Robert Earl Kaske
Kaske and Rex c. 1974[note 1]
Born	Robert Earl Kaske (1921-06-01)June 1, 1921 Cincinnati, Ohio
Died	August 8, 1989(1989-08-08) (aged 68) Ithaca, New York
Nationality	American
Years active	1950–1989
Title	Professor
Spouse(s)	Mildred Reinerman (m. 1944) Carol Vonckx (m. 1958)
Parent	Herman C. & Ann Rose Kaske
Relatives	David L.; Richard (sons)
Academic background
Alma mater	Xavier University UNC Chapel Hill
Thesis	(1950)
Academic work
Discipline	Medieval literature
Institutions	Cornell University (1964–89)
Notable works	Medieval Christian Literary Imagery: A Guide to Interpretation
Signature

Robert Earl Kaske (1 June 1921 – 8 August 1989) was an American professor of medieval literature. Kaske studied liberal arts at Xavier University and was called to service for the Reserve Officers' Training Corps during his undergraduate study. He obtained a Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1950. He continued in academia, teaching English, where he became an assistant professor and then an associate professor, also earning a Guggenheim Fellowship.

In 1964, Kaske began working at Cornell University. He founded a medieval studies graduate program and earned another Guggenheim Fellowship in 1977. Throughout his career, he published over 60 articles. Kaske was known for rejecting the "New Criticism" school of thought, arguing that medieval poetry should be read in context. Kaske married twice and had two children.

Early life and education

Robert Kaske, who went by Bob, was born on 1 June 1921 in Cincinnati, Ohio.^[3] His parents were Herman C. Kaske, a postal clerk with the United States Postal Service,^[4][5] and Ann Rose Kaske (née Laake).^[6] Robert Kaske attended the boys prep school Elder High School, where he received straight As across four years of English, Latin, and religion, while missing only a single day of school.^[7] While there he worked on the school newspaper and the yearbook, won the Latin contest, and played baseball;^[7] he graduated from the modern English course in 1938.^[8] In a yearbook filled with humorous projected jobs for the graduates, such as "dog-catcher" and "pretzel-twister", Kaske was an exception: "Robert Kaske, Editor."^[9]

In 1938 Kaske also matriculated at Xavier University,^[10] studying liberal arts.^[11] Kaske was a four-year member of the Heidelberg Club, which described itself as intended "to further interest in the language, culture, history and transitions of the Germanic peoples".^[12][13] In his sophomore year Kaske began a three-year stint with the school newspaper, writing the column "Quid Ergo?".^[14][13] That year he also joined The Athenaeum and the Mermaid Tavern,^[15] an undergraduate literary paper and literary club, respectively.^[16][17] He became editor in chief of the former his senior year,^{[18][note 2]} and "Host" of the latter.^[11][20][21] Kaske still spoke fondly of the Mermaid Tavern, where students presented their literary works and discussed those of the masters, in his later years.^[13][22] As a junior, a year in which he was inducted into the Jesuit academic honorary fraternity Alpha Sigma Nu,^[23] he joined the Masque Society;^[24] he played Peter Dolan in a school production of Father Malachy's Miracle that year,^[25][26][27] and as a senior appeared in another play, Whispering in the Dark.^[28][29] Also as a senior Kaske cofounded the Philosophy Club, a society for students interested in philosophical research,^[30][31] and joined The Traditionists, which that year devoted their meetings to reading Dante's Inferno.^[13][32] He placed seventh in an intercollegiate writing contest the same year.^[33][34] Kaske graduated magna cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts on 3 June 1942.^[3][35]

World War II

Kaske had joined the Reserve Officers' Training Corps in his first semester at Xavier,^[10] and even before his graduation was ordered to active service.^[36] He was commissioned a second lieutenant in the army's field artillery on 25 May 1942,^[37] and ordered to report to Fort Thomas for a physical examination and assignment,^[36] with a furlough to account for his June commencement.^[38] Speaking to Kaske and 24 others, the commencement speaker, Archbishop John T. McNicholas, stated "[m]ay I assure the Second Lieutenants of this graduating class that the Archdiocese of Cincinnati is proud of them. It is happy to know that Xavier University is not only teaching theoretical patriotism, but that it is actually serving our country in the greatest crisis in its history."^[39]

