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| leader_title2 = [[Pinarayi Vijayan]] |
| leader_title2 = [[Pinarayi Vijayan]] |
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| leader_type4 = [[Chief secretary (India)|Chief Secretary]] |
| leader_type4 = [[Chief secretary (India)|Chief Secretary]] |
||
| leader_title4 = |
| leader_title4 = Dr.V.Venu |
||
| legislature_label = [[State legislative assemblies of India|Assembly]] |
| legislature_label = [[State legislative assemblies of India|Assembly]] |
||
| legislature = {{ubl|[[Kerala Legislative Assembly]]|കേരളാ നിയമസഭ}} |
| legislature = {{ubl|[[Kerala Legislative Assembly]]|കേരളാ നിയമസഭ}} |
||
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| court = [[Kerala High Court]] |
| court = [[Kerala High Court]] |
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| chief_justice_label = [[List of current Indian chief justices|Chief Justice]] |
| chief_justice_label = [[List of current Indian chief justices|Chief Justice]] |
||
| chief_justice = [[ |
| chief_justice = [[Ashish J Deshai]] |
||
| extra_courts_label = [[District courts of India|District Courts]] |
| extra_courts_label = [[District courts of India|District Courts]] |
||
| extra_courts = 14 |
| extra_courts = 14 |
||
}} |
}} |
||
'''Kerala Council of Ministers''', are elected legislative members, who are appointed as ministers by the [[Governor of Kerala|Kerala State Governor]] to form the executive branch of the [[Government of Kerala]]. They hold various portfolios as decided by the [[List of chief ministers of Kerala|Chief Minister of Kerala.]] |
'''Kerala Council of Ministers''', are elected legislative members, who are appointed as ministers by the [[Governor of Kerala|Kerala State Governor]] to form the executive branch of the [[Government of Kerala]]. They hold various portfolios as decided by the [[List of chief ministers of Kerala|Chief Minister of Kerala.]] |
||
The Kerala Council of Ministers is headed by the Chief Minister and oversees the work of all ministers. The structure of the Kerala State Government is determined by the [[Constitution of India]] (1950).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Noble|first=William A.|date=|title=Kerala: Constitutional Framework|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Kerala/Resources-and-power#ref46330 |
The Kerala Council of Ministers is headed by the Chief Minister and oversees the work of all ministers. The structure of the Kerala State Government is determined by the [[Constitution of India]] (1950).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Noble|first=William A.|date=|title=Kerala: Constitutional Framework|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Kerala/Resources-and-power#ref46330|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref> |
||
The Kerala Council of Ministers along with the other elected legislative members assemble at the [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]] to introduce new drafts of law (otherwise known as bills), discuss them with other elected members of the assembly, revise the drafts for edits if necessary. A bill once finalised is sent to vote on the floor of the house of [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]] and if the bill receives the majority vote, it becomes a binding law else it is rejected and the existing law continues. The members of the Legislative Assembly together also makes the Council of Ministers and the Chief Minister accountable on behalf of the people, for any misuse of executive powers vested with them. |
The Kerala Council of Ministers along with the other elected legislative members assemble at the [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]] to introduce new drafts of law (otherwise known as bills), discuss them with other elected members of the assembly, revise the drafts for edits if necessary. A bill once finalised is sent to vote on the floor of the house of [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]] and if the bill receives the majority vote, it becomes a binding law else it is rejected and the existing law continues. The members of the Legislative Assembly together also makes the Council of Ministers and the Chief Minister accountable on behalf of the people, for any misuse of executive powers vested with them. |
||
The Kerala Council of Ministers is accountable to periodically evaluate the existing law of the land and ensures they are in the best interest of the society at large, which they represent under a democratic system.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Schwartzberg|first=Joseph E.|date=|title=India: State and Local Governments|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/India/Constitutional-structure#ref46435 |
