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The Money Portal

Euro coins and banknotes

Money is any item or verifiable record that is generally accepted as payment for goods and services and repayment of debts, such as taxes, in a particular country or socio-economic context. The primary functions which distinguish money are: medium of exchange, a unit of account, a store of value and sometimes, a standard of deferred payment.

Money was historically an emergent market phenomenon that possessed intrinsic value as a commodity; nearly all contemporary money systems are based on unbacked fiat money without use value. Its value is consequently derived by social convention, having been declared by a government or regulatory entity to be legal tender; that is, it must be accepted as a form of payment within the boundaries of the country, for "all debts, public and private", in the case of the United States dollar.

The money supply of a country comprises all currency in circulation (banknotes and coins currently issued) and, depending on the particular definition used, one or more types of bank money (the balances held in checking accounts, savings accounts, and other types of bank accounts). Bank money, whose value exists on the books of financial institutions and can be converted into physical notes or used for cashless payment, forms by far the largest part of broad money in developed countries. (Full article...)

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Dynamic Intelligent Currency Encryption (DICE) is a technological concept proposed to enhance the security of paper currency. It aims to track and monitor banknotes in circulation by utilizing identifiable characteristics, allowing for the remote devaluation of banknotes implicated in fraudulent activities or criminal transactions. Developed in 2014 by the British-Austrian technology company EDAQS, DICE introduces a security system wherein banknotes are equipped with Machine Readable Codes (MRC) or Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) tags. These banknotes are then registered to a centralized system, purportedly rendering them secure and resistant to forgery.

One of the primary objectives of DICE is to engage the entire banking and retail sector in a system where cash circulation is passively monitored and controlled. Furthermore, DICE aims to provide an alternative to the complete abolition of physical currency. It proposes to offer the advantages of a cashless economy, such as reduced instances of cash-related crimes, without eliminating cash entirely. (Full article...)

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The króna (plural: krónur; sign: kr) is the currency of the Faroe Islands. It is issued by Danmarks Nationalbank, the central bank of Denmark. It is not a separate currency, but is rather a local issue of banknotes denominated in the Danish krone, although Danish-issued coins are still used. Consequently, it does not have an ISO 4217 currency code and instead shares that of the Danish krone, DKK. This means that in the Faroe Islands, credit cards are charged in Danish kroner. The króna is subdivided into 100 oyru(r). (Full article...)

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... that barley was once used as a form of money?
... that American first lady Lou Henry Hoover secretly sent money to families in need during the Great Depression?
... that in the span of three days, a Florida man was approved by bankruptcy courts to buy TV stations in Roanoke and Lynchburg, Virginia, and then arrested on charges of laundering millions in drug money?
... that the manager of WVSS at the University of Wisconsin–Stout spent about $6,000 of his own money to buy more than 500 classical music CDs to program the station?
... that in 1919, Ukrainians were using regular-issue paper money issued in denominations of 0.30, 0.40, 0.90, 1.80, 3.60 and 18 hryvnias?
... that people are robbing Lebanese banks to get their own money back?
... that the dark-money American Accountability Foundation aims to "take a big handful of sand and throw it in the gears of the Biden administration"?
... that Starbucks raised money for HIV/AIDS research using their red holiday cups?

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The following are images from various currency-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Undated Kelzang tangka (1910), obverse (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 2Tenga of Muhammad Khudayar Khan, struck at the Kokand mint, dated 1862–1863 (from Kokand tenga)
Image 3Banknotes of different currencies with a face value of 5000 (from Money)
Image 4Athens coin (c. 500/490-485 BC) discovered in Pushkalavati. This coin is the earliest known example of its type to be found so far east. (from Punch-marked coins)
Image 5A person counts a bundle of different Swedish banknotes. (from Money)
Image 6Song Dynasty Jiaozi, the world's earliest paper money (from Money)
Image 7Sino Tibetan silver tangka, dated 58th year of Qian Long era, reverse. Weight 5.57 g. Diameter: 30 mm (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 8Tibetan "gaden" Tangka, undated (ca. AD 1840), obverse (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 9Paper money from different countries (from Money)
Image 10Money Base, M1 and M2 in the U.S. from 1981 to 2012 (from Money)
Image 11Tibetan silver tangka with Ranjana (Lantsa) script, dated 15-28 (= AD 1894), obverse (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 12Huizi currency, issued in 1160 (from Money)
Image 13US dollar banknotes (from Money)
Image 14Tibetan undated silver tangka, struck in 1953/54, obverse. (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 15A 640 BC one-third stater electrum coin from Lydia (from Money)
Image 16Printing paper money at a printing press in Perm (from Money)
Image 17Tibetan "gaden" Tangka, undated (ca. AD 1840), reverse (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 18A hoard of mostly Mauryan punch-marked coins (from Punch-marked coins)
Image 19Gold coins are an example of legal tender that are traded for their intrinsic value, rather than their face value. (from Money)
Image 20A check, used as a means of converting funds in a demand deposit to cash (from Money)
Image 21"Bent bar" minted under Achaemenid administration, Gandhara, c.350 BC. (from Punch-marked coins)
Image 22Tibetan undated silver tangka, struck in 1953/54, reverse. (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 23Sino Tibetan silver tangka, dated 58th year of Qian Long era, obverse. Weight 5.57 g. Diameter: 30 mm (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 24Tibetan undated silver tangka (2nd half of 18th century) with eight times the syllable "dza" in vartula script,reverse (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 25Tibetan silver tangka with Ranjana (Lantsa) script, dated 15-28 (= AD 1894), reverse (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 26A 1914 British gold sovereign (from Money)
Image 27President J. K. Paasikivi illustrated in a former Finnish 10 mark banknote from 1980 (from Money)
Image 28Tibetan kong par tangka, dated 13-45 (= AD 1791),reverse (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 29Banknotes and coins (from Money)
Image 30Punch-marked coins discovered from Chandraketugarh. (from Punch-marked coins)
Image 31Tibetan undated silver tangka (2nd half of 18th century) with eight times the syllable "dza" in vartula script,obverse (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 32Tibetan kong par tangka, dated 13-45 (= AD 1791),obverse (from Tibetan tangka)
Image 33Undated Kelzang tangka (1910), reverse (from Tibetan tangka)