Kaske served as a platoon leader and company commander with the 819th Tank Destroyer Battalion, taking him to ports in the United States, Hawaii (including Black Sand Beach^[40]), the Palau Islands (Peleliu and Angaur), and the Mariana Islands (Guam and Saipan).^[41] During a leave at the end of 1943, while stationed at Fort Hood, he took out a marriage license,^[42] served as a best man at a Thanksgiving wedding the next day in Cleburne, Texas,^[43] and married in January.^[44] But the leave was short and in 1945 Kaske was in Peleliu, where the 819th searched for remaining Japanese soldiers, defended the airstrip, and shelled enemy islands.^[45]

Graduate studies

As a student at Xavier Kaske had anticipated a business career, possibly in advertising.^[46] That changed while filling time at the end of the war on a bomb-shattered Pacific island, when he read a story about two professors engrossed in conversation from dawn to dusk; as the sun rose, one professor regretfully said he needed to prepare for class, and the other replied that he had been so absorbed he forgot he was not in his own house.^[46] Entranced by the prospect of such engaging intellectual conversations and aided by the G.I. Bill, Kaske set out for an academic life.^[46]

After talking it over with Father Paul Sweeney, a professor of English at Xavier and founder and patron of the Mermaid Tavern,^[47][22] Kaske entered the English literature program at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) in 1946.^[46] As at Xavier, Kaske wrote for a student paper, Factotum, including poems and at least one short story.^[48][49][50] Under the direction of Hardin Craig Kaske wrote his Master's thesis on George Chapman's tragedies,^[51] receiving his degree in 1947.^[46] If not for Craig's departure to the University of Missouri,^[52] Kaske might have become a Renaissance scholar.^[46] Instead, under George Coffman's direction, he wrote his Ph.D. dissertation on Piers Plowman and graduated in 1950.^[53][54][55]

Career

Kaske's hiring as an English instructor at Washington University in St. Louis was announced in April 1950, before his June dissertation defense.^[56] He began teaching a variety of courses in medieval language and literature,^[46] including studies of Dante.^[57] At Washington Kaske found the intellectual engagement he had been looking for, including with colleagues Vladimir Jelinek and Ernst Abrahamson,^[58][59] and began to publish,^[46] including an article on Piers Plowman in each of 1951 and 1952.^[60][61] In 1952 he was promoted to assistant professor,^[62] and in 1955 he was awarded a $600 research grant for study during the summer.^[63]

Kaske left Washington University in 1957, then taught at Pennsylvania State University from 1957 to 1958.^[64][65] He left Pennsylvanua to return to his alma mater UNC, where he began his associate professorship on 1 September 1958.^[66] Two years later, he was awarded a grant by the American Council of Learned Societies to work on a book, provisionally titled The Heroic Ideal in Old English Poetry.^[67] In 1961 Kaske was also awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship to study heroism and the hero in Old English poetry,^[68][69] and served as secretary of the Modern Language Association's Middle English group.^{[67][note 3]} After three years Kaske left for the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, where in 1961 he was made a full professor; he would henceforth term this move the time he "published himself out of paradise".^[72]

Cornell

In the fall of 1963 Kaske, who later admitted he was "looking around" and anxious to leave Illinois, took a visiting professorship at Cornell University.^[73] Cornell made an offer for a permanent position, which Kaske accepted, the following year; he remained there for the rest of his life.^[72] In 1968—a year in which he was first listed in Who's Who in America^[74]—Kaske was awarded another grant by the American Council of Learned Societies, this time to travel to England and search for the sources of imagery in poems by the unknown Gawain Poet.^[75] Another grant by the organization followed in 1971, for further research into the heroic ideal in Old English poetry,^[76] and that year Kaske also participated in a symposium on Geoffrey Chaucer held at the University of Georgia.^[77][78] During 1972–73 he was a Faculty Fellow of the university's Society for the Humanities,^[79][80] and in 1974 he was named the Avalon Foundation Professor in the Humanities, succeeding Herbert Dieckmann [de].^[81] Three years later, he again won a Guggenheim Fellowship, to undertake research on the sources and methodology for the interpretation of medieval imagery.^[82] In 1984–85, the National Endowment for the Humanities awarded Kaske a Fellowship for Independent Study and Research; Kaske intended to use it to complete a manual for scholars of medieval literature.^[83] As part of the fellowship Kaske directed a seminar on "Latin Christian Tradition in Medieval Literature", which presented the material from the book Kaske was working on.^[84]

At Cornell, Kaske founded a medieval studies graduate program, which Fred C. Robinson said came to become "one of the great seminaries of medieval scholars in North America during the latter part of the twentieth century".^[85] The program required all medieval literature students to take courses and intensive examinations in at least four medieval languages and literatures, and to have or learn French, German, and classical and medieval Latin, in addition to two semesters of Latin palaeography; one "survivor" termed it the "Parris Island of medieval studies".^[86] The program, his colleagues said, "produced a group of scholars who have become the backbone of the next generation in medieval studies, and who, in their collective achievement and their dedication to the pedagogical and scholarly ideals of their mentor, constitute Bob’s true monument".^[3]