The Kerala Council of Ministers is accountable to periodically evaluate the existing law of the land and ensures they are in the best interest of the society at large, which they represent under a democratic system.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Schwartzberg|first=Joseph E.|date=|title=India: State and Local Governments|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/India/Constitutional-structure#ref46435|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref> Kerala State Governor is also regarded as a member of the Legislative Assembly and may suspend or dissolve when no coalition is able to muster a working majority).<ref name=":0" /> |
||
==Present Council of Ministers== |
==Present Council of Ministers== |
||
<section begin="Present Council of Ministers"/> |
<section begin="Present Council of Ministers"/> |
||
The incumbent chief minister of Kerala is serving his second consecutive term, and was sworn into power on 20 May 2021. The oath-taking ceremony was held at the [[Central Stadium (Thiruvananthapuram)|Central Stadium]]. The Kerala Governor administered the oath of office and secrecy to the new members. |
The incumbent chief minister of Kerala is serving his second consecutive term, and was sworn into power on 20 May 2021. The oath-taking ceremony was held at the [[Central Stadium (Thiruvananthapuram)|Central Stadium]]. The Kerala Governor administered the oath of office and secrecy to the new members. In December 2023, the Kerala Cabinet underwent a reshuffle as part of a mutual agreement among member parties. The reshuffling is in accordance with a pre-election agreement within the [[Left Democratic Front]] (LDF) coalition. Transport Minister [[Antony Raju]] and Ports and Archaeology Minister [[Ahamed Devarkovil|Ahmed Devarkovil]] resigned, leading to the appointment of [[K. B. Ganesh Kumar|K.B Ganesh Kumar]] as the new Minister for Transport and [[Kadannappalli Ramachandran]] as the Minister for Registration and Archeology.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kerala's Transport, Ports ministers resign, pave way for cabinet reshuffle |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/kerala/story/2-new-kerala-ministers-sworn-in-transport-minister-ports-minister-resign-2479865-2023-12-24 |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref> |
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{| class="wikitable sortable" width="60%" style="text-align:center" style="font-size: 94%;" |
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="60%" style="text-align:center" style="font-size: 94%;" |
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!State Car Number |
!State Car Number |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| colspan="8" |{{Center| |
| colspan="8" |{{Center|'''[[Chief Minister of Kerala|Chief Minister]]'''}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|1. |
|1. |
||
|'''[[Pinarayi Vijayan]]''' |
|'''[[Pinarayi Vijayan]]''' |
||
| |
|[[File:Chief_Minister_Pinarayi_Vijayan_2023.tif|150px]] |
||
| [[Dharmadom (State Assembly constituency)|Dharmadom]] |
| [[Dharmadom (State Assembly constituency)|Dharmadom]] |
||
|Chief Minister |
|Chief Minister |
||
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*[[Vigilance & Anti-Corruption Bureau, Kerala|Vigilance]] |
*[[Vigilance & Anti-Corruption Bureau, Kerala|Vigilance]] |
||
*General Administration |
*General Administration |
||
*All India Services ([[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]], [[Indian Police Service|IPS]], [[Indian Forest Service|IFS]]) |
|||
*Welfare of Minorities |
|||
*All India Services (IAS,IPS, IFS) |
|||
*Planning and Economic Affairs |
*Planning and Economic Affairs |
||
*Science, Technology and Environment |
*Science, Technology and Environment |
||
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*Coastal Shipping and Inland Navigation |
*Coastal Shipping and Inland Navigation |
||
*Kerala State Inland Navigation Corporation |
*Kerala State Inland Navigation Corporation |
||
*Information and Public Relations |
*[[Department of Information and Public Relations (Kerala)|Information and Public Relations]] |
||
*Non- Resident Keralites’ Affairs |
*[[Department of Non-Resident Keralites Affairs|Non- Resident Keralites’ Affairs]] |
||
*Administration of Civil and Criminal Justice |
*Administration of Civil and Criminal Justice |
||
*[[Kerala Fire And Rescue Services|Fire and Rescue Services]] |
*[[Kerala Fire And Rescue Services|Fire and Rescue Services]] |
||
*[[Kerala Prisons and Correctional Services|Prisons]] |
|||
*Prisons |
|||
*Printing and Stationery |
*Printing and Stationery |
||
*Environment |
*Environment |
||
*Disaster Management |
*Disaster Management |
||
*'''Other departments not allocated to any Minister'''. |
|||
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] |
