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[[File:Lafcadio Hearn portrait.jpg|right|thumb|[[Lafcadio Hearn]], aka Koizumi Yakumo, a notable scholar and author well known for his strong interest in Japanese culture.]]
[[File:Lafcadio Hearn portrait.jpg|right|thumb|[[Lafcadio Hearn]], aka Koizumi Yakumo, a notable scholar and author well known for his strong interest in Japanese culture.]]


⚫
'''Japanophilia''' refers to the appreciation and love of Japanese culture, people or history.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Japanophile|encyclopedia=Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged|year=200|publisher= Merriam-Webster|quote= one who especially admires and likes Japan or Japanese ways|url=http://unabridged.merriam-webster.com|accessdate=2016-02-21}}</ref> In Japanese, the term for Japanophile is {{nihongo|"shinnichi"|親日}}, with "親" {{nihongo|"shin"|しん}} equivalent to the English prefix 'pro-', and "日" {{nihongo|"nichi"|にち}}, meaning "Japanese" (as in the word for Japan {{nihongo|"nihon"|日本}}).
'''Japanophilia''' is an interest in, or love of, [[Japan]] and everything Japanese; its opposite is [[Anti-Japanese sentiment|Japanophobia]]. One who has such an interest or love is a '''Japanophile''',<ref>{{cite encyclopedia
| title = Japanophile
| encyclopedia = Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged
| year = 2002
| publisher = Merriam-Webster
| quote = one who especially admires and likes Japan or Japanese ways
| url = http://unabridged.merriam-webster.com
| accessdate = 2008-01-08
⚫
}}</ref> In Japanese, the term for Japanophile is {{nihongo|"shinnichi"|親日}}, with "親" {{nihongo|"shin"|しん}} equivalent to the English prefix 'pro-', and "日" {{nihongo|"nichi"|にち}}, meaning "Japanese" (as in the word for Japan {{nihongo|"nihon"|日本}}).


==History==
In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, [[Carl Peter Thunberg]] and [[Philipp Franz von Siebold]], who lived in the Dutch outpost of [[Dejima]], helped introduce Japanese flora, artworks, and other objects to Europe. Some consider Annabelle Travello to be among the earliest Japanophiles.<ref>{{cite book
===Early usage===
| title = William and Henry Walters, the Reticent Collectors
| author = William R. Johnston
| year = 1999
| publisher = JHU Press
| isbn = 0-8018-6040-7
| page = 76
}}</ref><ref>{{cite book
| title = Topsy-Turvy 1585
| author = Robin D. Gill
| year = 2004
| publisher = Paraverse Press
| isbn = 0-9742618-1-5
| page = 25
}}</ref> (This was before the [[Meiji Restoration]] in 1868, when Japan became more open to foreign trade.)


[[Lafcadio Hearn]], an Irish-Greek author who made his home in Japan in the 19th century, was described as "a confirmed Japanophile" by [[Tuttle Publishing|Charles E. Tuttle Company]] in their forewords to several of his books.<ref>{{cite news
The term "Japanophile" traces back to the late 18th and early 19th centuries before Japan became more open to foreign trade. [[Carl Peter Thunberg]] and [[Philipp Franz von Siebold]] helped introduce Japanese flora, artworks, and other objects to Europe which spiked interest.<ref>{{cite book|title=William and Henry Walters, the Reticent Collectors|author=William R. Johnston|year=1999|publisher=JHU Press|isbn=0-8018-6040-7|page=76}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Topsy-Turvy 1585|author=Robin D. Gill|year=2004|publisher=Paraverse Press|isbn=0-9742618-1-5|page=25}}</ref> [[Lafcadio Hearn]], an Irish-Greek author who made his home in Japan in the 19th century, was described as "a confirmed Japanophile" by [[Tuttle Publishing|Charles E. Tuttle Company]] in their forewords to several of his books.<ref>{{cite news|title=Lafcadio Hearn|first= Heather|last= Hale|newspaper=Japanfile, the Website of [[Kansai Time Out]] Magazine|date=September 1990|url= http://www.japanfile.com/modules/smartsection/item.php?itemid=139|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070730150728/http://www.japanfile.com/modules/smartsection/item.php?itemid=139|archivedate=2007-07-30}}</ref>
| title = Lafcadio Hearn
| first = Heather
| last = Hale
| newspaper = Japanfile, the Website of [[Kansai Time Out]] Magazine
| date = September 1990
| url = http://www.japanfile.com/modules/smartsection/item.php?itemid=139
| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070730150728/http://www.japanfile.com/modules/smartsection/item.php?itemid=139
| archivedate = 2007-07-30
}}</ref>