Kaske was known for his loyalty to his students, and his love of learning and teaching.^{[87][72][88][89]} "If we were students all of the time," one wrote, "Robert Kaske was a teacher all of the time."^[87] Students would frequently drop by Kaske's house unannounced to seek his input, bibliographic references, or access to his library, and even once graduated, Kaske would continue to edit their drafts;^[90] meanwhile, he "even turned the letter of recommendation into an art form".^[87]

Around 1960, Kaske joined a panel discussion in which he defended patristic learning as a way of interpreting vernacular literature.^[72] The discussion was published,^[91] and republished,^[92][93] in essay form, and gained Kaske a reputation as a strident proponent of using medieval learning to understand the literature, as opposed to the "New Criticism" school of thought that argued that medieval poetry should be read in a contextual vacuum.^[72][3] The reputation overlooked the balance Kaske struck between focusing on careful reading of the literature, and bringing in exegetical information where prudent.^[94] Kaske nonetheless firmly believed that such contextual learning remained one of the most promising ways to make new discoveries about the meaning conveyed by literary works.^[94] Listening to Kaske lecture for two hours on "How to Use Biblical Exegesis for the Interpretation of Medieval Literature" at the Dartmouth Dante Institute in 1985, Madison U. Sowell wrote that "I learned more in one exhilarating afternoon about the 'nuts and bolts' of using biblical commentaries to interpret medieval literature than I had in three-and-a-half years at my Ivy League graduate school."^[95] He was a "master" at combining "insight and scholarly rigor", wrote a student, joining "imagination in literary interpretation with the painstaking historical research required to gather supporting evidence".^[64] On top of this, a colleague wrote, Kaske added "a kind of native intution about what a medieval poet might want to say".^[96]

Awards and distinctions

Kaske, a former student wrote, "received most of the awards and honors possible for a medieval scholar, among them grants-in-aid and a fellowship from the American Council of Learned Societies, a grant from the American Philosophical Society, two Guggenheim Fellowships, a fellowship at Cornell's Society for the Humanities, a Senior Fellowship at the Southeastern Institute of Medieval and Renaissance Studies, and a grant and a fellowship from the National Endowment for the Humanities. He has served on the editorial and advisory boards of The Chaucer Review, A Manual of the Writings in Middle English, Traditio, and Speculum. In 1975, he was appointed chief editor of Traditio, was elected Councillor in the Medieval Academy of America, and was named Avalon Professor in the Humanities at Cornell. In 1982, he was elected a Fellow of the Medieval Society."^[64] In 1986, a Festschrift was published in Kaske's honor.^[97] The work was titled Magister Regis: Studies in Honor of Robert Earl, playing off of the name of Kaske's Border Collie, Rex.^[98]

Personal life

In January 1944 Kaske, then 22 and home on leave, married Mildred Mae Reinerman,^[44] a 21-year-old bookkeeper.^[42] The two had a son, David L.^[99][100] Kaske married again in 1958,^[101] to Carol Vonckx, an English scholar who herself became a professor at Cornell.^{[65][102][103]} On 10 January 1966 they had a son, Richard;^[104] at the time of his death, Kaske also had three grandchildren.^[65] He died of a brain tumor on 8 August 1989, at his Ithaca home on North Quarry Street.^{[3][65][105][106]} A funeral was held on the 26th, at Ithaca's Immaculate Conception Church,^[107] and a memorial service on 21 October at Sage Chapel, with contributions suggested to the university library's Dante-Petrarch or Icelandic collections.^[108][109]

Publications

Kaske published more than 60 works throughout his career,^[110] including articles, chapters, reviews, and a book; most of these were listed in his 1986 Festschrift.^[111][89] Even among his shorter works, his output frequently constituted seminal studies.^[89] Kaske particularly enjoyed solving cruxes,^[72] publishing half a dozen articles on problematic passages in works such as Pearl,^[112] Piers Plowman,^[113][114] Dante's Divine Comedy,^[115] The Husband's Message,^[116] 'The Descent into Hell,^[117] and Beowulf.^[118] He also penned lengthy interpretations of Beowulf, and of poems and passages by Dante and Chaucer.^[72] Kaske's imprint was also evident in the works of others, including former students whose papers he marked up and returned, and those who submitted works to Traditio; "[i]f we were working in the sciences," a former student wrote, "where team research is routine, Bob Kaske's bibliography would be many times its present length."^[119]

