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==The battle of the War== |
==The battle of the War== |
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Chinese texts describes a War between [[Kanishka|Kanishka I]] and the Eastern Parthian King [[Vologases III of Parthia|Vologases III]]. The war commenced the Parthian King attacked the [[Kushan Empire]] with an army which consisted of mounted bowmen, armoured soldiers, archers on footfoot and spearmen. [[Kanishka|Kanishka I]] then responded with a counteroffensive which eventually ended up with a brutal melee which resulted of 900,000 deaths on the Parthian side. It is mentioned that both sides attacked each other incessantly in the battle until [[Kanishka|Kanishka I]] won.<ref>{{Cite book |last=McLaughlin |first=Raoul |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=CyZDDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT88&dq=kushan+parthian+wars&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwinooz19sWBAxUqTGwGHXcQCVkQ6wF6BAgNEAU#v=snippet&q=Vologases%20III%20(AD%20105-147)%20Parthian&f=false |title=The Roman Empire and the Silk Routes: The Ancient World Economy & the Empires of Parthia, Central Asia & Han China |date=2016-11-11 |publisher=Pen and Sword |isbn=978-1-4738-8981-1 |language=en}}</ref> This tale emphasises that [[Kanishka|Kanishka I's]] actions was relieved by the fact that the Parthian King was particularly cruel and stubborn.<ref>{{Cite thesis|title=The Kushans and the Emergence of the Early Silk Roads |url=https://ses.library.usyd.edu.au/handle/2123/23222|page=47 |publisher=University of Sydney |date=2020 |language=en |first=Paul David |last=Wilson}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Basham |first=Arthur Llewellyn|page=386|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=ks4UAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=900000+parthians&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjp3oiKxMOBAxWGrlYBHcInBLUQ6wF6BAgJEAU#v=onepage&q=900000%20parthians&f=false |title=Papers on the Date of Kaniṣka: Submitted to the Conference on the Date of Kaniṣka, London, 20-22 April 1960 |date=1969 |publisher=Brill Archive |language=en}}</ref> |
Chinese texts describes a War between [[Kanishka|Kanishka I]] and the Eastern Parthian King [[Vologases III of Parthia|Vologases III]]. The war commenced the Parthian King attacked the [[Kushan Empire]] with an army which consisted of mounted bowmen, armoured soldiers, archers on footfoot and spearmen. [[Kanishka|Kanishka I]] then responded with a counteroffensive which eventually ended up with a brutal melee which resulted of 900,000 deaths on the Parthian side.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bang |first1=Peter Fibiger |last2=Bayly |first2=C. A. |last3=Scheidel |first3=Walter |title=The Oxford World History of Empire: Volume Two: The History of Empires |date=2 December 2020 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-753278-2 |page=339 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/The_Oxford_World_History_of_Empire/6GkLEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=900000+parthians+killed&pg=PA339&printsec=frontcover |language=en}}</ref> It is mentioned that both sides attacked each other incessantly in the battle until [[Kanishka|Kanishka I]] won.<ref>{{Cite book |last=McLaughlin |first=Raoul |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=CyZDDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT88&dq=kushan+parthian+wars&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwinooz19sWBAxUqTGwGHXcQCVkQ6wF6BAgNEAU#v=snippet&q=Vologases%20III%20(AD%20105-147)%20Parthian&f=false |title=The Roman Empire and the Silk Routes: The Ancient World Economy & the Empires of Parthia, Central Asia & Han China |date=2016-11-11 |publisher=Pen and Sword |isbn=978-1-4738-8981-1 |language=en}}</ref> This tale emphasises that [[Kanishka|Kanishka I's]] actions was relieved by the fact that the Parthian King was particularly cruel and stubborn.