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The Prime Minister of Pakistan is the political leader of the country and the principle head of government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The office holder is responsible for nominating all other members of the government, chairing Cabinet meetings and deciding when to call a new general election for the National Assembly.[1] The office of Prime Minister was created immediately after the establishment of Pakistan, according to the Indian Independence Act, in 1947.[2][3]

Liaquat Ali Khan was appointed as the first Prime Minister by the Governor-General in 1947. However, his term ended when he was assassinated in 1951.[4] Seven different Prime Ministers served between 1951 and 1957. The office was dissolved by Iskander Mirza in 1958 until Yahya Khan appointed Nurul Amin as Prime Minister in 1971, although he held the post for only thirteen days.[5][6][7] Under the 1973 constitution of Pakistan, the post was recreated and Zulfikar Ali Bhutto became the Prime Minister. Bhutto was overthrown by Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq during Operation Fair Play in 1977, the position abolished and Zia became Chief Martial Law Administrator.[8][9] Muhammad Khan Junejo was appointed as Prime Minister by Zia in 1985, and subsequently dismissed under the Eighth Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan in 1988.[5]

Benazir Bhutto and Nawaz Sharif predominantly held the position between 1988 and 1999. Both were elected for two non-consecutive terms each: Bhutto held the position during 1988–90 and 1993–96;[10] and Sharif held the post during 1990–93 and 1997–99.[11] With thirteenth and fourteenth amendments to the constitution, Sharif became the most powerful Prime Minister in the country's history since independence in 1947.[12] He, during his two terms, remained in the office for the longest period with five years and four months approximately.[2] Sharif was overthrown by Pervez Musharraf through a military coup d'état in 1999.[13]

The post was empty until Zafarullah Khan Jamali took the office after the 2002 elections.[14] The current Prime Minister of Pakistan is Raja Pervez Ashraf of the Pakistan People's Party, who was elected on 25 June 2012, after the disqualification of Yousaf Raza Gillani by the Supreme Court of Pakistan over contempt of court on 19 June 2012.[15][16] Of the twenty-two Prime Ministers who have held office since 1947, seventeen have been elected by the National Assembly, and five have served as caretakers.[2][3]

Key

Symbol Meaning
A Caretaker Prime Minister
PML † Pakistan Muslim League
AL ↑ Awami League
RP + Republican Party
align=center style="background-color:Template:Pakistan Peoples Party/meta/color" | PPP § Pakistan Peoples Party
NPP ↓ National Peoples Party
align=center style="background-color:Template:Pakistan Muslim League (N)/meta/color" | PML (N) ‡ Pakistan Muslim League (N)
align=center style="background-color:Template:Pakistan Muslim League (Q)/meta/color" | PML (Q) $ Pakistan Muslim League (Q)
INDT * Independent
Post abolished # Position abolished/vacant