In 1988 Kaske published Medieval Christian Literary Imagery: A Guide to Interpretation,^[120] which colleagues referred to as a "magisterial work" that served as "the crowning achievement of his scholarly career".^[90] The work focused on Kaske's craft—using the available tools and sources to do the kind of scholarly explication that he himself did.^[90]

Books

• Kaske, Robert E. (1947). An analysis of Chapman's tragedies, based on a consideration of tragic theory and the fundamental types of tragedy (M.A.). Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. OCLC 37757454.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1950). The nature and use of figurative expression in Piers Plowman, text B (Ph.D.). Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. OCLC 37757491.
• Kaske, Robert E.; Groos, Arthur & Twomey, Michael W. (1988). Leyerle, John (ed.). Medieval Christian Literary Imagery: A Guide to Interpretation. Toronto Medieval Bibliographies. Vol. 11. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 0-8020-2636-2. JSTOR 10.3138/j.ctt2tv0pq.

Articles

• Kaske, Robert E. (July 1951). "The Use of Simple Figures of Speech in Piers Plowman B: A Study in the Figurative Expression of Ideas and Opinions". Studies in Philology. XLVIII (3). The Mediaeval Academy of America: 571–600. JSTOR 4172984.
• Kaske, Robert E. (October 1952). "A Note on bras in Piers Plowman, A, III, 189; B, III, 195". Philological Quarterly. XXXI (4). Iowa City: State University of Iowa: 427–430.
• Kaske, Robert E. (April 1957). "Gigas the Giant in Piers Plowman". The Journal of English and Germanic Philology. LVI (2). The University of Illinois: 177–185. JSTOR 27706901.
• Kaske, Robert E. (November 1957). "Langland and the Paradisus Claustralis". Modern Language Notes. LXXII (7). Johns Hopkins University Press: 481–483. doi:10.2307/3043508. JSTOR 3043508.
• Kaske, Robert E. (December 1957). "The Knight's Interruption of the Monk's Tale". ELH. 24 (4). Johns Hopkins University Press: 249–268. doi:10.2307/2871956. JSTOR 2871956.
• Kaske, Robert E. (July 1958). "Sapientia et Fortitudo as the Controlling Theme of Beowulf". Studies in Philology. LV (3): 423–456. JSTOR 4173241.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1959a). "The Speech of "Book" in Piers Plowman". Anglia. 1959 (77). Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag: 117–144. doi:10.1515/angl.1959.1959.77.117. S2CID 162098491.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1959b). "Two Cruxes in 'Pearl': 596 and 609-10". Traditio. XV. Fordham University Press: 418–428. doi:10.1017/S0362152900008333. JSTOR 27830395.
• Kaske, Robert E. (June 1959c). "The Summoner's Garleek, Oynons, and Eek Lekes". Modern Language Notes. LXXIV (6). Johns Hopkins University Press: 481–484. JSTOR 3040589.
• Kaske, Robert E. (September 1959d). "An Aube in the Reeve's Tale". ELH. 26 (3). Johns Hopkins University Press: 295–310. doi:10.2307/2871790. JSTOR 2871790.
• Kaske, Robert E. (October 1959e). "Langland's Walnut-Simile". The Journal of English and Germanic Philology. LVIII (4). The University of Illinois: 650–654. JSTOR 27707361.
• Kaske, Robert E. (December 1959f). "The Sigemund-Heremod and Hama-Hygelac Passages in Beowulf". Publications of the Modern Language Association. LXXIV (5). Modern Language Association: 489–494. JSTOR 460497.
• Kaske, Robert E. (January 1960a). "January's "Aube"". Modern Language Notes. LXXV (1). Johns Hopkins University Press: 1–4. JSTOR 3040559.
• Kaske, Robert E. (June 1960b). "Weohstan's Sword". Modern Language Notes. LXXV (6). Johns Hopkins University Press: 465–468. JSTOR 3040330.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1960c). "Eve's 'Leaps' in the Ancrene Riwle". Medium Ævum. XXIX (1). The Society for the Study of Mediæval Languages and Literature: 22–24. doi:10.2307/43626839. JSTOR 43626839.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1961a). "Dante's 'DXV' and 'Veltro'". Traditio. XVII. Fordham University Press: 185–254. doi:10.1017/S0362152900008503. JSTOR 27830427.

• Abridged in Kaske, Robert E. (1965). "Dante's DXV". In Freccero, John (ed.). Dante: A Collection of Critical Essays. Twentieth Century Views. Vol. 46. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. pp. 122–140. LCCN 65-13596.