<ref>{{Cite thesis|title=The Kushans and the Emergence of the Early Silk Roads |url=https://ses.library.usyd.edu.au/handle/2123/23222|page=47 |publisher=University of Sydney |date=2020 |language=en |first=Paul David |last=Wilson}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Basham |first=Arthur Llewellyn|page=386|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=ks4UAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA386&dq=900000+parthians&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjp3oiKxMOBAxWGrlYBHcInBLUQ6wF6BAgJEAU#v=onepage&q=900000%20parthians&f=false |title=Papers on the Date of Kaniṣka: Submitted to the Conference on the Date of Kaniṣka, London, 20-22 April 1960 |date=1969 |publisher=Brill Archive |language=en}}</ref> |
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==Aftermath== |
==Aftermath== |
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Revision as of 22:51, 26 September 2023
| Parthian–Kushan War | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Kushan Empire |
 Parthian Empire | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
|
Kanishka I |
Vologases III | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
Parthian–Kushan War refers to the war which took place between Kanishka I of the Kushan Empire and the Parthians. In the Parthian-Kushan War, the King of Parthia attacked Kanishka I which eventually led to the defeat of the Parthians in a battle.[4][3][5]
The battle of the War
Chinese texts describes a War between Kanishka I and the Eastern Parthian King Vologases III. The war commenced the Parthian King attacked the Kushan Empire with an army which consisted of mounted bowmen, armoured soldiers, archers on footfoot and spearmen. Kanishka I then responded with a counteroffensive which eventually ended up with a brutal melee which resulted of 900,000 deaths on the Parthian side.[6] It is mentioned that both sides attacked each other incessantly in the battle until Kanishka I won.[7] This tale emphasises that Kanishka I's actions was relieved by the fact that the Parthian King was particularly cruel and stubborn.[8][9]
Aftermath
Kanishka I was victorious but was shocked to see the sufferings that he had caused. He decided to repent and seek guidance from religious leaders.[10]
After Kanishka I decided to launch the second Kushan expedition on China against Pan Yung, the son of Pan Chao. The expedition turned out to be successful as Pan Yung was defeated & Kanishka I annexed the provinces of Kashgar, Yarkhand and Khotan from the Chinese Empire. His Empire then stretched from central Asia to central India including Gandhara, Kashmir and the Pamir region.[1]
See also
• Kushan Empire
• Parthian Empire
• Kanishka
• Vologases III of Parthia
• List of wars involving India
• List of wars involving Iran
References
- ^ a b Daniélou, Alain (11 February 2003). A Brief History of India. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-1-59477-794-3.
- ^ B. N. Mukherjee. The Rise And Fall Of The Kushāṇa Empire. p. 83.
- ^ a b Rosenfield, John M. The Dynasty Arts of the Kushans. University of California Press.
- ^ B. N. Mukherjee. The Rise And Fall Of The Kushāṇa Empire. p. 83.
- ^ McLaughlin, Raoul (11 November 2016). The Roman Empire and the Silk Routes: The Ancient World Economy & the Empires of Parthia, Central Asia & Han China. Pen and Sword. ISBN 978-1-4738-8981-1.
- ^ Bang, Peter Fibiger; Bayly, C. A.; Scheidel, Walter (2 December 2020). The Oxford World History of Empire: Volume Two: The History of Empires. Oxford University Press. p. 339. ISBN 978-0-19-753278-2.
- ^ McLaughlin, Raoul (11 November 2016). The Roman Empire and the Silk Routes: The Ancient World Economy & the Empires of Parthia, Central Asia & Han China. Pen and Sword. ISBN 978-1-4738-8981-1.
- ^ Wilson, Paul David (2020). The Kushans and the Emergence of the Early Silk Roads (Thesis). University of Sydney. p. 47.
- ^ Basham, Arthur Llewellyn (1969). Papers on the Date of Kaniṣka: Submitted to the Conference on the Date of Kaniṣka, London, 20-22 April 1960. Brill Archive. p. 386.
- ^ McLaughlin, Raoul (11 November 2016). The Roman Empire and the Silk Routes: The Ancient World Economy & the Empires of Parthia, Central Asia & Han China. Pen and Sword. ISBN 978-1-4738-8981-1.