Prime Ministers

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–death) 		Took office Left office Elections
(National Assembly) 		Political party
(Alliance) 		Note(s) Ref(s)
1 A black-and-white head and shoulder shoot of a man with spetacles, wearing coat and a tie. Liaquat Ali Khan
(1896–1951) 		14 August 1947 16 October 1951
(assassinated) 		— Pakistan Muslim League PML † Indo-Pakistani War of 1947 and Balochistan conflict: faced a war with India on the Kashmir conflict in 1947–48 and the Balochistan conflict.[17][18] Five-year plan: initiated science and technology, development of educational infrastructure, and economic policies.[19] Objectives Resolution: presented a prelude to future constitutions in the Constituent Assembly.[5] [20][21]
2 A black-and-white head ean shoulder shoot of a man wearing coat and Jinnah cap. Khawaja Nazimuddin
(1894–1964) 		17 October 1951 17 April 1953 — Pakistan Muslim League PML † Nazimuddin became Prime Minister of Pakistan after the assassination of Liaquat Ali Khan in 1951. The Bengali Language Movement, a political movement, rose in East Bengal during his term.[22] [2]
3 A black-and-white head ean shoulder shoot of a man wearing white shirt and a black tie. Muhammad Ali Bogra
(1909–1963) 		17 April 1953 12 August 1955 — Pakistan Muslim League PML † A relatively unknown personality to Pakistani politics, Bogra replaced Khwaja Nazimuddin as Prime Minister. He introduced a form of constitution, bicameral legislature, known as "Bogra Formula". [2][5]
4 — Chaudhry Muhammad Ali
(1905–1980) 		12 August 1955 12 September 1956 — Pakistan Muslim League PML † Ali merged the four provinces of West Pakistan into One Unit. His greatest achievement was the formation of a new constitution for Pakistan.[8] [2][5]
5 A black-and-white head and shoulder shoot of a man. Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy
(1892–1963) 		12 September 1956 17 October 1957 — Awami League AL ↑ Suhrawardy established the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission.[23] [2]
6 A man in spetacles, wearing coat ant tie. Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar
(1898–1968) 		17 October 1957 16 December 1957 — Pakistan Muslim League PML † Chundrigar was appointed by Iskander Mirza after the resignation of Suhrawardy. [2]
7 — Feroz Khan Noon
(1893–1970) 		16 December 1957 7 October 1958 — Republican Party RP + Noon was elected as the seventh Prime Minister of Pakistan. He was dismissed during the 1958 Pakistani coup d'état.[6] [2]
Post abolished (7 October 1958 – 7 December 1971) #
8 — Nurul Amin
(1893–1974) 		7 December 1971 20 December 1971 7 December 1970 Pakistan Muslim League PML † Amin was appointed by Yahya Khan as the eighth Prime Minister of Pakistan; he was also the first and the only Vice President of Pakistan from 1970 to 1972, leading Pakistan in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. [2][7]
Post abolished (20 December 1971 – 14 August 1973) #
9 A man during a conversation. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
(1928–1979) 		14 August 1973 5 July 1977 14 August 1973 Pakistan People's Party align=center style="background-color: Template:Pakistan Peoples Party/meta/color" | PPP § The founder of Pakistan's atomic bomb programme, and Father of nuclear deterrence programme.[24] During his term, the constitution of Pakistan was made;[5] he introduced land and agriculture reforms and socialist economics policies.[25] He was deposed in the 1977 Pakistani coup d'état by General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq in July 1977.[9] [2][26]
Post abolished (5 July 1977 – 24 March 1985) #
10 — Muhammad Khan Junejo
(1932–1993) 		24 March 1985 29 May 1988 28 February 1985 Independent
(Pakistan Muslim League) 		INDT * Junejo was elected as the tenth Prime Minister of Pakistan in non-party based elections in 1985. [2][5]
Post abolished (24 March 1985 – 2 December 1988) #
11 A head and shoulder shoot of a woman in triditional Pakistani dress. Benazir Bhutto
(1953–2007) 		2 December 1988 6 August 1990 16 November 1988 Pakistan People's Party align=center style="background-color: Template:Pakistan Peoples Party/meta/color" | PPP § Bhutto became the first woman in Pakistan to head a major political party, in 1988. Six years later, she became the first woman elected to lead a Muslim state.[10][27] [21]
A — Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi
(1931–2009) 		6 August 1990 6 November 1990 — National Peoples Party NPP ↓ Jatoi was appointed by President Ghulam Ishaq Khan as a caretaker Prime Minister. [28]
12 A head and shoulder shoot of a man from the left. Nawaz Sharif
(1949– ) 		6 November 1990 18 April 1993 24 October 1990 Pakistan Muslim League (N) align=center style="background-color: Template:Pakistan Muslim League (N)/meta/color" | PML (N) § Sharif was elected as the 12th Prime Minister of Pakistan on 1 November 1990.[29] Sharif launched privatisation and economic liberalisation to elevate the national economy, and strengthened the private-sector of the country.[11] [11]
A — Balakh Sher Mazari