• Kaske, Robert E. (July 1962). "The Canticum Canticorum in the Miller's Tale". Studies in Philology. LIX (3). The Mediaeval Academy of America: 479–500. JSTOR 4173387.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1963a). "Weland and the wurmas in Deor". English Studies. 44: 190–191. doi:10.1080/00138386308597170.
• Kaske, Robert E. (January 1963b). ""Ex VI Transicionis" and its Passage in Piers Plowman". The Journal of English and Germanic Philology. LXII (1). The University of Illinois: 32–60. JSTOR 27714179.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1964). "The Reading Genyre in The Husband's Message Line 49". Medium Ævum. XXXIII (3). The Society for the Study of Mediæval Languages and Literature: 204–206. doi:10.2307/43627117. JSTOR 43627117.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1967). "A Poem of the Cross in the Exeter Book: 'Riddle 60' and 'The Husband's Message'". Traditio. XXIII. Fordham University Press: 41–71. doi:10.1017/S0362152900008734. JSTOR 27830826.
• Kaske, Robert E. (October 1967). "The Silver Spoons of Sutton Hoo". Speculum. XLII (4). The Mediaeval Academy of America: 670–672. doi:10.2307/2851097. JSTOR 2851097. S2CID 162531857.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1968a). "Piers Plowman and Local Iconography". Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes. 31: 159–169. doi:10.2307/750639. JSTOR 750639.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1968b). "Some Newly Discovered Wall-Paintings at Madley, Herefordshire". Traditio. XXIV. Fordham University Press: 464–471. doi:10.1017/S0362152900004839. JSTOR 27830859.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1971). ""Sì si conserva il seme d'ogne giusto": (Purg. XXXII, 48)". Dante Studies. LXXXIX (89). The Dante Society of America: 49–54. JSTOR 40166090.
• Kaske, Robert E. (July 1971). "Beowulf and the Book of Enoch". Speculum. XLVI (3). The Mediaeval Academy of America: 421–431. doi:10.2307/2851906. JSTOR 2851906. S2CID 162719503.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1972). "Horn and Ivory in the Summoner's Tale". Neuphilologische Mitteilungen. LXXIII (3). Modern Language Society of Helsinki: 122–126. JSTOR 43345340.
• Kaske, Robert E. (Spring 1974). "Dante's Purgatorio XXXII and XXXIII: A Survey of Christian History". University of Toronto Quarterly. XLIII (3). University of Toronto: 193–214. doi:10.3138/utq.43.3.193. S2CID 153970178.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1975). "A Dagger in Relief on Stonehenge?". Traditio. XXXI. Fordham University Press: 315–316. doi:10.1017/S0362152900011363. JSTOR 27830990.
• Kaske, Robert E. (March 1984). "The Coastwarden's Maxim in Beowulf: A Clarification". Notes and Queries. New Series. 31 (1): 16–18. doi:10.1093/nq/31-1-16. ISSN 0029-3970.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1985). "The Gifstol Crux in Beowulf". Leeds Studies in English. New Series. XVI. Leeds: The University of Leeds School of English: 142–151. ISSN 0075-8566.
• Kaske, Robert E.; Springer, Otto & Andersson, Theodore M. (July 1985). "Memoirs of Fellows and Corresponding Fellows of the Medieval Academy of America: Einar Ólafur Sveinsson". Speculum. 60 (3). The Mediaeval Academy of America: 776–777. JSTOR 2848227.
• Howard, Donald R.; Kaske, Robert E. & Ferrante, Joan M. (July 1986). "Memoirs of Fellows and Corresponding Fellows of the Medieval Academy of America: Charles Southward Singleton". Speculum. 61 (3). The Mediaeval Academy of America: 765–767. JSTOR 2851651.
• Kaske, Robert E. (Fall 1986). "Pandarus's "Vertue of Corones Tweyne"". The Chaucer Review. 21 (2). The Pennsylvania State University Press: 226–233. JSTOR 25093997.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1988). "Piers Plowman and Local Iconography: The Font at Eardisley, Herefordshire". Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes. 51: 184–186. doi:10.2307/751272. JSTOR 751272.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1989–1990). "Amnon and Thamar on a Misericord in Hereford Cathedral". Traditio. XLV. Fordham University Press: 1–6. JSTOR 27831237.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1990). "Godfrey's Vengeance for God on Good Friday: Alliterative Morte Arthure, 3430–1". Medium Ævum. LIX (1). The Society for the Study of Mediæval Languages and Literature: 128–133. doi:10.2307/43629289. JSTOR 43629289.