===20th century===
⚫
In the first decade of the 20th century, several British writers lauded Japan. In 1904, for example, [[Beatrice Webb]] wrote that Japan was a "rising star of human self-control and enlightenment", praising the "innovating collectivism" of the Japanese, and the "uncanny" purposefulness and open-mindedness of its "enlightened professional elite." [[H. G. Wells]] similarly named the élite of his ''[[A Modern Utopia]]'' "samurai". In part this was a result of the decline of British industrial primacy, with Japan and Germany rising comparatively. Germany was seen as a threat close to hand, but Japan was seen as a potential ally. The British sought efficiency as the solution to issues of productivity, and after the publication of [[Alfred Stead]]'s 1906 book ''Great Japan: A Study of National Efficiency'', pundits in Britain looked to Japan for lessons. This interest ended with [[World War I]].<ref>{{cite book
| title = Parallax Visions: Making Sense of American-East Asian Relations
| author = Bruce Cumings
⚫
| chapter = Archaeology, Descent, Emergence: American Mythology and East Asian Reality
| year = 1999
| publisher = Duke University Press
| isbn = 0-8223-2924-7
| page = 25
}}</ref> Many around the world are fascinated by Japan in its technological sophistication, popular companies, and distinct media and culture. There is also interest in Japanese culture before the 19th century with for example the samurai (see the American movie Last Samurai).


⚫
In the first decade of the 20th century, several British writers lauded Japan. In 1904, for example, [[Beatrice Webb]] wrote that Japan was a "rising star of human self-control and enlightenment", praising the "innovating collectivism" of the Japanese, and the "uncanny" purposefulness and open-mindedness of its "enlightened professional elite." [[H. G. Wells]] similarly named the élite of his ''[[A Modern Utopia]]'' "samurai". In part this was a result of the decline of British industrial primacy, with Japan and Germany rising comparatively. Germany was seen as a threat close to hand, but Japan was seen as a potential ally. The British sought efficiency as the solution to issues of productivity, and after the publication of [[Alfred Stead]]'s 1906 book ''Great Japan: A Study of National Efficiency'', pundits in Britain looked to Japan for lessons. This interest however, ended with [[World War I]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Parallax Visions: Making Sense of American-East Asian Relations|author=Bruce Cumings
The [[United States]] went through a similar period of Japanophilia starting in the 1980s. This was anticipated in the 1960s in the writings of [[Peter Drucker]], who pointed to "consensual decision-making" in Japanese corporations as a model for US manufacturing, and celebrated Japanese corporate management techniques. (Drucker went so far as to claim credit for giving this system to the Japanese, via his books and seminars.) In September 1980, the extremely popular mini-series ''[[Shōgun (TV miniseries)|Shōgun]]'' aired, which then made the paperback edition of [[James Clavell]]'s 1975 [[Shōgun (novel)|novel]] a best seller. During that period, it was relatively common for American students{{Who|date=May 2010}} to take Japanese language classes with the intent of doing business with Japan. This was also a decade in which numerous shows from Japan, such as ''[[Voltron]]'', were being [[Dub localization|dubbed]] and shown on American television. Various American animated produced programs from the 1980s and 1990s were animated overseas in Japan. This phenomenon accelerated in the 1990s with shows like ''[[Power Rangers]]'' (based on popular Japanese TV program series ''[[Super Sentai]]''), ''[[Dragon Ball Z]]'', ''[[Sailor Moon]]'', ''[[Pokémon]]'' and ''[[Digimon]]''. There has since been considerable interest in [[Japanese popular culture]] across much of the [[Western world]], particularly the [[anime and manga fandom]], contributing to the further development of a Japanophile perspective in American teens in particular.
⚫
|chapter=Archaeology, Descent, Emergence: American Mythology and East Asian Reality|year=1999|publisher=Duke University Press|isbn=0-8223-2924-7|page=25}}</ref>