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] |
||
|{{Center|'''1'''}} |
|{{Center|'''1'''}} |
||
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|Minister for Revenue and Housing |
|Minister for Revenue and Housing |
||
| |
| |
||
*Land Revenue |
*[[Department of Revenue and Land Survey|Land Revenue]] |
||
*Survey and Land Records |
*Survey and Land Records |
||
*Housing |
*Housing |
||
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*Ground Water Department |
*Ground Water Department |
||
*Water Supply and Sanitation |
*Water Supply and Sanitation |
||
| [[Kerala Congress(M)|KCM]] |
| [[Kerala Congress (M)|KCM]] |
||
|{{Center|'''3'''}} |
|{{Center|'''3'''}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
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| |
| |
||
*Electricity |
*Electricity |
||
*[[Agency for New and Renewable Energy Research and Technology|ANERT]] |
|||
*ANERT |
|||
| [[Janata Dal (Secular)| |
| [[Janata Dal (Secular)|JD(S) Kerala]] |
||
|{{Centre|'''4'''}} |
|{{Centre|'''4'''}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
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|- |
|- |
||
|6. |
|6. |
||
|'''[[ |
|'''[[Kadannappalli Ramachandran]]''' |
||
| |
| |
||
| [[ |
| [[Kannur Assembly constituency|Kannur]] |
||
|Minister for |
|Minister for Registration,Museum Archaeology & Archives |
||
| |
| |
||
⚫ | |||
*Ports |
|||
*Museums |
*Museums |
||
*Archaeology |
*[[Kerala State Department of Archaeology|Archaeology]] |
||
*Archives |
*Archives |
||
| [[Congress (Secular)|Congress (S)]] |
|||
| [[ Indian National League|INL]] |
|||
|{{Centre|'''6'''}} |
|{{Centre|'''6'''}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|7. |
|7. |
||
|'''[[ |
|'''[[K. B. Ganesh Kumar]]''' |
||
|[[File: |
|[[File:Ganeshkumar.k.b.JPG|150px]] |
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|[[Pathanapuram]] |
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| [[Thiruvananthapuram (State Assembly constituency)|Thiruvananthapuram]] |
|||
|Minister for Transport |
|Minister for Transport |
||
| |
| |
||
*Road Transport |
* Road Transport |
||
*Motor Vehicles |
* Motor Vehicles Department |
||
*Water Transport |
* [[Kerala State Water Transport Department|State Water Transport Department]] |
||
⚫ | |||
| |
|[[Kerala Congress (B)|KC(B)]] |
||
|{{Centre|'''7'''}} |
|{{Centre|'''7'''}} |
||
|- |
|- |
||
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| |
| |
||
*Sports |
*Sports |
||
*Wakf and Haj Pilgrimage |
*Wakf and Haj Pilgrimage |
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*Post and Telegraphs |
*Post and Telegraphs |
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*Railways |
*Railways |
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*Minority Welfare |
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*Fisheries |
|||
⚫ | |||
*Harbour Engineering |
|||
*Kerala Fisheries University |
|||
⚫ | |||
|{{Centre|'''21'''}} |
|||
|- |
|||
|9. |
|9. |
||
|'''[[G. R. Anil]]''' |
|'''[[G. R. Anil]]''' |
||
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|Minister for Food and Civil Supplies |
|Minister for Food and Civil Supplies |
||
| |
| |
||
*Food and Civil Supplies |
*[[Kerala Civil Supplies & Consumer Affairs Department|Food and Civil Supplies]] |
||
*Consume Affairs |
*[[Department of Food, Civil Supplies & Consumer Affairs|Consume Affairs]] |
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*Legal Metrology |
*Legal Metrology |
||
| [[Communist Party of India|CPI]] |
| [[Communist Party of India|CPI]] |
||
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|Minister for Finance |
|Minister for Finance |
||
| |
| |
||
*[[Department of Finance (Kerala)|Finance]] |
|||
*Finance |
|||
*National Savings. |
*National Savings. |
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*Stores Purchase. |
*Stores Purchase. |
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*Dairy Development, Milk Co-operatives |
*Dairy Development, Milk Co-operatives |
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*Zoos |
*Zoos |
||
*Kerala Veterinary & Animal Sciences University |
*[[Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University|Kerala Veterinary & Animal Sciences University]] |
||
| [[Communist Party of India|CPI]] |
| [[Communist Party of India|CPI]] |
||
|{{Centre|'''14'''}} |
|{{Centre|'''14'''}} |
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Line 251: | Line 247: | ||
| |
| |
||
*Local Self Governments |
*Local Self Governments |
||
*[[Kerala Excise|Excise]] |
*[[Kerala Excise|Excise]] |
||
*Kerala Institute of Local Administration. |
*Kerala Institute of Local Administration. |
||
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] |
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] |
||