Chapters

• Kaske, Robert E. (1960d). "Patristic Exegesis in the Criticism of Medieval Literature: The Defense". In Bethurum, Dorothy (ed.). Critical Approaches to Medieval Literature: Selected Papers from the English Institute, 1958–1959. New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 27–60, 158–159. hdl:2027/heb.06547. LCCN 60-13104.

• Abridged in Kaske, Robert E. (1968c). "Patristic Exegesis in the Criticism of Medieval Literature: The Defense". In Vasta, Edward (ed.). Interpretations of Piers Plowman. Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press. pp. 319–338. LCCN 68-12296.; and in Kaske, Robert E. (1969). "from 'Patristic Exegesis: The Defense'". In Burrow, John Anthony (ed.). Geoffrey Chaucer: A Critical Anthology. Penguin Books. pp. 233–239. OCLC 493371334.

• Kaske, Robert E. (1963c). ""Hygelac" and "Hygd"". In Greenfield, Stanley B. (ed.). Studies in Old English Literature in Honor of Arthur G. Brodeur. Eugene, Oregon: University of Oregon Books. pp. 200–206. LCCN 63-24538.

• Reissued with an addendum on page 206 in Kaske, Robert E. (1973). ""Hygelac" and "Hygd"". In Greenfield, Stanley B. (ed.). Studies in Old English Literature in Honor of Arthur G. Brodeur. New York: Russell & Russell. pp. 200–206. ISBN 0-8462-1673-6. LCCN 72-90565.

• Kaske, Robert E. (1961b). "The Aube in Chaucer's Troilus". In Schoeck, Richard J. & Taylor, Jerome (eds.). Troilus and Criseyde & The Minor Poems. Chaucer Criticism. Vol. II. Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press. pp. 167–179. LCCN 60-10279.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1965). "The Character "Figura" in Le Mystère d'Adam". In Mahoney, John & Keller, John Esten (eds.). Medieval Studies in Honor of Urban Tigner Holmes, Jr. North Carolina Studies in the Romance Languages and Literatures. Vol. 56. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. pp. 103–110. JSTOR 10.5149/9781469639130_mahoney.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1967). "The Eotenas in Beowulf". In Creed, Robert Payson (ed.). Old English Poetry: Fifteen Essays. Providence: Brown University Press. pp. 285–310. LCCN 67-10212.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1968d). "Beowulf". In Lumiansky, R. M. & Baker, Herschel (eds.). Critical Approaches to Six Major English Works: Beowulf Through Paradise Lost. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 3–40. JSTOR j.ctv512qvn.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1973). "Chaucer's Marriage Group". In Mitchell, Jerome & Provost, William (eds.). Chaucer the Love Poet. Athens, Georgia: University of Georgia Press. pp. 45–65. ISBN 0-8203-0319-4. LCCN 73-97938.

• Abridged in Kaske, Robert E. (1975). "The Governing Theme of Beowulf". In Tuso, Joseph F. (ed.). Beowulf: The Donaldson Translation, Backgrounds and Sources, Criticism. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. pp. 118–131. ISBN 0-393-04413-0. LCCN 75-17991.

