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== National Black Panther Party == |
== National Black Panther Party == |
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The Black Panther Party (originally founded as the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense) was founded in Oakland, California, in 1966 by [[Huey P. Newton]] and [[Bobby Seale]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Henry |first=Carmel |title=A Brief History of Civil Rights in the United States |url=https://library.law.howard.edu/civilrightshistory/bpp |access-date=2024-02-20 |website=library.law.howard.edu |language=en}}</ref> The party was originally founded as a self-defense program for African Americans against police brutality, and eventually evolved to adopt [[Marxism–Leninism|Marxist-Leninist]] ideologies and practices.<ref name=":1" /> Among their survival programs that have garnered the most attention are the [[Free Breakfast for Children]] |
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The Panthers reached their peak during the late 1960's |
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== Foundation of the Des Moines Chapter == |
== Foundation of the Des Moines Chapter == |
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== Accomplishments == |
== Accomplishments == |
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== Bombing and Attempted Assassination == |
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== Controversy == |
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== Separation From the National Party == |
== Separation From the National Party == |
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Revision as of 20:06, 20 February 2024
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National Black Panther Party
The Black Panther Party (originally founded as the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense) was founded in Oakland, California, in 1966 by Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale.[1] The party was originally founded as a self-defense program for African Americans against police brutality, and eventually evolved to adopt Marxist-Leninist ideologies and practices.[1] Among their survival programs that have garnered the most attention are the Free Breakfast for Children
The Panthers reached their peak during the late 1960's
Foundation of the Des Moines Chapter
In 1967, not long after graduating from high school, Mary Rhem left home in Des Moines, Iowa to visit family in California.[2] While there, she spent time learning from political organizers, some of whom were in the Black Panther Party, taking particular inspiration from Bunchy Carter.[2] Inspired by her time in California, Rhem returned home and began her efforts of political organizing at which point she met Charles Knox, who had previous organizing experience in Chicago, Illinois, and Kansas City, Missouri.[3]
Members and Leaders
Accomplishments
Bombing and Attempted Assassination
Separation From the National Party
In the autumn of 1970, the Des Moines chapter and the national party split for a number of reasons, but largely because of disagreements in practice and theory.[2] One major controversy was the required reading of Soul on Ice, a book written by Eldridge Cleaver,
References
- ^ a b Henry, Carmel. "A Brief History of Civil Rights in the United States". library.law.howard.edu. Retrieved 2024-02-20.
- ^ a b c Anderson, Reynaldo (January 1, 2005). Groundwork: Local Black Freedom Movements in America (1st ed.). New York University Press. pp. 282–299. ISBN 9780814784396.
- ^ Fehn, Bruce; Jefferson, Robert (June 3, 2010). On the Ground: The Black Panther Party in Communities Across America (1st ed.). University Press of Mississippi. pp. 186–223. ISBN 9781604734935.