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|Minister for Agriculture |
|Minister for Agriculture |
||
| |
| |
||
*[[Department of Agriculture Development & Farmers' Welfare (Kerala)|Agriculture]] |
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*Agriculture |
|||
*Soil Survey & Soil Conservation |
*Soil Survey & Soil Conservation |
||
*Kerala Agriculture University |
*Kerala Agriculture University |
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| |
| |
||
*Welfare of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Backward Classes |
*Welfare of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Backward Classes |
||
*Devaswoms |
*[[Devaswom boards in Kerala|Devaswoms]] |
||
*Parliamentary Affairs. |
*Parliamentary Affairs. |
||
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] |
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] |
||
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| |
| |
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*Law |
*Law |
||
*Industries (Including Industrial co-operatives) |
*[[Department of Industries (Kerala)|Industries]] (Including Industrial co-operatives) |
||
*Commerce |
*Commerce |
||
*Mining and Geology |
*Mining and Geology |
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|Minister for General Education and Labour |
|Minister for General Education and Labour |
||
| |
| |
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*General Education |
*[[Department of General Education|General Education]] |
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*Literacy Movement |
*Literacy Movement |
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*Labour |
*Labour |
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|[[File:Vasavanmla.jpg|150px]] |
|[[File:Vasavanmla.jpg|150px]] |
||
| [[Ettumanoor (State Assembly constituency)|Ettumanoor]] |
| [[Ettumanoor (State Assembly constituency)|Ettumanoor]] |
||
|Minister for Co-operation |
|Minister for Co-operation |
||
| |
| |
||
*Co-operation |
*Co-operation |
||
*Port |
|||
⚫ | |||
*KSFDC |
|||
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] |
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] |
||
| |
| |
||
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| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] |
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] |
||
|{{Centre|'''20'''}} |
|{{Centre|'''20'''}} |
||
|- |
|||
|21. |
|||
|[[Saji Cherian|'''Saji Cherian''']] |
|||
|[[File:Saji Cheriyan.jpg|150px]] |
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|[[Chengannur Assembly constituency|Chengannur]] |
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|Minister for Fisheries and Cultural affairs |
|||
| |
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* Fisheries |
|||
* Harbour Engineering |
|||
* Fisheries University |
|||
* Youth Affairs |
|||
* Culture |
|||
⚫ | |||
* Kerala State Chalachitra Academy |
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* Kerala State Cultural Activists Welfare Fund Board |
|||
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] |
|||
|{{Centre|'''8'''}} |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
<section end="Present Council of Ministers"/> |
|||
== Chronological Order of Kerala Government Ministries == |
== Chronological Order of Kerala Government Ministries == |
||
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==See also== |
==See also== |
||
* [[List of |
* [[List of chief ministers of Kerala]] |
||
* [[List of MPs from Kerala]] |
* [[List of MPs from Kerala]] |
||
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==Further reading== |
==Further reading== |
||
* {{Citation|title=Chief Ministers, Ministers, and Leaders of Opposition of Kerala|last=|publisher=Secratriat of [[Kerala Legislative Assembly|Kerala Legislature]]|year=2018|location=[[Thiruvananthapuram]]|url=http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/14kla/chief%20ministers,%20ministers,%20leaders%20of%20opposition.pdf}} |
* {{Citation|title=Chief Ministers, Ministers, and Leaders of Opposition of Kerala|last=|publisher=Secratriat of [[Kerala Legislative Assembly|Kerala Legislature]]|year=2018|location=[[Thiruvananthapuram]]|url=http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/14kla/chief%20ministers,%20ministers,%20leaders%20of%20opposition.pdf}} |
||
==External links== |
==External links== |
||
* [http://niyamasabha.org/codes/cmin.htm Kerala Government (Official Website)] |
* [http://niyamasabha.org/codes/cmin.htm Kerala Government (Official Website)] |
Latest revision as of 15:44, 15 May 2024
Kerala Council of Ministers, are elected legislative members, who are appointed as ministers by the Kerala State Governor to form the executive branch of the Government of Kerala. They hold various portfolios as decided by the Chief Minister of Kerala.