• Kaske, Robert E. (1970). "Gawain's Green Chapel and the Cave at Wetton Mill". In Mandel, Jerome & Rosenberg, Bruce A. (eds.). Medieval Literature and Folklore Studies: Essays in Honor of Francis Lee Utley. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press. pp. 111–121, 357–358. LCCN 70-127053. SBN 8135-0676-X.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1974). "Holy Church's Speech and the Structure of Piers Plowman". In Rowland, Beryl (ed.). Chaucer and Middle English Studies in Honour of Rossell Hope Robbins. London: George Allen & Unwin. pp. 320–327. doi:10.4324/9780429341786. ISBN 0-04-821030-7.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1976). "The Conclusion of the Old English 'Descent into Hell'". In Fletcher, Harry George & Schulte, Mary Beatrice (eds.). ΠAPAΔOΣIΣ: Studies in Memory of Edwin A. Quain. Vol. 32. New York: Fordham University Press. pp. 47–59. doi:10.1017/S0362152900018377. ISBN 0-8232-0351-4. LCCN 76-20905. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
• Kaske, Robert E. (1979). "Clericus Adam and Chaucer's Adam Scriveyn". In Vasta, Edward & Thundy, Zacharias P. (eds.). Chaucerian Problems and Perspectives: Essays Presented to Paul E. Beichner, C.S.C. Notre Damn, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press. pp. 114–118. ISBN 0-268-00728-4. LCCN 78-62971.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1982). "Sapientia et Fortitudo in the Old English Judith". In Benson, Larry D. & Wenze, Siegfried (eds.). The Wisdom of Poetry: Essays in Early English Literature in Honor of Morton W. Bloomfield. Kalamazoo, Michigan: Medieval Institute Publications. pp. 13–29, 264–268. ISBN 0-918720-15-X. LCCN 82-3577.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1983). "The Seven Status Ecclesiae in Purgatorio XXXII and XXXIII". In Bernardo, Aldo S. & Pellegrini, Anthony L. (eds.). Dante, Petrarch, Boccaccio: Studies in the Italian Trecento in Honor of Charles S. Singleton. Medieval & Renaissance Texts & Studies. Vol. 22. Binghamton, New York: State University of New York at Binghamton. pp. 89–113. ISBN 0-86698-061-X. LCCN 83-717.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1988). "The Character Hunger in Piers Plowman". In Kennedy, Edward Donald; Waldron, Ronald & Wittig, Joseph S. (eds.). Medieval English Studies Presented to George Kane. Wolfeboro, New Hampshire: D. S. Brewer. pp. 187–197. ISBN 0-85991-262-0. LCCN 87-27209.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1990). "Casualty and Miracle: Philosophical Perspectives in the Knight's Tale and the Man of Law's Tale". In Allen, David G. & White, Robert A. (eds.). Traditions and Innovations: Essays on British Literature of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. Newark: University of Delaware Press. pp. 11–34. ISBN 0-87413-355-6.

Reviews

• Kaske, Robert E. (December 1959g). "Review: "Piers Plowman" and the Scheme of Salvation: An Interpretation of "Dowel, Dobet, and Dobest", by Robert Worth Frank, Jr". Modern Language Notes. LXXIV (8). Johns Hopkins University Press: 730–733. JSTOR 3040398.
• Kaske, Robert E. (January 1963d). "Review: Piers Plowman as a Fourteenth-Century Apocalypse, by Morton W. Bloomfield". The Journal of English and Germanic Philology. LXII (1). The University of Illinois: 202–208. JSTOR 27714209.
• Kaske, Robert E. (January 1963e). "Review: Piers the Plowman: Literary Relations of the A and B Texts, by David C. Fowler". The Journal of English and Germanic Philology. LXII (1). The University of Illinois: 208–213. JSTOR 27714210.
• Kaske, Robert E. (June 1963f). "Chaucer and Medieval Allegory". ELH. 30 (2). Johns Hopkins University Press: 175–192. doi:10.2307/2872089. JSTOR 2872089.
  • A "review article," reviewing A Preface to Chaucer: Studies in Medieval Perspectives, by D. W. Robertson, Jr.
• Kaske, Robert E. (July 1966). "Review: Piers Plowman: The Evidence for Authorship, by George Kane". The Journal of English and Germanic Philology. LXV (3). The University of Illinois: 583–586. JSTOR 27714923.
• Kaske, Robert E. (October 1966). "Review: Superbia: Studien zum altenglischen Wortschatz, by Hans Schabram". Speculum. XLI (4). The Mediaeval Academy of America: 762–764. doi:10.2307/2852344. JSTOR 2852344.
• Kaske, Robert E. (January 1967). "Review: Allegorical Imagery: Some Mediaeval Books and Their Posterity, by Rosemond Tuve". Speculum. XLII (1). The Mediaeval Academy of America: 196–199. doi:10.2307/2856132. JSTOR 2856132.
• Kaske, Robert E. (September 1968e). "Review: "The Pearl": An Interpretation, by Patricia Margaret Kean". English Language Notes. VI (1). Boulder, Colorado: University of Colorado: 48–52.
• Kaske, Robert E. (January 1970). "Review: A Reading of Beowulf, by Edward B. Irving, Jr". The Journal of English and Germanic Philology. LXIX (1). The University of Illinois: 159–161. JSTOR 27705832.
• Kaske, Robert E. (1971). "Review: 'Pearl' in its Setting: A Critical Study of the Structure and Meaning of the Middle English Poem, by Ian Bishop". Anglia. 89. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag: 13–137. doi:10.1515/angl.1971.1971.89.119.
• Kaske, Robert E. (January 1971). "Review: Theology and Poetry in the Middle English Lyric: A Study of Sacred History and Aesthetic Form, by Sarah Appleton Weber". Speculum. XLVI (1). The Mediaeval Academy of America: 188–190. doi:10.2307/2855128. JSTOR 2855128.
• Kaske, Robert E. (November 1974). "Review: The Interpretation of Old English Poems, by Stanley B. Greenfield". Modern Philology. 72 (2). University of Chicago Press: 190–194. doi:10.1086/390557. JSTOR 436745.