(1928–2011) 		18 April 1993 26 May 1993 — Pakistan People's Party align=center style="background-color: Template:Pakistan Peoples Party/meta/color" | PPP § Appointed by the President Khan as a caretaker Prime Minister, Mazari's term ended when the Supreme Court overturned the Presidential order and restored Sharif's government. [2]
(12) A head and shoulder shoot of a man from the left. Nawaz Sharif
(1949– ) 		26 May 1993 18 July 1993 24 October 1990 Pakistan Muslim League (N) align=center style="background-color: Template:Pakistan Muslim League (N)/meta/color" | PML (N) ‡ Sharif survived a serious constitutional crisis when President Khan attempted to dismiss him under article 58-2b, in April 1993, but he successfully challenged the decision in the Supreme Court.[11] Sharif resigned from the post negotiating a settlement that resulted in the removal of President as well, in July 1993.[30] [11]
A — Moeenuddin Ahmad Qureshi
(1930– ) 		18 July 1993 19 October 1993 — Independent INDT * After Sharif's resignation in July 1993, Qureshi was appointed as the caretaker Prime Minister. [2]
(11) A head and shoulder shoot of a man from the left. Benazir Bhutto
(1953–2007) 		19 October 1993 5 November 1996 6 October 1993 Pakistan People's Party align=center style="background-color: Template:Pakistan Peoples Party/meta/color" | PPP § Bhutto was re-elected for a second term, in 1993. She survived an attempted coup d'état in 1995, and stubbornness and authoritative actions earned her the nickname "Iron Lady" of the country.[31] [10][21]
A — Malik Meraj Khalid
(1916–2003) 		5 November 1996 17 February 1997 — Independent INDT * Khalid was appointed as a caretaker Prime Minister after the dismissal of Bhutto's government in November 1993. [2][32]
(12) A head and shoulder shoot of a man from the left. Nawaz Sharif
(1949– ) 		17 February 1997 12 October 1999 3 February 1997 Pakistan Muslim League (N) align=center style="background-color: Template:Pakistan Muslim League (N)/meta/color" | PML (N) ‡ Sharif was re-elected as Prime Minister with an exclusive mandate from all over Pakistan for a non-consecutive second term, in February 1997.[12][33] He notably ordered Pakistan's first nuclear tests in response to India's second nuclear tests, in May 1998.[34] Sharif's government was deposed by General Pervez Musharraf in October 1999, and Martial law was imposed in the entire country.[13][35] [11]
Post abolished (12 October 1999 – 21 November 2002) #
13 A beard man sitting in an office. Zafarullah Khan Jamali
(1944– ) 		21 November 2002 26 June 2004 10 October 2002 Pakistan Muslim League (Q) align=center style="background-color: Template:Pakistan Muslim League (Q)/meta/color" | PML (Q) $ Jamali was elected as the Prime Minister of Pakistan in November 2002. He continued the foreign and economic policies of Pervez Musharraf but could not complete his term and resigned from the post in June 2004. [5][14]
14 A side shoot of a man looking at the camera. Chaudhry Shujaat Hussain
(1946– ) 		30 June 2004 20 August 2004 10 October 2002 Pakistan Muslim League (Q) align=center style="background-color: Template:Pakistan Muslim League (Q)/meta/color" | PML (Q) $ Shujaat was elected as a Prime Minister after the resignation of Jamali in June 2004. [2]
15 A head and shoulder shoot of a man wearing a coat and tie. Shaukat Aziz
(1949– ) 		20 August 2004 16 November 2007 10 October 2002 Pakistan Muslim League (Q) align=center style="background-color: Template:Pakistan Muslim League (Q)/meta/color" | PML (Q) $ Aziz took the office of Prime Minister of Pakistan in August 2004. He survived an assassination attempt in the small town of Fateh Jang, in the previous month.[36] Aziz left the office at the end of the parliamentary term, in November 2007, and became the first Prime Minister of Pakistan who left the seat after completion of parliamentary term.[37] [38]
A A head and shoulder shoot of a beard man wearing spectacles Muhammad Mian Soomro
(1950– ) 		16 November 2007 25 March 2008 — Pakistan Muslim League (Q) align=center style="background-color: Template:Pakistan Muslim League (Q)/meta/color" | PML (Q) $ Soomro took the office as caretaker Prime Minister in Novrember 2007. [39]
16 A shoot of a man during a meeting. Yousaf Raza Gillani
(1952– ) 		25 March 2008 19 June 2012 18 February 2008 Pakistan People's Party align=center style="background-color: Template:Pakistan Peoples Party/meta/color" | PPP § Gillani was elected in March 2008 and during his term, Chief Justice Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry's position was restored. He was disqualified from his seat in the parliament in April 2012 by the Supreme Court for contempt of court.[40] [41]
17 — Raja Pervaiz Ashraf
(1950– ) 		22 June 2012 Incumbent 18 February 2008 Pakistan People's Party align=center style="background-color: Template:Pakistan Peoples Party/meta/color" | PPP § Ashraf is the incumbent Prime Minister of Pakistan. He assumed the post in June 2012, after Yousaf Raza Gillani was disqualified over contempt of court charges.[15] [42]

