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As early as 1996, the ''[[Nairobi Standard]]'' reported that Somali warlords were cultivating cannabis to support military operations, amounting to annual harvests of 160 tons worth US$272 million.<ref name="Mukhtar2003">{{cite book|author=Mohamed Haji Mukhtar|title=Historical Dictionary of Somalia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DPwOsOcNy5YC&pg=PR43|date=25 February 2003|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-6604-1|pages=43–}}</ref> |
As early as 1996, the ''[[Nairobi Standard]]'' reported that Somali warlords were cultivating cannabis to support military operations, amounting to annual harvests of 160 tons worth US$272 million.<ref name="Mukhtar2003">{{cite book|author=Mohamed Haji Mukhtar|title=Historical Dictionary of Somalia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DPwOsOcNy5YC&pg=PR43|date=25 February 2003|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-6604-1|pages=43–}}</ref> |
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A 2007 study of use of drugs by combatants in the [[Somali War]] noted that the most commonly used drug was [[khat]], with 70.1% of respondents having used it in the previous week, compared with 10.7% for smoking cannabis and 0.6% for eating hemp seeds.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.0040341 |pmid=18076280 |pmc=2121109 |title=The Consumption of Khat and Other Drugs in Somali Combatants: A Cross-Sectional Study |journal=PLOS Medicine |volume=4 |issue=12 |pages=e341 |year=2007 |last1=Odenwald |first1=Michael |last2=Hinkel |first2=Harald |last3=Schauer |first3=Elisabeth |last4=Neuner |first4=Frank |last5=Schauer |first5=Maggie |last6=Elbert |first6=Thomas R. |last7=Rockstroh |first7=Brigitte }}</ref> |
A 2007 study of use of drugs by combatants in the [[Somali War]] noted that the most commonly used drug was [[khat]], with 70.1% of respondents having used it in the previous week, compared with 10.7% for smoking cannabis and 0.6% for eating hemp seeds.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.0040341 |pmid=18076280 |pmc=2121109 |title=The Consumption of Khat and Other Drugs in Somali Combatants: A Cross-Sectional Study |journal=PLOS Medicine |volume=4 |issue=12 |pages=e341 |year=2007 |last1=Odenwald |first1=Michael |last2=Hinkel |first2=Harald |last3=Schauer |first3=Elisabeth |last4=Neuner |first4=Frank |last5=Schauer |first5=Maggie |last6=Elbert |first6=Thomas R. |last7=Rockstroh |first7=Brigitte |doi-access=free }}</ref> |
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A 2008 Al Jazeera report, following [[Al-Shabaab (militant group)|Al-Shabaab]]'s seizing of the port city of [[Kismayo]], noted that three local men were arrested for possession of hashish, and their supply was burned and they were publicly flogged by the militants.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2008/12/2008122055527212230.html |title=Somali fighters destroying shrines |publisher=Al Jazeera English |date=2008-12-20 | |
A 2008 Al Jazeera report, following [[Al-Shabaab (militant group)|Al-Shabaab]]'s seizing of the port city of [[Kismayo]], noted that three local men were arrested for possession of hashish, and their supply was burned and they were publicly flogged by the militants.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2008/12/2008122055527212230.html |title=Somali fighters destroying shrines |publisher=Al Jazeera English |date=2008-12-20 |access-date=2017-01-26}}</ref> |
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A 2013 study noted "persistent reports" of small-scale cannabis production for export in southern Somalia.<ref name="Menkhaus2013">{{cite book|author=Ken Menkhaus|title=Somalia: State Collapse and the Threat of Terrorism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_qb7AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA53|date=5 November 2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-04992-7|pages=53–}}</ref> |
A 2013 study noted "persistent reports" of small-scale cannabis production for export in southern Somalia.<ref name="Menkhaus2013">{{cite book|author=Ken Menkhaus|title=Somalia: State Collapse and the Threat of Terrorism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_qb7AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA53|date=5 November 2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-04992-7|pages=53–}}</ref> |
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Latest revision as of 22:01, 2 December 2023
Cannabis is present in Somalia, and noted in the Somali 1971 penal code.[1] Reports in 1970 and 1971 note that it is one of the few narcotic drugs found there, other than the locally very popular khat leaf.[2][1]: 381
Somali Civil War[edit]
As early as 1996, the Nairobi Standard reported that Somali warlords were cultivating cannabis to support military operations, amounting to annual harvests of 160 tons worth US$272 million.[3]
A 2007 study of use of drugs by combatants in the Somali War noted that the most commonly used drug was khat, with 70.1% of respondents having used it in the previous week, compared with 10.7% for smoking cannabis and 0.6% for eating hemp seeds.[4]
A 2008 Al Jazeera report, following Al-Shabaab's seizing of the port city of Kismayo, noted that three local men were arrested for possession of hashish, and their supply was burned and they were publicly flogged by the militants.[5]
A 2013 study noted "persistent reports" of small-scale cannabis production for export in southern Somalia.[6]
References[edit]
- ^ a b Martin R. Ganzglass; Somalia (1971). The Penal code of the Somali Democratic Republic: with cases, commentary, and examples. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-0667-8.
- ^ New Era. Ministry of Information and National Guidance. 1970. p. 18.
- ^ Mohamed Haji Mukhtar (25 February 2003). Historical Dictionary of Somalia. Scarecrow Press. pp. 43–. ISBN 978-0-8108-6604-1.
- ^ Odenwald, Michael; Hinkel, Harald; Schauer, Elisabeth; Neuner, Frank; Schauer, Maggie; Elbert, Thomas R.; Rockstroh, Brigitte (2007). "The Consumption of Khat and Other Drugs in Somali Combatants: A Cross-Sectional Study". PLOS Medicine. 4 (12): e341. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0040341. PMC 2121109. PMID 18076280.
- ^ "Somali fighters destroying shrines". Al Jazeera English. 2008-12-20. Retrieved 2017-01-26.
- ^ Ken Menkhaus (5 November 2013). Somalia: State Collapse and the Threat of Terrorism. Routledge. pp. 53–. ISBN 978-1-136-04992-7.