School works

• Kaske, Robert E. (25 September 1940). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVII, no. 1. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (9 October 1940). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVII, no. 3. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (16 October 1940). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVII, no. 4. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (23 October 1940). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVII, no. 5. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (30 October 1940). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVII, no. 6. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (6 November 1940). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVII, no. 7. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (20 November 1940). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVII, no. 8. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (11 December 1940). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVII, no. 10. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (18 December 1940). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVII, no. 11. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (15 January 1941). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVII, no. 12. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (22 January 1941). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVII, no. 13. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (12 February 1941). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVII, no. 14. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (19 February 1941). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVII, no. 15. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (26 February 1941). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVII, no. 16. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (5 March 1941). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVII, no. 17. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (12 March 1941). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVII, no. 18. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (19 March 1941). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVII, no. 19. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (9 April 1941). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVII, no. 21. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (23 April 1941). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVII, no. 22. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (30 April 1941). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVII, no. 23. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (7 May 1941). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVII, no. 24. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (14 May 1941). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVII, no. 25. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (21 May 1941). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVII, no. 26. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (16 October 1941). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVIII, no. 3. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (23 October 1941). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVIII, no. 4. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (29 November 1941). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVIII, no. 7. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 4.
• Kaske, Robert E. (12 December 1941). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVIII, no. 8. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (19 December 1941). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVIII, no. 9. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (15 January 1942). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVIII, no. 10. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (27 January 1942). "Quid Ergo?". Xavier University News. Vol. XXVIII, no. 11. Cincinnati, Ohio. p. 2.
• Kaske, Robert E. (November 1948). "Sergeant Hinchey's Homecoming". Factotum. 2: 13–18. OCLC 1568729.
• Kaske, Robert E. (May 1949). "Prime Wisdom". Factotum. 3: 9. OCLC 1568729.
• Kaske, Robert E. (May 1949). "Kohala Summit". Factotum. 3: 10. OCLC 1568729.

Notes

References

Bibliography

• "At Work at Cornell". Cornell Alumni News. 78 (8). Cornell Alumni Association: 13–23. April 1974.
• Colby-Hall, Alice M.; Hill, Thomas D. & Wetherbee, Winthrop (1989). "Kaske, Robert Earl". Individual Memorial Statements. Cornell University. Retrieved 23 February 2019.
• Kane, George; Leyerle, John & Robinson, Fred C. (July 1990). "Memoirs of Fellows and Corresponding Fellows of the Medieval Academy of America: Robert Earl Kaske". Speculum. 65 (3). The Mediaeval Academy of America: 818–820. JSTOR 2864141.
• Groos, Arthur; Brown Jr., Emerson; Hill, Thomas D.; Mazzotta, Giuseppe & Wittig, Joseph S., eds. (1986). Magister Regis: Studies in Honor of Robert Earl Kaske. New York: Fordham University Press. ISBN 0-8232-1161-4. LCCN 86-80020.
• Hill, Thomas D. (Fall 1989). "In Memoriam: Robert E. Kaske (1921–89)" (PDF). Old English Newsletter. 23 (1): 14. ISSN 0030-1973.
• Hill, Thomas D. (1996). "R. E. Kaske, Medieval Christian Literary Imagery: A Review of Reviews". Mediaevalia. 19. State University of New York at Binghamton: 261–272. ISSN 0361-946X.
• Powell, William S., ed. (1960). The Graduate School Dissertations and Theses, First Supplement, 1946–1959. University of North Carolina Library Studies. Vol. 3. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Library.
• Renthrop, James A., ed. (1942). The Musketeer. Vol. XIX. Cincinnati, Ohio: Xavier University.
• Robinson, Fred C. (1990). "Robert Earl Kaske, 1921-1989". In Oizumi, Akio & Takamiya, Toshiyuki (eds.). Medieval English Studies: Past and Present. Tokyo: Eichosha Co., Ltd. pp. 239–243. ISBN 4-268-00014-3.
• Sowell, Madison U. (1989). "In Memoriam: Robert Earl Kaske" (PDF). Journal of the Rocky Mountain Medieval and Renaissance Association. 10: 118–119.
• Stanley, Eric G. (September 1991). "Robert E. Kaske". Notes and Queries. New Series. 38 (3): 285. doi:10.1093/notesj/38.3.285. ISSN 0029-3970.

External links

• Robert Kaske at Find a Grave