Tripeptidyl-peptidase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TPP2gene.[5][6] Among other things it is heavily implicated in MHC (HLA) class-I processing, as it has both endopeptidase and exopeptidase activity.[7]
Clinical significance and genetic deficiency[edit]
Biallelic deleterious variants in the TPP2 gene may result in a recessive disorder with immune deficiency, autoimmune disease and intellectual disability.[8][9] Some genetic variants may result in a milder disease with sterile brain inflammation mimicking multiple sclerosis.[10] These observations underline the fundamental role of TPP2 in cells of the immune system.
^"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^Tomkinson B, Jonsson AK (January 1991). "Characterization of cDNA for human tripeptidyl peptidase II: the N-terminal part of the enzyme is similar to subtilisin". Biochemistry. 30 (1): 168–174. doi:10.1021/bi00215a025. PMID1670990.
^Atallah I, Quinodoz M, Campos-Xavier B, Peter VG, Fouriki A, Bonvin C, et al. (June 2021). "Immune deficiency, autoimmune disease and intellectual disability: A pleiotropic disorder caused by biallelic variants in the TPP2 gene". Clinical Genetics. 99 (6): 780–788. doi:10.1111/cge.13942. PMID33586135. S2CID231926886.
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Wilson C, Gibson AM, McDermott JR (July 1993). "Purification and characterization of tripeptidylpeptidase-II from post-mortem human brain". Neurochemical Research. 18 (7): 743–749. doi:10.1007/BF00966768. PMID8396212. S2CID21957759.
Martinsson T, Vujic M, Tomkinson B (August 1993). "Localization of the human tripeptidyl peptidase II gene (TPP2) to 13q32-q33 by nonradioactive in situ hybridization and somatic cell hybrids". Genomics. 17 (2): 493–495. doi:10.1006/geno.1993.1353. PMID8406500.
Rose C, Vargas F, Facchinetti P, Bourgeat P, Bambal RB, Bishop PB, et al. (April 1996). "Characterization and inhibition of a cholecystokinin-inactivating serine peptidase". Nature. 380 (6573): 403–409. Bibcode:1996Natur.380..403R. doi:10.1038/380403a0. PMID8602240. S2CID4269327.
Geier E, Pfeifer G, Wilm M, Lucchiari-Hartz M, Baumeister W, Eichmann K, Niedermann G (February 1999). "A giant protease with potential to substitute for some functions of the proteasome". Science. 283 (5404): 978–981. doi:10.1126/science.283.5404.978. PMID9974389.
Ganellin CR, Bishop PB, Bambal RB, Chan SM, Law JK, Marabout B, et al. (February 2000). "Inhibitors of tripeptidyl peptidase II. 2. Generation of the first novel lead inhibitor of cholecystokinin-8-inactivating peptidase: a strategy for the design of peptidase inhibitors". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 43 (4): 664–674. doi:10.1021/jm990226g. PMID10691692.
Lindås AC, Tomkinson B (January 2005). "Identification and characterization of the promoter for the gene encoding human tripeptidyl-peptidase II". Gene. 345 (2): 249–257. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2004.11.042. PMID15716107.
Stavropoulou V, Vasquez V, Cereser B, Freda E, Masucci MG (July 2006). "TPPII promotes genetic instability by allowing the escape from apoptosis of cells with activated mitotic checkpoints". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 346 (2): 415–425. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.05.141. PMID16762321.
Lindås AC, Tomkinson B (May 2007). "Characterization of the promoter of the gene encoding human tripeptidyl-peptidase II and identification of upstream silencer elements". Gene. 393 (1–2): 62–69. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2007.01.015. PMID17343995.