==21st century==

In the early 2000s, the meaning of Japanophile has taken on a more derogatory role. The term "Wapanese" (Aka Wannabe Japanese) first came out in 2002 as a slur. "Wapanese: a slur used to describe a white person who is obssesed with japanese culture. This would include manga/hentai/and anime". The term ''Weeaboo'', or ''Weeb'' later came from a comic strip created by [[Nicholas Gurewitch]] in which the term had no meaning other than it was unpleasant thing. [[4-chan]] quickly picked up the word though, and applied it in an abusive way to the already existing Wapanese term.<ref>{{cite web|last=Davis|first=Jesse Christian|title=Japanese animation in America and its fans|url=http://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1957/8736/thesis.pdf|accessdate=12 December 2015}}</ref> It is debatable if ''Weeaboo'' has the same meaning as the Japanese term [[Otaku]] or not.


== See also ==
== See also ==

Revision as of 01:36, 22 February 2016

Lafcadio Hearn, aka Koizumi Yakumo, a notable scholar and author well known for his strong interest in Japanese culture.

Japanophilia refers to the appreciation and love of Japanese culture, people or history.[1] In Japanese, the term for Japanophile is "shinnichi" (親日), with "親" "shin" (しん) equivalent to the English prefix 'pro-', and "日" "nichi" (にち), meaning "Japanese" (as in the word for Japan "nihon" (日本)).

History

Early usage

The term "Japanophile" traces back to the late 18th and early 19th centuries before Japan became more open to foreign trade. Carl Peter Thunberg and Philipp Franz von Siebold helped introduce Japanese flora, artworks, and other objects to Europe which spiked interest.[2][3] Lafcadio Hearn, an Irish-Greek author who made his home in Japan in the 19th century, was described as "a confirmed Japanophile" by Charles E. Tuttle Company in their forewords to several of his books.[4]

20th century

In the first decade of the 20th century, several British writers lauded Japan. In 1904, for example, Beatrice Webb wrote that Japan was a "rising star of human self-control and enlightenment", praising the "innovating collectivism" of the Japanese, and the "uncanny" purposefulness and open-mindedness of its "enlightened professional elite." H. G. Wells similarly named the élite of his A Modern Utopia "samurai". In part this was a result of the decline of British industrial primacy, with Japan and Germany rising comparatively. Germany was seen as a threat close to hand, but Japan was seen as a potential ally. The British sought efficiency as the solution to issues of productivity, and after the publication of Alfred Stead's 1906 book Great Japan: A Study of National Efficiency, pundits in Britain looked to Japan for lessons. This interest however, ended with World War I.[5]

21st century

In the early 2000s, the meaning of Japanophile has taken on a more derogatory role. The term "Wapanese" (Aka Wannabe Japanese) first came out in 2002 as a slur. "Wapanese: a slur used to describe a white person who is obssesed with japanese culture. This would include manga/hentai/and anime". The term Weeaboo, or Weeb later came from a comic strip created by Nicholas Gurewitch in which the term had no meaning other than it was unpleasant thing. 4-chan quickly picked up the word though, and applied it in an abusive way to the already existing Wapanese term.[6] It is debatable if Weeaboo has the same meaning as the Japanese term Otaku or not.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Japanophile". Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged. Merriam-Webster. 200. Retrieved 2016-02-21. one who especially admires and likes Japan or Japanese ways
  2. ^ William R. Johnston (1999). William and Henry Walters, the Reticent Collectors. JHU Press. p. 76. ISBN 0-8018-6040-7.
  3. ^ Robin D. Gill (2004). Topsy-Turvy 1585. Paraverse Press. p. 25. ISBN 0-9742618-1-5.
  4. ^ Hale, Heather (September 1990). "Lafcadio Hearn". Japanfile, the Website of Kansai Time Out Magazine. Archived from the original on 2007-07-30.
  5. ^ Bruce Cumings (1999). "Archaeology, Descent, Emergence: American Mythology and East Asian Reality". Parallax Visions: Making Sense of American-East Asian Relations. Duke University Press. p. 25. ISBN 0-8223-2924-7.
  6. ^ Davis, Jesse Christian. "Japanese animation in America and its fans" (PDF). Retrieved 12 December 2015.
source: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Japanophile&diff=706199706&oldid=706192837