The Kerala Council of Ministers is headed by the Chief Minister and oversees the work of all ministers. The structure of the Kerala State Government is determined by the Constitution of India (1950).[1]
The Kerala Council of Ministers along with the other elected legislative members assemble at the Kerala Legislative Assembly to introduce new drafts of law (otherwise known as bills), discuss them with other elected members of the assembly, revise the drafts for edits if necessary. A bill once finalised is sent to vote on the floor of the house of Kerala Legislative Assembly and if the bill receives the majority vote, it becomes a binding law else it is rejected and the existing law continues. The members of the Legislative Assembly together also makes the Council of Ministers and the Chief Minister accountable on behalf of the people, for any misuse of executive powers vested with them.
The Kerala Council of Ministers is accountable to periodically evaluate the existing law of the land and ensures they are in the best interest of the society at large, which they represent under a democratic system.[2] Kerala State Governor is also regarded as a member of the Legislative Assembly and may suspend or dissolve when no coalition is able to muster a working majority).[2]
Present Council of Ministers[edit]
The incumbent chief minister of Kerala is serving his second consecutive term, and was sworn into power on 20 May 2021. The oath-taking ceremony was held at the Central Stadium. The Kerala Governor administered the oath of office and secrecy to the new members. In December 2023, the Kerala Cabinet underwent a reshuffle as part of a mutual agreement among member parties. The reshuffling is in accordance with a pre-election agreement within the Left Democratic Front (LDF) coalition. Transport Minister Antony Raju and Ports and Archaeology Minister Ahmed Devarkovil resigned, leading to the appointment of K.B Ganesh Kumar as the new Minister for Transport and Kadannappalli Ramachandran as the Minister for Registration and Archeology.[3]
S.No | Name | Portrait | Constituency | Designation | Department | Party | State Car Number |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Pinarayi Vijayan | Dharmadom | Chief Minister |
|
CPI(M) | 1
| |
Cabinet Ministers | |||||||
2. | Adv. K. Rajan | Ollur | Minister for Revenue and Housing |
|
CPI | 2
| |
3. | Roshy Augustine | Idukki | Minister for Water Resources |
|
KCM | 3
| |
4. | K. Krishnankutty | Chittur | Minister for Electricity |
|
JD(S) Kerala | 4
| |
5. | A. K. Saseendran | Elathur | Minister for Forest and Wildlife |
|
NCP | 5
| |
6. | Kadannappalli Ramachandran | Kannur | Minister for Registration,Museum Archaeology & Archives |
|
Congress (S) | 6
| |
7. | K. B. Ganesh Kumar | Pathanapuram | Minister for Transport |
|
KC(B) | 7
| |
8. | V. Abdurahiman | Tanur | Minister for Sports, Wakf and Haj Pilgrimage, Minority welfare |
| |||
9. | G. R. Anil | Nedumangad | Minister for Food and Civil Supplies |
|
CPI | 19
| |
10. | K. N. Balagopal | Kottarakkara | Minister for Finance |
|
CPI(M) | 10
| |
11. | R. Bindu | Irinjalakuda | Minister for Higher Education and Social Justice |
|
CPI(M) | 18
| |
12. | J. Chinchu Rani | Chadayamangalam | Minister for Animal Husbandry and Dairy Development |
|
CPI | 14
| |
13. | M.B Rajesh | Thrithala | Minister for Local Self Governments, Rural Development and Excise |