Timeline

Raja Pervaiz AshrafYusuf Raza GillaniMuhammad Mian SoomroShaukat AzizShujaat HussainZafarullah Khan JamaliNawaz SharifMalik Meraj KhalidBenazir BhuttoMoeenuddin Ahmad QureshiNawaz SharifBalakh Sher MazariNawaz SharifGhulam Mustafa JatoiBenazir BhuttoMuhammad Khan JunejoZulfikar Ali BhuttoNurul AminFeroz Khan NoonI I ChundrigarHuseyn SuhrawardyChaudhry Muhammad AliMuhammad Ali BograKhawaja NazimuddinLiaquat Ali Khan

References

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  22. ^ "Death anniversary of Khawaja Nazimuddin". Radio Pakistan. 22 October 2012. Retrieved 4 July 2012.
  23. ^ Mir, Hamid (9 June 2011). "A Hope is still alive..." Daily Jang (in Urdu). Retrieved 18 July 2012. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  24. ^ (IISS) (3 May 2006). "Bhutto was father of Pakistan's Atom Bomb Programme". The News International. 2006 Dossier of the International Institute for Strategic Studies.
  25. ^ Raza, Member of Sindh Provincial Assembly., Syed Rasul (2008). "Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto; The Architect of New Pakistan". Karachi, Sindh: The Economic Policies. pp. 17–20. {{cite web}}: |chapter= ignored (help)
  26. ^ Raza, Member of Sindh Provincial Assembly., Syed Rasul (2008). "Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto; The Architect of New Pakistan". The Constitution. Karachi, Sindh. pp. 15–17. {{cite web}}: |chapter= ignored (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |chapterurl= (help)
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  28. ^ "Ex-PM Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi passes away". Daily Times. 21 November 2009. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
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  30. ^ Dutt, Sanjay (2009). "1993 Elections". Inside Pakistan: 52 years oulook. New Delhi: A.P.H. Publishing Corporation. p. 267. ISBN 81-7648-157-2. Retrieved 27 October 2012.
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  35. ^ Dugger, Celia W. (14 October 1999). "Pakistan Calm After Coup; Leading General Gives No Clue About How He Will Rule". The New York Times. Retrieved 27 October 2012.
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  39. ^ "Soomro takes oath as Pakistan's caretaker PM". Xinhua News Agency. 16 November 2007. Retrieved 21 October 2012.
  40. ^ Khan, Iftikhar A. (19 June 2012). "Yousuf Raza Gilani is sent packing". Xinhua News Agency. Retrieved 21 October 2012.
  41. ^ "Profile: Yousuf Raza Gilani". Dawn (newspaper). Pakistan Herald Publications. 19 June 2012. Retrieved 21 October 2012.
  42. ^ "Profile: Raja Pervaiz Ashraf". Dawn (newspaper). Pakistan Herald Publications. 22 June 2012. Retrieved 8 September 2012.

External links


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source: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_prime_ministers_of_Pakistan&oldid=534862273