine . Kyiv, 2004
  10. ^ pp 426-427 ОУН в 1941 році: документи: В 2-х частинах Ін-т історії України НАН України - OUN in 1941: Documents: in 2 volumes Institute of History of Ukraine Ukraine National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine K. 2006 ISBN 966-02-2535-0
  11. ^ p.230 І.К. Патриляк. Військова діяльність ОУН(Б) у 1940—1942 роках. — Університет імені Шевченко \Ін-т історії України НАН України Київ, 2004- I.K Patrylyak. Military activities of theOUN (B) in the years 1940-1942. - Shevchenko University \ Institute of History of Ukraine National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine . Kyiv, 2004
  12. ^ p. 130 ОУН в 1941 році: документи: В 2-х частинах Ін-т історії України НАН України - OUN in 1941: Documents: in 2 volumes Institute of History of Ukraine Ukraine National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine K. 2006 ISBN 966-02-2535-0
  13. ^ Karel Berhoff, Marco Carynnyk, "The Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists and Its Attitude toward Germans and Jews: Iaroslav Stets’ko’s 1941 Zhyttiepys", Harvard Ukrainian Studies XXIII (3/4) 1999, s. 154
  14. ^ І.К. Патриляк. Військова діяльність ОУН(Б) у 1940—1942 роках. — Університет імені Шевченко \Ін-т історії України НАН України Київ, 2004 (No ISBN p.228-241 .
  15. ^ THE DESTRUCTION OF THE JEWS OF LWÓW, 1941-1944 at Roads to Extinction: Essays on the Holocaust. Contributors: Philip Friedman - author, Ada June Friedman - editor. Publisher: Jewish Publication Society of America. Place of Publication: New York. Publication Year: 1980.
  16. ^ p.347-355 Browning, Christopher. The Origins of the Final Solution: The Evolution of Nazi Jewish Policy, September 1939-March 1942. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2004. ISBN 0803213271
  17. ^ Grzegorz Motyka, Ukraińska Partyzantka 1942-1960, Warszawa 2006, p. 98
  18. ^ ОУН в 1941 році: документи: В 2-х частинах Ін-т історії України НАН України - OUN in 1941: Documents: in 2 volumes Institute of History of Ukraine Ukraine National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine K. 2006 ISBN 966-02-2535-0
  19. ^ The Extermination of the Jews in the Ukraine (December 2, 1941) http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/Ukraine.html
source: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_People%27s_Militia&diff=prev&oldid=389326515