|
CPI(M) | 9
| |
14. | P. A. Mohammed Riyas | Beypore | Minister for Public Works and Tourism | CPI(M) | 17
| ||
15. | P. Prasad | Cherthala | Minister for Agriculture |
|
CPI | 13
| |
16. | K Radhakrishnan | Chelakkara | Minister for Welfare of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Backward Classes and Devaswoms |
|
CPI(M) | ||
17. | P Rajeev | Kalamassery | Minister for Law, Industries and Coir |
|
CPI(M) | 11
| |
18. | V. Sivankutty | Nemom | Minister for General Education and Labour |
|
CPI(M) | 16
| |
19. | V. N. Vasavan | Ettumanoor | Minister for Co-operation |
|
CPI(M) | ||
20. | Veena George | Aranmula | Minister for Health and Woman and Child Development |
|
CPI(M) | 20
|
Chronological Order of Kerala Government Ministries[edit]
No | Mandate | Chief Minister | Term of office | Party of the CM | Ruling Coalition |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
23 | 2021 | Pinarayi Vijayan | 20 May 2021—Present | C P I (M) | L D F |
22 | 2016 | Pinarayi Vijayan | 25 May 2016—19 May 2021 | C P I (M) | L D F |
21 | 2011 | Oommen Chandy | 18 May 2011—20 May 2016 | I N C | U D F |
20 | 2006 | V. S. Achuthanandan | 18 May 2006—18 May 2011 | C P I (M) | L D F |
19 | 2001 | Oommen Chandy | 31 August 2004—18 May 2006 | I N C | U D F |
18 | A. K. Antony | 17 May 2001—29 August 2004 | |||
17 | 1996 | E. K. Nayanar | 20 May 1996—13 May 2001 | C P I (M) | L D F |
16 | 1991 | A. K. Antony | 22 March 1995—9 May 1996 | I N C | U D F |
15 | K. Karunakaran | 24 June 1991—16 March 1995 | |||
14 | 1987 | E. K. Nayanar | 26 March 1987—17 June 1991 | C P I (M) | L D F |
13 | 1982 | K. Karunakaran | 24 May 1982—25 March 1987 | I N C | U D F |
12 | 1980 | K. Karunakaran | 28 December 1981—17 March 1982 | Indian National Congress | U D F |
11 | E. K. Nayanar | 25 January 1980—20 October 1981 | C P I (M) | L D F | |
10 | 1977 | C. H. Mohammed Koya | 12 October 1979—1 December 1979 | I U M L | — |
9 | P. K. Vasudevan Nair | 29 October 1978—7 October 1979 | C P I | United Front/Ruling Front
(or) Maxi Front (Revamped) | |
8 | A. K. Antony | 27 April 1977—27 October 1978 | I N C | ||
7 | K. Karunakaran | 25 March 1977—25 April 1977 | I N C | ||
6 | 1970 | C. Achutha Menon | 4 October 1970—25 March 1977 | C P I | United Front/Maxi Front
(from 25 September 1971) |
United Front/Mini Front
(till 25 September 1971) | |||||
5 | 1967 | C. Achutha Menon | 1 November 1969—1 August 1970 | C P I | Mini Front/Democratic Front |
4 | E. M. S. Namboodiripad | 6 March 1967—1 November 1969 | C P I (M) | United Front
(Seven Party Alliance) or United Left Front | |
1965 | No ministry formed | ||||
3 | 1960 | R. Sankar | 26 September 1962—10 September 1964 | I N C | — |
2 | Pattom Thanu Pillai | 22 February 1960—26 September 1962 | P S P | Joint Front | |
1 | 1957 | E. M. S. Namboodiripad | 5 April 1957—31 July 1959 | CPI | — |
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Noble, William A. "Kerala: Constitutional Framework". Encyclopædia Britannica.
- ^ a b Schwartzberg, Joseph E. "India: State and Local Governments". Encyclopædia Britannica.
- ^ "Kerala's Transport, Ports ministers resign, pave way for cabinet reshuffle". India Today. Retrieved 31 December 2023.
Further reading[edit]
- Chief Ministers, Ministers, and Leaders of Opposition of Kerala (PDF), Thiruvananthapuram: Secratriat of Kerala Legislature, 2018